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Diagnosing Battery Degradation via gas analysis

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第3期5卷 688-692页

作者： Michael Metzger Hubert A.gasteiger Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie UniversityHalifax Nova Scotia B3H 4R2Canada Department of Chemistry Dalhousie UniversityHalifax Nova Scotia B3H 4R2Canada Chair of Technical Electrochemistry Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnical University of MunichD-85748Garching Germany

Interfacial reactions in lithium-ion batteries often involve gaseous reaction *** investigation of material degradation processes requires a technique to identify and quantify these gases in battery *** electrochemical mass spectrometry(OEMS)is an operando gas analysis method that continuously samples the headspace of a custom battery ***-time gas analysis by quantitative OEMS was used to create mechanistic understanding of battery degradation reactions,some of which will be highlight in this article.

关键词： aging mechanisms batteries energy storage gas analysis in situ and operando characterization

Experimental evaluation of thermolysis-driven gas emissions from LiPF6-carbonate electrolyte used in lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第10期29卷 124-135页

作者： Zhenghai Liao Shen Zhang Yikun Zhao Zongjia Qiu Kang Li Dong Han Guoqiang Zhang Thomas G.Habetler Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332United States

This paper performs an experimental evaluation of thermolysis-driven gases generated by the thermal decomposition of 1 M LiPF6+EC/DMC=1/1 v/v electrolytes at various decomposition temperatures,pyrolysis durations,and oxygen *** out in a home-built autoclave filled with pure helium,the experiment reveals that as the decomposition temperature increases,more types and larger quantities of gases will be ***,the experimental results demonstrate trends of logistic growth in the volume concentration of CO2,C2H6O,C2H4,CO,and C2H4O2 with the increase of decomposition *** a prolonged pyrolysis duration,while volume concentrations of certain gases,such as CO2,C2H6O,C2H5F,and CO would increase,the concentration of C2H4O2 actually ***,concentrations of both C2H4 and C2H5F will first decrease and reach their minimum values at 1%v/v oxygen concentration,and then they would quickly climb back at higher oxygen concentrations,while the concentrations of C2H6 and C2H3F would decrease *** is envisioned that the detailed experimental results and findings on the gas generation pattern of 1 M LiPF6+EC/DMC=1/1 v/v electrolytes can facilitate the development of an early warning mechanism of thermal runaway based on gas sensing technology,which can be effectively applied to monitor the potential thermal failures of lithium-ion batteries with the same type of electrolyte and thus promote the thermal safety of battery packs in safety-critical applications.

关键词： LiPF6-carbonate electrolyte Thermal decomposition gas analysis Lithium-ion battery Thermal safety

gas Characteristics of Pine Sawdust Catalyzed Pyrolysis by Additives

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第1期30卷 333-342页

作者： YU Dongling JIN Guang PANG Yunji CHEN Yisheng GUO Shaopeng SHEN Shengqiang School of Energy and Environment Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou 014000China School of Energy and Power Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116023China

In order to effectively investigate the variation of gas production characteristics of biomass under normal-speed pyrolysis conditions,the gas production rate,gas production component yield and gas production calorific value of pine sawdust with adding Na_(2)CO_(3),CaO and Fe_(2)O_(3)were systematically *** the experiment,an improved tube furnace was used to research the pyrolysis process with the temperature from 350℃to 750℃.The results indicate that the gas yield rises with the increase of temperature without additives,reaching 19.59%at 750℃.The liquid yield reaches 59.38%at 450℃and then the yield change is *** increases the calorific value of the pyrolysis product gas due to the adsorption of CO_(2).Na_(2)CO_(3)is fused with inorganic substances in the biomass to form a char skeleton *** effect of Fe2O3 on H2 is more obvious at higher ***_(2)CO_(3)has the most obvious effect on the pyrolysis of pine sawdust among the discussed additives,which effectively promotes the production of H_(2).

关键词： pine sawdust pyrolysis additive catalysis gas analysis

A fatal case of oxygen embolism in a hospital

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Forensic Sciences Research 2017年第2期2卷 100-106页

作者： Lionel Comment Vincent Varlet Kewin Ducrot Silke Grabherr Forensic Medicine Unit University Center of Legal MedicineCHUV HospitalLausanne-GenevaSwitzerland Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry Unit University Center of Legal MedicineCHUV HospitalLausanne-GenevaSwitzerland Unit of Forensic Imaging and Anthropology University Center of Legal MedicineCHUV HospitalLausanne-GenevaSwitzerland

This case reports on a 68-year-old man who was found dead in hospital next to his *** this,he had been treated with intravenous antibiotics for *** body was found with a peripheral venous catheter connected to a nasal cannula delivering oxygen(O_(2))from the *** medico-legal examinations were performed,including post-mortem computed tomography(CT),complete conventional autopsy,histological and immunohistochemistry analysis,toxicological analysis and post-mortem ***,CT-guided gas sampling was performed at multiple sites to collect samples for gas *** the external examination,massive subcutaneous emphysema was visible over the entire surface of the *** CT scan revealed the presence of gas throughout the vascular system,and in the subcutaneous and muscular *** autopsy confirmed the presence of lobar pneumonia and multiple gas bubbles in the vascular *** gas analysis results showed a subnormal concentration of oxygen,confirming the suspected pure O_(2) ***,the carbon dioxide(CO_(2))concentration in the gas sample from the heart was elevated to a level similar to those found in scuba diving *** could come from degassing of dissolved CO_(2) that accumulated and was trapped in the cardiac *** on the results of the different exams performed,and especially the gas analysis results,it was concluded that the cause of death was O_(2) embolism.

关键词： Forensic science air embolism autopsy forensic imaging gas analysis