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freezing point OF LOAD-BEARING MOIST SOIL AND ITS DETERMINATION

Chinese Science Bulletin 1990年第6期35卷 493-497页

作者：刘宗超丁德文 Xinjiang Institute of Geography Academia SinicaUrümqi 830011PRC Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology and Geocryology Academia SinicaLanzhou 730000PRC

Since Workman-Reynolds effect was discovered, more and more attention has been paid to the freezing electrical potential of solution. Hanley and Rao have discussed the freezing electrical potentials and influencing fa... 详细信息

关键词： freezing point freezing electrical potential thawing point

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Study on Supercooling point and freezing point in Floral Organs of Apricot

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2007年第11期6卷 1330-1335页

作者： MENG Qing-rui LIANG Yin-quan WANG Wen-feng DU Shao-hua LI Yan-hui YANG Jian-min Agricultural University of Hebei Baoding 071001 P.R.China

Under the environment of an artificial climate chamber, supercooling point （SCP） and freezing point （FP） in flower and young fruit at different development stages and freezing injuries of floral organs were studied. The apricot cultivars tested were Kety, Golden Sun and Honghebao. With the development of flower buds, SCP and FP increased, which indicated that their cold resistance decreased. SCP and FP varied with different floral organs. For different apricot cultivars, it was found that, the lower SCP or FP in floral organs was, the more resistant capacity the cultivar had, and the larger the temperature interval from SCP to FP was. SCP was not a constant value, but a range. Frequency distribution of SCP in petals was more dispersing than that in stamens and pistils. Floral organs could maintain a supercooling state to avoid ice formation, but they were sensitive to freezing. Once floral organs froze, thev turned brown after thawing.

关键词： apricot floral organs supercooling point freezing point frost

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Chemical Properties,Low-Temperature Performance,and Burning Performance of Bio-Jet Fuel

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2023年第4期25卷 23-30页

作者： Zhang Zongwei Wang Zihan Yang Ze Li Junqi Liu Haonan College of Aeronautical Engineering Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin300300China Institute for Environment and Development Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin300300China Transportation Science and Engineering Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin300300China

The effects of composition of bio-jet fuels on freezing point,smoke point,distillation range,and flash point are investigated.Performance tests using petroleum-based jet fuel with different compositions are conducted in line with standard test specifications.The results show that alkylbenzenes reduce the freezing point,with the amount of reduction becoming greater with increasing alkylbenzene content.For a 25%content of the C_8 aromatic xylene,the freezing point is in the range from-55.5℃to-60.1℃.The presence of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons leads to an increase in carbon deposition performance,especially when alkyl side chains are present.With cycloalkanes,carbon deposition is reduced,although alkyl side chains weaken this beneficial effect.Isomeric hydrocarbons are beneficial in reducing carbon deposition.The ASTM D7566 specifications for the distillation range are based on the average properties of petroleum-based aviation fuel,and if all the parameters governing the distillation range of an alternative jet fuel are at their lower limits,it is necessary to check whether other performance standards are met.Light components affect the flash point greatly,with 5%of benzene reducing the flash point by 17℃,whereas intermediate components(e.g.,xylene and ethylbenzene)and heavier components have less impact.Although alcohols provide better combustion performance,their content must be strictly limited owing to their effects in reducing the flash point.

关键词： sustainable aviation fuel freezing point smoke point distillation range flash point

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Application of Colligative Properties in Quality Detection of Watering Raw Milk

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2011年第2期3卷 42-44页

作者： LIN Fang-dong JIANG Zhen-ju CAO Rui School of Bioengineering Xihua University Chengdu 610039 China

[ Objective] To investigate the effects of different water amount on freezing point of raw milk. EMetbodl The freezing point of raw milk added water at different proportions was detected by SWC-LG freezing point detector. The linear regression equation was obtained. The reproduc- ibility was checked. The water content in raw milk was calculated according to the standard regression curve. E Result~ When the water content changed from 0 to 10%, the freezing point of raw milk increased linearly. As evidenced by the reproducibility test, the standard deviation and rela- tive standard deviation were less than 1%. The milk concentration obtained by detecting the freezing point of blind milk samples had an absolute er- ror of no more than 0.5%, compared with actual watering milk concentration. [ ConcluMonl Water content in raw milk can be determined by measur- ing freezing point, and this method is reliable and reproducible.

关键词： Raw milk freezing point Water content

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