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On-road pollutant emission and fuel consumption characteristics of buses in Beijing

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第3期23卷 419-426页

作者： Aijuan Wang Yunshan Ge Jianwei Tan Mingliang Fu Asad Naeem Shah Yan Ding Hong Zhao Bin Liang National Lab of Auto Performance & Emission Test Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Lahore 54000 Pakistan Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China College of Mechanical & Electronic Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China Beijing Automotive Research Institute Co. Ltd. Beijing 100079 China

On-road emission and fuel consumption （FC） levels for Euro Ⅲ and Ⅳ buses fueled on diesel and compressed natural gas （CNG） were compared, and emission and FC characteristics of buses were analyzed based on approximately 28,700 groups of instantaneous data obtained in Beijing using a portable emissions measurement system （PEMS）. The experimental results revealed that NOx and PM emissions from CNG buses were decreased by 72.0% and 82.3% respectively, compared with Euro IV diesel buses. Similarly, these emissions were reduced by 75.2% and 96.3% respectively, compared with Euro III diesel buses. In addition, CO2, CO, HC, NOx, PM emissions and FC of Euro IV diesel buses were reduced by 26.4%, 75.2%, 73.6%, 11.4%, 79.1%, and 26.0%, respectively, relative to Euro Ⅲ diesel buses. The CO2, CO, HC, NOx, PM emissions and FC factors all decreased with bus speed increased, while increased as bus acceleration increased. At the same time, the emission/FC rates as well as the emission/FC factors exhibited a strong positive correlation with the vehicle specific power （VSP）. They all were the lowest when VSP 〈 0, and then rapidly increased as VSP increased. Furthermore, both the emission/FC rates and emission/FC factors were the highest at accelerations, higher at cruise speeds, and the lowest at decelerations for non-idling buses. These results can provide a base reference to further estimate bus emission and FC inventories in Beijing.

关键词： vehicle specific power PEMS driving modes fuel consumption factors

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