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Estimation of the carbon storage of forest vegetation and carbon emission from forest fires in Heilongjiang Province,China

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Journal of forestry Research 2007年第1期18卷 17-22页

作者： HU Hai-qing LIU Yuan-chun JIAO Yan College of forestry Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 P. R. China

The forest resource of Heilongjiang province has important position in china. On the basis of the six times of national forest inventory data （1973-1976, 1977-1981, 1985-1988, 1989-1993, 1994-1998, 1999-2003） surveyed by the forestry Ministry of P. R. China from 1973 to 2003, the carbon storage of forests in Heilongjiang Province are estimated by using the method of linear relationship of each tree species between biomass and volume. The results show that the carbon storage of Heilongjiang forests in the six periods （1973-1976, 1977-1981, 1985-1988, 1989-1993, 1994-1998, 1999-2003） are 7.164×10^8 t, 4.871×10^8 t, 5.094×10^8 t, 5.292×10^8 t, 5.594×10^8 t and 5.410×10^8 t, respectively., which showed a trend of decreasing in early time and then increasing. It indicated that Heilongjiang forests play an important role as a sink of atmospheric carbon dioxide during past 30 years. Based on the data of forest fires from 1980 to 1999 and ground biomass estimation for some forest types in Heilongjiang Province, it is estimated that the amount of mean annual consumed biomass of forests is 391758.65t-522344.95t, accounting for 6.4%-8.4% of total national consummation from forest fires, and the amount of carbon emission is 176 291.39t-235 055.23t, about 8% of total national emission from forest fires. The emission of CO2, CO, CH4 and NMHC from forest fires in Heilongjiang Province are estimated at 581761.6-775682.25 t, 34892.275-46523.04 t, 14091.11-18788.15 t and 6500-9000 t, respectively, every year.

关键词： forest vegetation Carbon storage forest fire Biomass Carbon emission

The method on recovery of forest vegetation in degraded ecosystem in tropical and subtropical waste lowland in Guangdong

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1990年第3期2卷 13-25页

作者： Yu Zuoyue and Wang ZhuhaoSouth China Institute of Botany,Academia Sinica,Guangzhou,China

The aim of this paper is to discuss the reasonable method to set up the man-made ecosystem where the high productivity, high economic effects and ecological efficiencies, continual resources and suitable environment c... 详细信息

关键词： forest vegetation degraded ecosystem tropical waste lowland South China.

Study on Distribution Pattern of Plant Diversity of forest vegetation in Luofu Mountain,Guangdong

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Chinese forestry Science and Technology 2007年第2期6卷 83-92页

作者： ZHENG Zhiqing CHEN Taotao School of Geographical Sciences. Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006P R. China College of Continuing Education South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641P. R. China

Through sample plot survey and statistic analysis,this paper adopts ecological method to study the characteristics of plant diversity of forest vegetation in Luofu Mountain,*** results show that there is a great plant diversity of forest vegetation in Luofu Mountain owing to the ascendancy of aqueous and thermal condition in subtropical *** total number of species in 4 500 m2 sample plot(s)are 170 with 3 870 individual plants in total;Dahl species richness index(D)is 44.932;Simpson diversity index(L,D)is 0.022,0.022;Simpson(1982)diversity index(D)is 3.806;Pielou evenness index(E)is 0.984 and Hulbert evenness index(E)is 0.815;Shannon-wiener diversity index(information index H')is 4.188;Asymmetry index(r)is *** indexes show that a better habitat will bring about plant diversity of forest vegetation,and the diversity of zonal vegetation shows that the higher latitude is,the less species of vegetation can be ***,vertical change of plant diversity of forest vegetation in Luofu Mountain is *** species richness index and plant diversity index show that monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest is the tallest,mountain evergreen broad-leaved forest follows as the second and conifer-broad-leaved mixed forest is the *** Wilson β-diversity index,which is obtained by comparison between forest vegetation below 300 m and forest vegetation between 600-900 m,is *** from comparison between forest vegetation in 600-1 100 m and forest vegetation in 900-1 100 m,the Wilson β-diversity index is 0.727;by comparing forest vegetation below 300 m with forest vegetation in 900-1 100 m,the Wilson β-diversity index is *** shows that the plant diversity of forest vegetation is affected by the change in gradient of elevation.

关键词： plant diversity forest vegetation distribution pattern Luofu Mountain

Characteristics of run off and sediment generation of forest vegetationon a hill slope by use of artificial rainfall apparatus

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Journal of forestry Research 2012年第3期23卷 419-424页

作者： LI Xiang NIU Jian-zhi LI Jiao XIE Bao-yuan HAN Yi-ni TAN Jing-ping ZHANG Ying-hu Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation&Desertification Combating Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

We studied the impact of forest vegetation on soil erosion, surface runoff, and sediment generation by using field simulated rainfall apparatus. We measured runoff and sediment generation of five 4.5 × 2.1 m runoff plots （a bare soil as a control; two Pinus tabulaeformis forest plots and two Platycladus orientalis forest with row spacing of 1 m × 1 m and 1.5 m× 1.5 m, respectively） in Beijing Jiu Feng National forest Park under three rainfall intensities （0.42, 0.83, 1.26 mm per minute）. forest vegetation significantly reduced soil erosion and sediment yield. Mean total runoff volume in the four tree stand plots was 93% of that in the control plot, demonstrating the limited effectiveness of forest vegeta- tion in runoff control. With increasing rainfall intensity, runoff reduction in forest plots declined from 28.32% to 2.1%. Similar trends in runoff coefficient and the relationship between runoffvolume and rainfall duration was observed. Mean total sediment yield and mean sediment yield reduction rate under different treatments was 55.05% and 43.17% of those in the bare soil control plot, respectively. Rainfall intensity played an important role in runoff and sediment generation processes, and had a greater impact on runoff than on soil erosion and sediment generation. When considering several factors in runoff and sediment transport processes, the P. tabulaeform plot with row spacing at 1 × 1 m had a greater effect on soil and water conservation than did other forested plots.

关键词： soil erosion forest vegetation rainfall intensity runoff sediment

Effects of Disturbance Intensities on vegetation Patterns in Oak forests of Kumaun,West Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第2期9卷 157-165页

作者： Ranbeer S.RAWAL Sanjay GAIROLA Uppeandra DHAR G.B.Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development School of Agriculture Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-Natal Department of Botany Hamdard University(Jamia Hamdard)

In order to realize the significance of oak forests for ecology and economy of the Himalayan region,the present study attempts to objectively characterize disturbance intensities and their impacts on compositional features of identified Oak forests, ***-oak(Quercus leucotrichophora ***), Tilonj-oak(*** Lindley)and Kharsu-oak(Q. semecarpifolia ***)in west Himalaya. Amongst studied forests,*** and Q. semecarpifolia forests exhibited high sensitivity towards disturbance *** both forests, increasing level of disturbance significantly lowered tree density,dominance and natural recruitment (seedling and sapling density).*** forests, however,appeared relatively more resilient to anthropogenic *** studied oak forests,*** forests with overall poor natural regeneration are in a most critically endangered demographic ***,a slightly improved regeneration(i.e.,seedling density)in moderately disturbed plots is indicative that such plots may be utilized most suitably for in situ revival of these *** of disturbance intensities on tree population is an important subject for forest ecology and management and the present study highlights a need for adopting different management strategies across disturbance intensities in diverse oak forests of west Himalaya.

关键词： forest vegetation Anthropogenic disturbance Oak forests west Himalaya

Rebirth after death: forest succession dynamics in response to climate change on Gongga Mountain, Southwest China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第8期15卷 1671-1681页

作者： CHENG Gen-wei LU Xu-yang WANG Xiao-dan SUN Jian Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

Global climate change is having long-term impacts on the geographic distribution of forest species. However, the response of vertical belts of mountain forests to climate change is still little known. The vertical distribution of forest vegetation(vertical vegetation belt) on Gongga Mountain in Southwest China has been monitored for 30 years. The forest alternation of the vertical vegetation belt under different climate conditions was simulated by using a mathematical model GFSM(the Gongga forest Succession Model). Three possible Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) climate scenarios(increase of air temperature and precipitation by 1.8℃/5%, 2.8℃/10% and 3.4℃/15% for B_1, A_1B and A_2 scenarios, respectively) were chosen to reflect lower, medium and higher changes of global climate. The vertical belts of mountainous vegetation will shift upward by approximately 300 m, 500 m and 600 m in the B_1, A_1B and A_2 scenarios, respectively, according to the simulated results. Thus, the alpine tree-line will move to a higher altitude. The simulation also demonstrated that, in a changing climate, the shift in the vegetation community will be a slow and extended process characterized by two main phases. During the initial phase, trees of the forest community degrade or die, owing to an inability to adapt to a warmer climate. This results in modest environment for the introduction of opportunistic species, consequently, the vegetation with new dominant tree species becomes predominant in the space vacated by the dead trees at the expense of previously dominated original trees as the succession succeed and climate change advance. Hence, the global climate change would dramatically change forest communities and tree species in mountainous regions because that the new forest community can grow only through the death of the original tree. Results indicated that climate change will cause the change of distribution and composition of forest communities on Gongga Mountain, a

关键词： Climate change forest Succession Model forest vegetation Vertical vegetation belt forest succession Gongga Mountain

Spatial distributions of intra-community tree species under topographically variable conditions

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第2期20卷 391-402页

作者： LV Ting ZHAO Rong WANG Ning-jie XIE Lei FENG Yue-yao LI Yao DING Hui FANG Yan-ming Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable forestry in Southern China Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity ConservationCollege of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Research Center for Nature Conservation and Biodiversity State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecology and Environment of Wuyi MountainsState Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on BiosafetyNanjing Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentNanjing 210037China

Growing public awareness of the importance of protecting biodiversity requires the development of forest practices that increase the complexity of stand *** the ecological processes of different forest vegetation provide insights into community coexistence *** this paper,the spatial patterns of three different communities,evergreen broadleaf forest,deciduous broadleaf forest,and mixed needleleaf and broadleaf forest at ***,China,were quantified with four structural parameters,the mingling index,the uniform angle index,the diameter dominance index and the crowdedness *** trees with a diameter at breast height of more than 5 cm were *** analyses highlighted that most trees in the three communities were extremely dense and slightly clumped,with a moderate size differentiation and high mixed *** mixed needleleaf and broadleaf forest,the distribution pattern of tree species was better than the other two ***,spatial patterns in mixed needleleaf and broadleaf forest exhibited a strong stability-effect,that is,the stand had a suitable environment for the stable survival of the *** the increasing of elevation,the degree of the mingling index and the crowdedness index increased,however,there was no influence on the uniform angle index and the diameter dominance ***,at the same elevation,four structural parameters of shady slope were larger than that of sunny *** we found the relationship between stand spatial structure and environment factors had important influence on forest *** work contributes to the knowledge of population structure,and further provide theoretical basis for the sustainable development of forest resources and protecting biodiversity of Huangshan *** future studies,it is necessary to explore the limiting factors of community spatial distribution by combining species diversity and functional traits.

关键词： Intra-community Stand spatial structure Comprehensive evaluation Topographical factor forest vegetation

Spatial Pattern of forest Carbon Storage and Carbon Density in the Kanas National Natural Reserve

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Journal of Landscape Research 2015年第6期7卷 38-41页

作者： LIU Hua BAI Zhiqiang FANG Yue ZHANG Fan HAN Yanliang School of forest & Landscape Architecture Anhui Agricultural University Institute of forest Ecology Xinjiang Forestry Academy

Based on the sub-forest management inventory, volume-derived biomass and mean biomass, carbon storage and its spatial distribution of forest vegetation in Kanas National Nature Reserve(hereinafter referred to as the Reserve) were calculated. The results showed that carbon storage of forest vegetation in the Reserve was 3.004 7 Tg C, mean carbon density was 49.58 Mg C/hm^2; carbon storage of different vegetation types: forest land >shrubbery > open forest > scattered trees, among which carbon storage of forest land accounted for 90.18% of the total carbon storage of the forest vegetation, and mean carbon density of forest land was 68.87 Mg C/hm^2; in terms of regional distribution, spatial distribution of carbon storage and carbon density declined from southwest to northeast; in the Reserve, carbon storage of mature and over-mature forest stands accounted for 79.89% of carbon storage of forest land. If scientifi c management is applied, carbon sequestration capacity of forest will be improved.

关键词： forest vegetation Carbon storage Carbon density Kanas National Nature Reserve