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Laser-induced graphene-coated wearable smart textile electrodes for biopotentials signal monitoring

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2024年第1期18卷 95-111页

作者： C.M.Vidhya Yogita Maithani Sakshi Kapoor J.P.Singh Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology DelhiHauz KhasNew Delhi 110016India

This paper describes how to produce a wearable dry electrode at a reasonable cost and how to use it for the monitoring of biopotentials in electrocardiography.Smart textiles in wearable technologies have made a great advancement in the health care management and living standards of humans.Graphene was manufactured using the low-cost single-step process,laser ablation of polyimide,a commercial polymer.Graphene dispersions were made using solvent isopropyl alcohol which has low boiling point,nontoxicity,and environmental friendliness.After successive coating of the graphene dispersion on the cotton fabric to make it conductive,the sheet resistance of the resulting fabric dropped to 3% of its initial value.The laser-induced graphene(LIG)cotton dry electrodes thus manufactured are comparable to Ag/AgCl wet electrodes in terms of the skin-to-electrode impedance,measuring between 78.0 and 7.2 kΩ for the frequency between 40 Hz and 1 kHz.The LIG cotton electrode displayed a signal-to-noise ratio of 20.17 dB.Due to its comfort,simplicity,and good performance over a longer period of time,the textile electrode appears suited for medical applications.

关键词： biopotential electrocardiogram electromyogram flexible electrode textile porous graphene

Recent Progress of electrode Materials for flexible Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第7期14卷 179-208页

作者： Yumeng Xu Zhenhua Lin Wei Wei Yue Hao Shengzhong Liu Jianyong Ouyang Jingjing Chang State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology School of MicroelectronicsXidian University2 South Taibai RoadXi’an 710071People’s Republic of China Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Center for flexible Electronics Xidian University2 South Taibai RoadXi’an 710071People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of EducationInstitute for Advanced Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore7 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117574Singapore

flexible perovskite solar cells(FPSCs) have attracted enormous interest in wearable and portable electronics due to their high power-per-weight and low cost. flexible and efficient perovskite solar cells require the development of flexible electrodes compatible with the optoelectronic properties of perovskite. In this review, the recent progress of flexible electrodes used in FPSCs is comprehensively reviewed. The major features of flexible transparent electrodes, including transparent conductive oxides, conductive polymer, carbon nanomaterials and nanostructured metallic materials are systematically compared. And the corresponding modification strategies and device performance are summarized. Moreover, flexible opaque electrodes including metal films, opaque carbon materials and metal foils are critically assessed. Finally, the development directions and difficulties of flexible electrodes are given.

关键词： flexible electrode flexible perovskite solar cell Carbon nanomaterials Metallic nanostructures Conductive oxide

A 3D porous WP2 nanosheets@carbon cloth flexible electrode for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第3期12卷 425-432页

作者： Mingyu Pi Xiaodeng Wang Dingke Zhang Shuxia Wang Shijian Chen College of Physics Chongqing University Chongqing 401331 China College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 401331 China

Self-standing porous WP2 nanosheet arrays on carbon fiber cloth （WP2 NSs/CC） were synthesized and used as a 3D flexible hydrogen evolution electrode. Because of its 3D porous nanoarray structure, the WP2 NSs/CC exhibits a remarkable catalytic activity and a high stability. By using the experimental measurements and first-principle calculations, the underlying reasons for the excellent catalytic activity were further explored. Our work makes the present WPz NSs as a promising electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution and provides a way to design and fabricate efficient hydrogen evolution electrodes through 3D porous nano-arrays architecture.

关键词： WP2 nanosheet arrays hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst flexible electrode

Utilization of electroless plating to prepare Cu-coated cotton cloth electrode for flexible Li-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2021年第2期40卷 400-408页

作者： Mai Shi Shun Wu Zhen-Dong Han Shuang Li Yu-Ting Pan Shuang Yuan Qiang Wang School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China The State Key Lab of Rolling and Automation and Key Laboratory of Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education)Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China Foreign Studies College of Northeastern University Shenyang110819China

flexible,lightweight and high conductivity substrates are required for the development of next-generation flexible Li-ion batteries(LIBs).In addition,the interfacial strength between the active material and flexible substrate should be optimized for high-performance LIBs.Herein,cotton cloth(CC)is employed as a flexible substrate,and electroless plating is utilized to deposit a layer of Cu nanoparticles,which enhances the conductivity of CC and acts as a precursor for the active material,i.e.,CuO.The results reveal that the in situ etching and subsequent heat treatment converted Cu film into CuO nanowires on CC substrate.Moreover,carbon nano tubes(CNTs)are introduced to enhance the connectivity of CuO nano wires.Consequently,the CuO/CNT/CC electrode rendered a high areal capacity of>700μAh-cm^(-2)after100 charge/discharge cycles as well as excellent rate capability.The current work presents a novel route to develop desirable substrates for next-generation flexible Li-ion batteries.

关键词： Electroless plating Cotton cloth In situ etching CuO nanowires array flexible electrode

Construction of Frame-Structured flexible MXene Film electrode to Achieve High Areal Capacitance Micro-Supercapacitor

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Renewables 2023年第2期1卷 239-252页

作者： Yesheng Wang Yongpeng Cui Dongqing Kong Xiaoning Wang Wenting Feng Pengyun Liu Tonghui Cai Xuejin Li Lianming Zhao Debin Kong Linjie Zhi Qingzhong Xue Zifeng Yan Wei Xing School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil ProcessingChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580 College of New Energy Advanced Chemical Engineering and Energy Materials Research CenterChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580

Two-dimensional MXene-based film materials as flexible electrodes have been widely studied in wearable microsupercapacitors(MSCs).However,the existence of strong van derWaals interactions leads to serious self-stacking ofMXene layers,resulting in poor ionic dynamics and loss of active sites,which causes MXene film electrodes to exhibit low capacitance and poor rate performance in practical studies.To solve this,a frame-structured hybrid film(labeled as CN-MX hybrid film)is constructed by introducing intercalating agents(nanometer g-C_(3)N_(4))into MXene layers.In this unique hybrid film,the g-C_(3)N_(4)nanoparticles rationally occupy the interspace between MXene layers so as to alleviate layer stacking,thus effectively expanding the electrochemically active surface and promoting proton transfer.Synergistic pseudocapacitance inducted by g-C_(3)N_(4)surface groups,consequently,the CN-MX hybrid film electrode achieves an enhanced capacitive capability.In the three-electrode system,this frame-structured film electrode exhibits an ultra-high areal capacitance of 1932.8 mF cm^(−2).The assembled symmetry flexible MSC device based on CN-MX hybrid film can achieve an energy density of 2.28μWh cm^(−2)at 0.075 mW cm^(−2),as well as a superior cyclic stability with 90.4%retention after 700 cycles in alternating 90o bending and releasing states,revealing its potential in practical applications.

关键词： MXene-based film g-C_(3)N_(4) frame-structured high areal capacitance flexible electrode

flexible Au micro-array electrode with atomic-scale Au thin film for enhanced ethanol oxidation reaction

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Nano Research 2021年第1期14卷 311-319页

作者： Xun Cao Dongdong Peng Cao Wu Yongmin He Chaojiang Li Bowei Zhang Changcun Han Junsheng Wu Zheng Liu Yizhong Huang College of Sciencey Hubei University of Technology 28 Nanli RoadHongshan DistrictWuhan 430068China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore International Laboratory for Insulation and Energy Efficiency Materials College of Materials Science and TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics29 Jiangjun AvenueJiangning DistrictNanjing 211100China School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology5 South Zhongguancun StreetHaidian DistrictBeijing 100081China Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing30 Xueyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100083China

The catalysis of Au thin film could be improved by fabrication of array structures in large area.In this work,nanoimprint lithography has been developed tofabricate flexible Au micro-array(MA)electrodes with~100%coverage.Advanced electron microscopy characterisations have directly visualised the atomic-scale three-dimensional(3D)nanostructures with a maximum depth of 6 atomic layers.In-situ observation unveils the crystal growth in the form of twinning.High double layer capacitance brings about large number of active sites on the Au thin film and has a logarithmic relationship with mesh grade.Electrochemistry testing shows that the Au MAs perform much better ethanol oxidation reaction than the planar sample;MAs with higher mesh grade have a greater active site utilisation ratio(ASUR),which is important to build electrochemical double layer for efficient charge transfer.Further improvement on ASUR is expected for greater electrocatalytic performance and potential application in direct ethanol fuel cell.

关键词： atomic-scale three-dimensional(3D)nanostructures atomic-scale active sites in-situ observations flexible electrode ethanol oxidation reaction active site utilisation ratio

A flexible three-dimensional electrode mesh:An enabling technology for wireless brain-computer interface prostheses

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2016年第1期2卷 222-229页

作者： Zhuolin Xiang Jingquan Liu Chengkuo Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3Singapore 117583Singapore Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology(SINAPSE) National University of Singapore28 Medical Drive#05-CORSingapore 117456Singapore Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3Singapore 117583Singapore NUS Suzhou Research Institute(NUSRI) Suzhou Industrial ParkSuzhou 215123China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication Department of Micro/NanoElectronicsShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The neural interface is a key component in wireless brain–computer prostheses.In this study,we demonstrate that a unique three-dimensional(3D)microneedle electrode on a flexible mesh substrate,which can be fabricated without complicated micromachining techniques,is conformal to the tissues with minimal invasiveness.Furthermore,we demonstrate that it can be applied to different functional layers in the nervous system without length limitation.The microneedle electrode is fabricated using drawing lithography technology from biocompatible materials.In this approach,the profile of a 3D microneedle electrode array is determined by the design of a two-dimensional(2D)pattern on the mask,which can be used to access different functional layers in different locations of the brain.Due to the sufficient stiffness of the electrode and the excellent flexibility of the mesh substrate,the electrode can penetrate into the tissue with its bottom layer fully conformal to the curved brain surface.Then,the exposed contact at the end of the microneedle electrode can successfully acquire neural signals from the brain.

关键词： drawing lithography flexible electrode neural interfaces 3D microneedle electrode

Fast ion diffusion alloy layer facilitating 3D mesh substrate for dendrite-free zinc-ion hybrid capacitors

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第10期31卷 565-574,I0014页

作者： Huaming Yu Quanyu Li Wen Liu Han Wang Xuyan Ni Qiwen Zhao Weifeng Wei Xiaobo Ji Yuejiao Chen Libao Chen State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina

Although aqueous zinc ion hybrid capacitors have advantageous integration of batteries and supercapacitors,they still suffer from the inherent problems of dendrite growth and interfacial side reactions on Zn anodes.Herein,a universal fast zinc-ion diffusion layer on a three-dimensional(3 D)mesh structure model is demonstrated to effectively improve Zn plating/stripping reversibility.The fast ion diffusion alloy layer accelerates the Zn^(2+)migration in an orderly manner to homogenize Zn^(2+)flux and overcomes the defects of the commercial mesh substrate,effectively avoiding dendrite growth and side reactions.Consequently,the proof-of-concept silver-zinc alloy modified stainless steel mesh delivers superb reversibility with the high coulombic efficiency over 99.4%at 4 mA cm^(-2)after 1600 cycles and excellent reliability of over 830 h at 1 mA cm^(-2),Its feasibility is also evidenced in commercial zinc ion hybrid capacitors with activated carbon as the cathode.This work enriches the fundamental comprehension of fast zinc-ion diffusion layer combined with a 3 D substrate on the Zn deposition and opens a universal approach to design advanced host for Zn electrodes in zinc ion hybrid capacitors.

关键词： Zinc-ion hybrid capacitors 3D metal mesh flexible electrode Fast ion diffusion Alloy layer Zinc ion kinetics

Constructing a stable cobalt-nitrogen-carbon air cathode from coordinatively unsaturated zeolitic-imidazole frameworks for rechargeable zinc-air batteries

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Nano Research 2022年第7期15卷 5895-5901页

作者： Tingting Wang Meng Liu Somboon Chaemchuen Jichao Wang Ye Yuan Cheng Chen Ang Qiao Francis Verpoort Zongkui Kou State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Zeolitic-imidazole frameworks(ZIFs)derivations have widely emerged as an efficient air cathode of zinc-air batteries(ZABs)due to excellent bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis performance.However,they are not stable enough for long-term operation of rechargeable ZABs because of weak association with current collector,especially under bending conditions for flexible ZAB devices.Here,we show that by purposely designing coordinatively unsaturated ZIFs via a facile morphology regulation,which can be chemically linked on acid-treated carbon cloth,a stable Co-N-C air cathode is therefore derived where Co nanoparticles(NPs)are uniformly confined within the Co-N-C matrix on carbon cloth(Co/Co-N-C/CC).Specifically,when without being stabilized from carbon cloth,the pyrolysis of ZIFs with different unsaturated coordination levels has a negligible impact on the bifunctional oxygen-catalyzed performance.The optimal Co/Co-N-C/CC catalyst assembled ZAB possesses a large open circuit voltage of 1.415 V and a high peak power density of 163 mW·cm^(−2) as well as excellent cycling durability upon 630 discharge–charge cycles with 61%voltage efficiency remained,largely exceeding those of a benchmark Pt/C-IrO_(2) catalyst assembled ZAB.The synergy between Co NPs and active Co-N-C sites via electronic interaction induces the outstanding bifunctional oxygen-catalyzed activity and cathode performance.The present work highlights the importance of unsaturated coordination structures in ZIFs precursors for the performance of derived nanostructures in integrated electrodes.

关键词： coordinatively unsaturated zeolitic-imidazole frameworks(ZIFs) cobalt-nitrogen-carbon bifunctional air electrodes zincair battery flexible electrode