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Peristaltic transport of rheological fluid:model for movement of food bolus through esophagus

Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2012年第3期33卷 315-332页

作者： J.C.MISRA S.MAITI Department of Mathematics Institute of Technical Education and ResearchSiksha 'O' Anusandhan UniversityBhubaneswar 751030India School of Medical Science and Technology & Center for Theoretical Studies Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India

Fluid mechanical peristaltic transport through esophagus is studied in the paper. A mathematical model has been developed to study the peristaltic transport of a rheological fluid for arbitrary wave shapes and tube lengths. The Ostwald-de Waele power law of a viscous fluid is considered here to depict the non-Newtonian behaviour of the fluid. The model is formulated and analyzed specifically to explore some important information concerning the movement of food bolus through esophagus. The analysis is carried out by using the lubrication theory. The study is particularly suitable for the cases where the Reynolds number is small. The esophagus is treated as a circular tube through which the transport of food bolus takes place by periodic contraction of the esophageal wall. Variation of different variables concerned with the transport phenomena such as pressure, flow velocities, particle trajectory, and reflux is investigated for a single wave as well as a train of periodic peristaltic waves. The locally variable pressure is seen to be highly sensitive to the flow index ＂n＂. The study clearly shows that continuous fluid transport for Newtonian/rheological fluids by wave train propagation is more effective than widely spaced single wave propagation in the case of peristaltic movement of food bolus in the esophagus.

关键词： non-Newtonian fluid food bolus esophagus peristaltic transport flow reversal single wave wave train particle trajectory

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Choking or Epilepsy

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2016年第1期2卷 57-59页

作者： Raktim Pratim Tamuli Debarshee Chakraborty Nayan Kumar Das Braja Gopal Das Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Tezpur Medical CollegeTezpur epartment of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Gauhati Medical CollegeGuwahatiAssamIndia

Choking is a form of asphyxia caused by an obstruction within the air passage usually between the pharynx and bifurcation of the *** is commonly associated with alcohol intoxication,neurological injury,or *** is almost always *** and homicidal chokings are ***,in the present case,the dead body of a 29‑year‑old male was brought by the local police to the mortuary of Gauhati Medical College and Hospital,Guwahati for medico‑legal autopsy,who as reported,was mysteriously found dead on his *** complete and thorough autopsy,the cause of death was opined to be due to asphyxia as a result of antemortem choking,following impaction of the food bolus in the laryngotracheal *** person had a history of a single episode of seizure(epilepsy)about 1 month back.

关键词： Asphyxia choking epilepsy food bolus

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Improved Resuscitation Method for Choking Victims

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Open Journal of Emergency Medicine 2021年第4期9卷 143-149页

作者： Puthalath Koroth Raghuprasad Independent Researcher Odessa USA

Abdominal thrust, popularized by Henry Heimlich in 1975 is the standard resuscitation method for victims of choking. When properly applied, this procedure can and has saved many lives over the years, but the process itself is somewhat difficult to perform. The main reason for this difficulty is the need to reach around the trunk of the victim and then apply sufficient force to generate enough pressure upwards to the diaphragm, to be able to dislodge the food bolus (or foreign body) out of the larynx. This is compounded by the size of the average American, especially when they are overweight or obese, thus the ability to reach the front of the abdomen and then the prospect of actually trying to lift the victim up through brute force is a challenge for most people. Some difficulties are inherent in the emotionally charged and panicky situations in which such resuscitation measures take place. Some scientists have advocated the use of mechanical devices to apply thrust to the abdomen. However, the lack of availability of such assisting devices at home and even in restaurants is a distinct issue. Damage to the xiphisternum or internal organs by excessive force is also an issue, so much so, most authorities recommend a post-resuscitation check up of all victims at a hospital or clinic. The procedure(s) described in this report is much simpler in execution, while being almost effortless, and applicable to victims of any size. It also exploits the objects that are likely to be present where such choking accidents occur, the restaurants and dining rooms, while also taking advantage of the earth’s gravity to dislodge the offending food bolus. If such objects are not available, an alternate method using the rescuer’s free forearm to support the victim’s weight, while keeping him/her folded over is also described.

关键词： Abdominal Thrust Choking food bolus Heimlich Maneuver Resuscitation

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Cap-assisted endoscopy for esophageal foreign bodies:A metaanalysis

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2023年第1期11卷 38-46页

作者： Zahid Ijaz Tarar Umer Farooq Matthew L Bechtold Yezaz A Ghouri Department of Internal Medicine University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65212United States Department of Medicine Loyola UniversityChicagoIL 60153United States Department of Medicine University of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbiaMO 65212United States Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO 65212United States

BACKGROUND Esophageal foreign bodies are common around the *** approaches,such as cap-assisted endoscopy,have been introduced as an alternative to conventional ***,we performed a meta-analysis ono cap-assisted endoscopy versus conventional endoscopy for removal of esophageal foreign *** To investigated the effectiveness of cap-assisted endoscopy with conventional *** An extensive literature search was performed(December 2021).For esophageal foreign body removal,cap-assisted endoscopy was compared to conventional endoscopy for procedure time,technical success of the procedure,time of foreign body retrieval,en bloc removal,and adverse event rate using odds ratio and mean *** Six studies met the inclusion criteria(n=1305).Higher odds of technical success(P=0.002)and en bloc removal(P<0.01)and lower odds of adverse events(P=0.02)and foreign body removal time(P<0.01)were observed with cap-assisted endoscopy as compared to conventional *** For esophageal foreign bodies,the technique of cap-assisted endoscopy demonstrated increased en bloc removal and technical success with decreased time and adverse events as compared to conventional techniques.

关键词： Esophageal foreign body food bolus Endoscopy Snares Forceps Assisted devices Capassisted endoscopy

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