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bed lumped reaction kinetics of a fixed-bed reactor

Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 1997年第1期 53-59页

作者：程振民袁渭康 China) East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 Unilab Research Center of Chemical Reaction Engineering

A third kind of kinetics which is termed bed lumped kinetics is proposed. According to its implicate, all the catalysts contained in a single-tube reactor.are treated as a whole, which is like a large cylindrical pellet. In this manner, the proposed kinetics can be in a much larger space scale than those of the intrinsic kinetics and particle apparent kinetics. bed lumped kinetics is obtained under actual industrial operating conditions. Therefore the reliability of the model parameters can be greatly improved, and it can reduce the uncertainties in extrapolation and will be more suitable in the modeling of a fixed-bed reactor. The calculation of the confidence region and correlation matrix of the parameters under different experimental conditions proves that bed lumped kinetics is a concept for the fixed-bed reactor. with both theoretically tenable and practically achievable properties.

关键词： intrinsic kinetics particle apparent kinetics bed lumped kinetics fixed-bed reactor.

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State estimation for distributed-parameter system——Invariant embedding

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 1996年第1期 117-121页

作者：霍文军袁渭康 China East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 Unilab Research Center of Chemical Reaction Engineering

State estimation of distributed-parameter system is a prerequisite of optimal control for systems of this kind. In chemical industry, a number of reactor. belong to distributed-parameter system, among which the fixed-bed reactor.is a typical one. Nevertheless, only very much limited state variable measurements are allowed in industrial practice. In addition, time delay of the determination is commonly inevitable. The goal of state estimation for a dynamic system is focused on a quick and accurate approach to the

关键词： state estimation invariant embedding distributed parameter system fixed-bed reactor.

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Catalytic Conversion of High Density Polyethylene （HDPE） Polymer as a means of recovering valuable energy content from the plastic wastes

Catalytic Conversion of High Density Polyethylene （HDPE） P...

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2011 International Conference on Petroleum and Sustainable Development（ICPSD 2011）

作者： Almustapha, M. N. Andresen, J. M Energy and Sustainability Research Division Department of Chemical ＆ Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK

A catalytic degradation of High Density Polyethylene （HDPE） polymer was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor.at 400℃using two sulfate modified Zirconium catalysts with aim of obtaining valuable and recyclable liquid products. The onset of degradation has moved from 420℃for HDPE alone to less than 300℃in the presence of the catalysts. The catalyst suppressed the bond energy, as low activation energy of 132.61 and 159.96 KJmol -1 for CAT1 （7%SO 3 ） and CAT2 （3.5% SO 3 ） respectively, was observed. Further results from catalytic degradation shows how the catalysts improved the polymer degradation by achieving high conversion of about 99.8% with CAT1（7%SO 3 ） promoting high percentage of gaseous products（68%） of mainly aromatics and CAT2（3.5%SO 3 ） promoting high liquid products（about 53%） of mainly olefinic compounds. Generally, the carbon number distribution of the liquid products is within the gasoline range with composition of mainly aromatic and olefinic compounds with traces of naphthenic and aliphatic compounds which indicates the applicability of the products both as fuel and industrial raw material. Therefore, the method can be use as an alternative recycling method for converting plastic waste to more valuable energy sources.

关键词： HDPE polymer plastic wastes chemical recycling fixed-bed reactor.

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