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Frontiers of Law in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2018年第3期13卷 441-455页

作者： Daniel Wolff Faculty of Law LMU Munich Munich 80539 Germany

The article discusses the proposal for a ＂Charter of Digital fundamental rights of the European Union,＂ whose central element is a binding effect of its fundamental rights not only to state authorities, but also to powerful private intemet companies, which have a potential similar to that of the state to infringe on fundamental rights in the digital era. The article outlines the traditional German approach to fundamental rights and its underlying distinction between state and society, which makes it difficult for German scholars to handle a so-called horizontal effect of fundamental rights. Finally, the article discusses the main objections to such a horizontal effect and shows some practical problems it has the potential to cause in German and European constitutional law.

关键词： fundamental rights horizontal effect distinction between state and society

Clinical forensic imaging and fundamental rights in Austria

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Forensic Sciences Research 2017年第2期2卷 65-74页

作者： Sophie Kerbacher Michael Pfeifer Bridgette Webb Reingard Riener-Hofer Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Clinical Forensic Imaging Ludwig Boltzmann GesellschaftGrazAustria

Clinical forensic imaging encompasses the diverse application of imaging procedures that serve the same purpose:to enable the analysis and investigation of criminal activities and consequences of a *** kinds of imaging techniques and their corresponding images can be subsumed under“forensigraphy”,a more comprehensive term for forensic imaging created by the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Clinical Forensic Imaging in Graz,*** the word forensigraphy suggests,criminal imaging material should be of use in forensic ***,this can lead to new findings that would not have been revealed without the application of imaging techniques and are moreover admissible as evidence in criminal ***,the admissibility of evidence can only be facilitated through the implementation of clinical forensic imaging techniques into the forensic routine case work,which requires a precise pre-analysis of the corresponding legal *** taking and displaying internal images of a person’s body touches upon various aspects of one’s physical and psychological integrity,imaging methods in general and clinical forensic imaging methods especially have a strong impact on and interfere regularly with the fundamental rights of the concerned *** with regard to a possible medical context,certain legal regulations have to be taken into ***,this paper examines forensic imaging in the field of radiological forensigraphy,specifically its in vivo(***)*** is designed to enlighten readers as to the great significance of legal barriers that emerge from fundamental rights,as laid down in the European Convention on Human rights(ECHR),when dealing with clinical forensic *** a result,the legal framework of clinical forensic imaging procedures are comprehensively described,the relevant fundamental rights,especially the right to respect for private and family life,the right to data protection and certain procedu

关键词： Forensic science clinical forensic medicine clinical forensic imaging forensigraphy fundamental rights physical examination criminal proceedings ECHR

The Intervention Path of fundamental rights under the Scope of International Private Law

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The Journal of Human rights 2024年第2期23卷 373-392页

作者：何叶华 SHEN Jinjun(Translated) the College of Humanities and Social Science Nanjing University of Aero-nautics Institute of Air and Space Law 不详

In recent years, international private law scholars have argued for the radiating effect of fundamental rights on international private law by introducing constitutional theory. However,there remains a lack of systematic research on how fundamental rights should be integrated into judicial practices concerning foreign-related civil and commercial cases. Throughout the development of international private law, public policy has served as a historical carrier of substantive values for judicial entities and has consistently played a crucial role in value review. In cases of international private law where conflicts arise with the values of fundamental rights, public policy indirectly excludes the legal choice outcomes to safeguard the human rights values inherent in fundamental rights from ***, due to limitations imposed by the degree of connection and relative conditions, traditional paths of public policy have certain constraints and cannot provide comprehensive protection for fundamental rights. Therefore, there is a need for judges to shift their logical paradigms, transcend bilateral choice-of-law models, and introduce a direct intervention path for fundamental rights. This direct intervention path utilizes the logical analysis framework of the protection scope,intervention, and justification of fundamental rights. It can effectively balance conflicting legal interests and maximize the protection of the fundamental rights of the parties involved.

关键词： fundamental rights intervention path public policy analysis framework

Dilemma of concepts and strategies for the prevention of spread of HIV in relation to human behavior,law and human rights

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2011年第7期12卷 591-610页

作者： Reinhard H. DENNIN Michael LAFRENZ Amdt SINN Lan-juan LI Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene University of Luebeck Campus Luebeck 160 Ratzeburger Allee Luebeck D-23538 Germany AIDS Medical Board Medical Association Rostock MV 18055 Germany Centre for European and International Criminal Law Studies (ZEIS) University of Osnabriick Osnabrueck 49076 Germany State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease the First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310003 China

The new prevalence data regarding the estimated global number of human immunodeficiency virus positive (HIV+) cases,i.e.,including people who are either aware or unaware of their HIV infection in 2010,lead many to wonder why the increase in incidence has reached today’s unprecedented level and escalated within such a short ***,in spite of prevention campaigns in countries affected by HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) with their urgent messages aimed at preventing HIV transmission by promoting changes in individual’s *** article analyzes the background of the prevention strategies,in particular their political,social and legal concepts in terms of human rights,and reveals traits of human behavior not considered thus far.A radical reappraisal is necessary,at social and legislative levels,as well as options additional to current *** ethical issues come up,they become blamed for outmoded moralistic ***,ignoring the reality has led to dire consequences from prioritizing individual human rights over society’s collective need to prevent the spread of HIV.

关键词： HIV Prevention Human rights fundamental rights Jurisdiction Decriminalization

MAGNA CARTA AND THE fundamental RIGHT TO DUE PROCESS

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Frontiers of Law in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2016年第2期11卷 236-242页

作者： Joshua C. Tate SMU Dedman School of Law Dallas US

The 800th anniversary of Magna Carta has been marked by much pageantry and celebration. Some scholars have taken this opportunity to point out that the myth of Magna Carta is far greater than what the actual 1215 Charter managed to accomplish. Nevertheless, Magna Carta did make a meaningful and concrete contribution to due process in 1215, as shown by certain provisions that are seemingly overlooked by critics eager to downplay the Charter＇s importance. This article highlights two lesser known clauses of Magna Carta that had real contemporary significance in guaranteeing the availability of jury trial for some categories of civil litigation. The ringing promises of Clauses 39 and 40 may have inspired great jurists and founders of nations, but the more humble Clauses 17 and 18 -- specifying the proper location and manner of hearing certain civil cases -- must also be taken into account in assessing the Charter＇s importancc.

关键词： Magna Carta legal history trials access to justice property fundamental rights

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法律缺位状态下村民基本权利研究

Basic rights Intervention in the Obtainment of Digital Data as Evidence in Criminal Case——An Analysis Based on Six Typical Cases

宪法学、行政法学 2012年第5期 24-37页

作者：刘志刚

由于法律的缺位，一些村民的土地权益以及承载于其上的基本权利处于事实上的虚置状态。在土地纠纷诉讼中，村民往往无法获得实质性的司法救济，而这在很大程度上也是由于法律的缺位造成的。从挖掘现行法律规范的潜在价值来看，《物权法... 详细信息

由于法律的缺位，一些村民的土地权益以及承载于其上的基本权利处于事实上的虚置状态。在土地纠纷诉讼中，村民往往无法获得实质性的司法救济，而这在很大程度上也是由于法律的缺位造成的。从挖掘现行法律规范的潜在价值来看，《物权法》第63条第二款所设定的救济渠道和《农村土地承包法》等法律中所包含的强制性价值条款无法切实担当起保护村民土地权益、进而实现其基本权利的使命。但是，如果能够设置“法益侵害型”侵权行为制度，将该种价值条款所包含的“平等法益”转介到土地纠纷领域，村民的基本权利是有望得到实现的。当然，法官在转介基本权利的时候，应该对其流量进行动态的控制。

关键词：村民土地权益基本权利 villagers interests in land fundamental rights

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The Journal of Human rights 2021年第1期20卷 60-79页

作者：谢登科 LIU Zhao the Law School of Jilin University the Theoretic Law Research Center of Jilin University the Judicial Data Application Research Center 不详

Electronic data is the most frequently used evidence in the internet and information *** data has been applied extensively and can be classified into many categories,which determine that electronic data contains all kinds off undamental *** clearly understand the fundamental rights contained in electronic data is an important precondition for respecting and protecting human rights in electronic data evidence ***-type electronic data contain property *** investigation measures such as seizure and freezing the property cannot be taken to obtain valid *** directly turn the digital currency into cash and then seize the cash,will result in insufficient property rights protection,and may violate other fundamental rights of criminal *** expansion of the object of the right to privacy and the change of the carrier on which the expansion depends in privacytype electronic data,determine that the obtainment of the privacytype electronic data evidence may result in intangible intervention and secondary intervention in the right to *** electronic data contains freedom of communication and the right to communication *** organs can collect this kind of electronic data through search,acquisition,remote investigation and examination,and other ***,according to the existing institution design,the above-mentioned means may result in insufficient protection of freedom of *** electronic data contains freedom of *** investigative organs collect this kind of data,they may intervene in freedom of the press though they do not intervene in narrowly defined freedom of *** basic principles that should be followed in the electronic data evidence obtainment which intervenes in fundamental rights include the doctrine of legal reservation,the writ system,the principle ofp roportionality,and illegal evidence exclusion.

关键词： electronic data fundamental rights intervention in rights legal principles

On the Principle of Consistency of rights and Obligations in the Constitution of PRC

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The Journal of Human rights 2023年第1期22卷 134-156页

作者：许瑞超 LI Donglin postdoctoral research station of Law School of Xiamen University 不详

“The fundamental rights and obligations of Citizens”, the title of Chapter II of the current Constitution of PRC, and the stipulation that citizens must fulfill certain obligations while enjoying rights have triggered many debates. Considering the historical origin, constitutional philosophy, and the text and structure of the Constitution, the special provisions of the current Constitution are influenced by the principle of consistency of rights and obligations. The principle of consistency of rights and obligations in the Constitution is of complex connotation. Therefore, although the principle of consistency of rights and obligations effectively connects the public and private spheres, it ignores the diversity and differences of the interests and elements contained in the Constitution, the asymmetry of the normative status of fundamental rights and fundamental obligations,and the right of citizens to self-determination of personal *** principle of consistency of rights and obligations should be purposefully narrowed and concretized: In the context of public-private integration and risk society prevention, the principle of consistency of rights and obligations can be used as a supplement to the functional system of the Constitution;in the field of fundamental political obligations, the principle of consistency of rights and obligations should be in line with the requirements of the state to respect and protect human rights;in the field of fundamental social obligations, the exercise of fundamental rights by individuals is protected by the Constitution as long as they comply with the law and do not infringe upon the interests of the social community. The principle of the consistency of rights and obligations is only used as the negative constituents of the determination of rights and the basis for the effect against a third party of fundamental rights.

关键词： fundamental rights fundamental obligations socialism consistency of rights and obligations

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略论我国宪法财产征用制度的缺陷

宪法学、行政法学 2002年第4期 8-14页

作者：李累

该文借助于说明宪法规定财产征用的原因，分析财产征用的特征和要件，剖析该领域内民主立法与权利保障之间的关系，得出了我国宪法财产征用制度存在4个缺陷的结论，建议通过进一步修改宪法和实现宪政民主予以克服。

关键词：宪法财产征用财产权基本权利民主立法 constitution taking property rights fundamental rights democracy

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基本权利的国家保护：从客观价值到主观权利