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Improving Evidence-Based Practice in forensic medicine:Validation of INtegration of forensic Epidemiology and the Rigorous EvaluatioN of Causation Elements and Principles of Evidence-Based Reporting in forensic medicine-Pathology version in Indonesia

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Journal of forensic Science and medicine 2023年第3期9卷 236-249页

作者： Putri Dianita Ika Meilia Herkutanto Agus Purwadianto Budi Sampurna Murdani Abdullah Diantha Soemantri Aria Kekalih Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia Department of forensic medicine and Mortuary Persahabatan General HospitalJakartaIndonesia Department of forensic medicine and Medicolegal Studies Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo General HospitalFaculty of Medicine Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia Department of Internal medicine Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo General HospitalFaculty of Medicine Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia Department of Medical Education Faculty of Medicine Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia Department of Community medicine Faculty of Medicine Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia

Introduction: Expert opinions presented in legal proceedings should be scientifically accountable, which is known as evidence-based practice (EBP). Although forensic medical expert opinions are essential in legal proceedings, the methods used to formulate them are not always evidence based or based on standard methods. In forensic medicine, EBP has not been explicitly applied, including in Indonesia. One potential approach to formulate evidence-based expert opinions is called INtegration of forensic Epidemiology and the Rigorous EvaluatioN of Causation Elements (INFERENCE). In addition, there is also no universal guideline for making forensic pathological reports. One prospective guideline is named the Principles of Evidence-based Reporting in forensic medicine-Pathology version (PERFORM-P). Methods: This article describes the validation process of INFERENCE and PERFORM-P in Indonesia. This study uses a mixed method through three interrelated phases, i.e., (1) a cross-sectional survey to determine the characteristics of Indonesian forensic doctors and their current practice, (2) the adaptation and validation process of the two tools through a review by the Indonesian College of forensic medicine, and (3) a one-group pre-postintervention study to assess the validity and reliability of forensic medical expert opinions formulated using Indonesian-INFERENCE (i-INFERENCE) and reported using Indonesian-PERFORM-P (i-PERFORM-P). Results and Discussion: In general, both tools received a positive reception and can potentially be used in the Indonesian setting with some additions/clarifications in the user manuals. Participants envision that both tools will be most useful in complex cases. Conclusions: By obtaining the i-INFERENCE and the i-PERFORM-P, it is hoped that Indonesian forensic medical doctors are better equipped in analyzing and reporting complex cases, and the implementation of EBP can be improved.

关键词： Evidence-based practice forensic medicine forensic pathology INFERENCE Principles of Evidence-based Reporting in forensic medicine-Pathology version

Anatomical changes correlated with chronic pain in forensic medicine

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forensic Sciences Research 2017年第3期2卷 145-151页

作者： Henry J Carson Linn County Medical Examiner’s Office(retired) Cedar RapidsIAUSA

This study was performed to determine the relationships between chronic pain and anatomic changes that may occur in the *** were performed on fatalities that required death investigation in Linn County,IA,or adjacent and nearby *** with chronic pain were older than the control population at the time of ***,hypertension and depression were more common in persons with chronic *** causes of death may also have been related to chronic *** heart,lungs,liver,spleen and kidneys were significantly heavier in persons with chronic pain;emphysema and pleural and abdominal adhesions were more common in persons with chronic *** appear to have been diffuse changes in the body related to chronic *** changes may have been mediated by a number of systemic mechanisms that are involved with chronic pain,including cardiovascular activity,the immune system,the neuroendocrine system and others.

关键词： forensic medicine pain,chronic depression emphysema adhesions tissue

Clinical forensic medicine 2nd ed. 2005

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Modernization of medicine in the Ottoman Empire and Its Effects on forensic Sciences

丛书名： forensic Science and medicine

2005年

作者： Margaret M. Stark

ISBN: (数字)9781592599134

ISBN: (纸本)9781588293688

This revised edition has been completely updated and expanded to address the latest developments and professional concerns in forensic medicine. There are new chapters on the medical aspects of police restraint and new material on the potential of police exposure to infection, the role of alcohol and drugs in vehicular accidents, and forensic sampling in sexual assault examinations. The chapters on fundamental principles, nonaccidental injury in children, and the care of detainees are all fully revised, as are the appendices (now containing a list of useful websites)

关键词： forensic medicine

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Journal of forensic Science and medicine 2018年第4期4卷 213-220页

作者： Ferat Buran Erdem Ozkara The Council of forensic medicine sanliurfa Branch OfficeSanhurfaTurkey department of forensic medicine Faculty of MedicineDokuz Eylul UniversityIzmirTurkey

Modernization in medicine began in the Ottoman Empire in the 19^(th)*** that time,medical education had been provided through the traditional master-apprentice practices and its methods had relied on custom or *** most important of these reforms was in 1827,when the first medical schools in surgical and clinical branches were opened in *** lack of contemporary understanding in medical education until that time had caused an underdevelopment in forensic sciences as it had in various other *** the reform movements,the contents of the forensic medicine curriculum,mainly influenced by the French medical schooling,touched upon all areas of forensic sciences such as pathology,toxicology,organic chemistry,neuropsychiatry,gynecology,handwriting analysis and *** was noteworthy to see such rapid development in scientific modernization considering the fact that,before the reform movements,the religion had a repressive effect and it was forbidden to even perform laboratory tests or examinations on *** the modem Turkish Republic,founded in 1923 after World War I,scientific reforms gained momentum and began competing with the modem *** that,after a letter sent to the Turkish Government by Albert Einstein in 1933,the contemporary Turkish universities embraced the scientists who escaped from the Nazi regime.

关键词： forensic medicine history of forensic medicine legal medicine medical history Ottoman Empire Turkish Republic

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中国法医学杂志

中国法医学杂志

作者：闵建雄

出版社：中国法医学会;公安部鉴定中心

《中国法医学杂志》1986年创刊，是国内法医科学技术领域国家级国内外发行的综合性学术性期刊(双月刊)。率先报道国内法医学科各领域国家重点科技攻关项目的研究成果。主要刊载具有国内先进水平、有相当学术价值或创新性的科研成果论文...

《中国法医学杂志》1986年创刊，是国内法医科学技术领域国家级国内外发行的综合性学术性期刊(双月刊)。率先报道国内法医学科各领域国家重点科技攻关项目的研究成果。主要刊载具有国内先进水平、有相当学术价值或创新性的科研成果论文（包括阶段性成果），及新技术、新方法、新进展等。所刊载信息反映了我国法医学科领域的科研、检案技术水平和现状,反映国际法医学科领域成果和新动向。　　本刊设有论著、综述、技术交流、短篇报道、案例分析、案例报道、医疗纠纷鉴定、读者论坛、述评、讲座、法医学教育、法医学史等栏目。　　本刊为荷兰国际科学文献数据库（ELSEVIER）收录期刊/荷兰医学文摘（EMBASE）收录期刊；“万方数据—数字化期刊群”《中国核心期刊（遴选）数据库》等国内5个数据库检索机构收录期刊；《CAJ—CD规范》执行优秀期刊。

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forensic Study on Objective Evaluation of Visual Acuity of Ametropia with the Event-related Potential P3

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Current Medical Science 2023年第3期43卷 609-614页

作者： Fu-quan JIA Fang-liang LUO Yan-he XIONG Long-long CHENG Zhi-qiang DANG Ji-hui LIU Department of forensic medicine Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhot 010059China Judicial Authentication Research Institute Liaoning UniversityShenyang 110036China Shanghai Love Nursing Station Shanghai 200030China Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University Dalian 116001China Dian Regional forensic Science Institute(Nei Mongol) Hohhot 010041China

Objective In this study,we aimed to assess the characteristics of the P3 component from an event-related potential(ERP)that was induced by visual acuity(VA)***,we sought to provide electrophysiological evidence for the objective evaluation of *** We recruited 32 participants with myopia-related *** reported no other ocular diseases and had an uncorrected VA of 4.0 in both *** used the block letter“E”at different visual angles and orientations as the graphic *** oddball paradigm,consisting of 4 modules,was used for ERP *** standard stimuli of each module were identical,with a visual angle of 1°15′.The visual angles of the target stimuli were 1°15′,55′,24′,and 15′.The VA test was performed on each eye separately for all participants,and all characteristics of the P3 component were *** There was no significant difference in the P3 peak letencies between the target stimulation angle 1°15′group and the 55′group,or between the target stimulation angle 24′group and the 15′*** was a significant difference in the P3 peak letencies between the target stimulation angle 1°15′group and the 24′group as well as the 15′*** was a significant difference in the P3 peak letencies between the target stimulation angle 55′group and the 24′group as well as the 15′*** significant differences were observed in the P3 amplitude between *** In the oddball paradigm,P3 elicitation indicated a cognitive response to the target *** data showed that the characteristics of P3 can be used as an objective evaluation of VA.

关键词： event-related potential P3 visual acuity forensic medicine amplitude

Spectrophotometric Determination of Trimethylamine-nitrogen in Cadaver Tissues for the Estimation of Late Postmortem Interval:A Pilot Study

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2008年第6期28卷 630-633页

作者：刘茜蔡向阳刘艳周兰易少华刘良 Faculty of forensic medicine Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Evidence Science (China University of Political Science and Law) Ministry of Education

To study the relationship between the late postmortem interval （PMI） and trimethyl-amine-nitrogen （TMA-N） in postmortem tissues of cadaver, TMA-N in muscles, livers and kidneys of rats was measured at different postmortem intervals （PMI） by using a modified spectrophotometric method. The results indicated that the detection sensitivity of TMA-N was 1 mg/L, and there was a good linear correlation between the value of absorbance （A value） and TMA-N at the concentration of 1-10 mg/L （R2=0.9991）. Although TMA variation in muscles was different from that in inner organs during the time since death, TMA-N changes in cadaver tissues was positively correlated with PMI. During 2 to 7d since death, the best correlation between PMI and TMA-N concentration was found in muscles. With PMI as an independent variable, the cubic polynomial regression equation was y=-0.457x3 ＋6.519x2-24.574x＋27.207 （R2=0.969）. During 3 to 8 days since death, PMI was best correlated with TMA-N concentration in inner organs. With PMI as the independent variable, the cubic polynomial regression equation was y=0.509x3-9.153x2＋55.727x-95.819 （R2=0.953）. It was concluded that TMA-N in tissues could be used as a new estimator for late PMI. The method used in this study offered advantages such as accuracy, sensitivity, little samples required and wide PMI estimation.

关键词： forensic medicine postmortem interval spectrophotometry trimethylamine-nitrogen spoilage product

Bioluminescent Assay of Microbial ATP in Postmortem Tissues for the Estimation of Postmortem Interval

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2009年第6期29卷 679-683页

作者：刘茜孙清刘艳周兰郑娜刘良 Faculty of forensic medicine Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Evidence Science China University of Political Science and Law Ministry of Education

To study the relationship between changes of microbial ATP in four kinds of murine tis-sues and the postmortem interval （PMI）, healthy SD rats were sacrificed and their muscles, livers, spleens and kidneys were sampled at different postmortem intervals. The concentration of microbial ATP was detected using bioluminescent assay and the data was statistically analyzed. The concentra-tion of microbial ATP in muscle increased with PMI time. The peak appeared at the 7th day after death, and at the 10th day, microbial ATP in muscle tissue increased again. In internal organs, the peaks of microbial ATP were observed at the 8th day after death and the level decreased during 8–10 d. The differences in microbial ATP concentration in liver, spleen and kidney were not statistically significant. During day 0 to day 9 after death, the correlation was best between PMI and microbial ATP in muscle. With PMI as the independent variable, the cubic polynomial regression equation was Y=0.02X3–0.166X2–0.666X＋13.412 （R2=0.989, P〈0.01）. In internal organs, the best correlation was found between PMI and microbial ATP during day 0 to day 10. With PMI as the independent variable, the cubic polynomial regression equation was Y=0.016X3–0.127X2–0.809X＋13.324 （R2=0.986, P〈0.01）. There existed high correlations between PMI and microbial ATP concentration in rat tissues. Since only a small amount of tissue was needed for the detection and the sample was not affected by self-decomposition, the method may extend the time range of PMI estimation.

关键词： forensic medicine postmortem interval microbial ATP bioluminescent assay

Estimation of the age of human semen stains by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy:a preliminary study

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forensic Sciences Research 2020年第2期5卷 119-125页

作者： Shuai Zha Xin Wei Ruoxi Fang Qi Wang Hancheng Lin Kai Zhang Haohui Zhang Ruina Liu Zhouru Li Ping Huang Zhenyuan Wang Department of forensic Pathology Xi’an Jiaotong University School of MedicineXi’anChina Department of forensic medicine Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of forensic medicine Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina Department of forensic Pathology Academy of Forensic ScienceShanghaiChina

Semen stain is one of the most important biological evidence at sexual crime *** estimation of human semen stains plays an important role in forensic work,and it is rarely studied due to lack of well-established *** this study,the technique called attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR)coupled with advanced chemometric methods was employed to determine the age of semen stains on three different substrates:glass slides,tissues and fabric made of regenerated cellulose fibres up to 6 *** least squares regression(PLSR)was used in conjunction with spectral analysis for age estimation,and the results generated high R2 values(cross-validation:0.81,external validation:0.74)but a narrow margin of error for root mean square error(RMSE)(RMSE of cross-validation:0.77 d,RMSE of prediction:1.02 d).Additionally,our results indicated the robustness of PLSR model was not weaken by the influence of different substrates in this *** results indicate that ATR-FTIR,combined with chemometric methods,shows great potential as a convenient and efficient tool for age estimation of semen ***,the method could be applied to routine forensic investigations in the future.

关键词： forensic sciences forensic medicine semen stain age estimation spectroscopy Fourier transform infrared chemometrics