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Distribution of microplastics in soil aggregates after film mulching

Soil Ecology Letters 2023年第3期5卷 37-51页

作者： Yuhuai Liu Yingying Zhong Can Hu Mouliang Xiao Fan Ding Yongxiang Yu Huaiying Yao Zhenke Zhu Jianping Chen Tida Ge Jina Ding State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protectionof MARA and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Ningbo Customs Technology Center Ningbo 315012China College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Tarim UniversityAlar 843300China College of Land and Environment Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering School of Environmental Ecology and Biological EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China

Microplastic distribution is non-homogeneous in agricultural soil following plastic film ***,the distribution of microplastics by shape and particle size in different soil aggregates remains *** elucidate the distribution of microplastic shapes and particle sizes in soil aggregates with increasing years of film mulching,four paired fields with film mulching(FM)and no mulching(NM)were examined at 1,5,10,and 20 years after continuous *** increase in soil aggregates of 0.053–0.25 mm diameter was observed;however,soil organic carbon content decreased after long-term *** primarily combined with 0.053–2 mm soil ***,long-term FM was associated with dominance of film-and fiber-shaped microplastics in soil aggregates of 0.25–2 mm and 0.053–0.25 mm diameter,***-and granule-shaped microplastics of 0.25–1 mm diameter primarily combined with 0.053–0.25 and 0.25–2 mm soil aggregates,***-shaped microplastics of diameter>1 mm and diameter 0.05–0.25 mm primarily combined with 0.25–2 mm soil ***,distribution of microplastics in soil aggregates can be used to monitor soil health and quality,greatly enhancing our understanding of the risk posed by microplastics to the environment.

关键词： film mulching microplastic soil aggregate agricultural soil

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Effects of Plastic film mulching of Millet on Soil Moisture and Temperature in Semi-Arid Areas in South Ningxia of China

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2005年第11期4卷 865-871页

作者： LIAO Yun-cheng ZHANG De-qi JIA Zhi-kuan ZHANG Li LU Yang-ming College of Agronomy Northwest A＆F University Yangling 712100 P.R. China

The effects of film mulching of millet on soil water content were studied in semi-arid areas in the Loess Plateau of South Ningxia, China. Different mulching methods including water micro-collecting farming （WF）, water micro-collecting farming in winter fallow （WW）, hole seeding on film （HF）, hole seeding on film in winter fallow （HW） were compared to determine the effects of mulching methods on soil water collecting and conservation during millet growth periods of 2003-2004, as well as the variation tendency of water content after rainfall, output of millet and water use efficiency （WUE）. The experimental results in the two successive years indicated that water micro-collecting farming had a better function of collecting water after rainfall, and side infiltrated water was stored under the ridges and the top layer 0-40 cm soil water changes were great. WF had obvious role in water collection and preservation of soil moisture. It effectively improved the water supply capacity by about 19.05% in the end of growth seasons. The storage of HW and WW increased by 24.9 and 7.1 mm compared with CK, and output of yield were obviously increased. film mulching increased the yield of millet and enhanced water use efficiency （WUE）. During different growth periods, WF exhibited better water storage function with lower water consumption, and demonstrated optimal social and ecological benefits.

关键词： Millet Dynamic change of soil moisture film mulching Water micro-collecting farming

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Effects of film mulching on the Growth of Silage Maize and Weed

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2010年第7期11卷 66-68,98页

作者：郭米娟余成群钟华平姜炎彬仓木拉班洁张玉雷邵小明中国农业大学生物学院北京100193 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100081 西藏日喀则地区草原工作站日喀则857000

[Objective] The aim was to provide scientific reference for the production of silage maize in correlated regions of Tibet.[Method] Effects of film mulching on the growth period,growth traits and yield of silage maize and weed were analyzed.[Result] Under the treatment of film mulching,the growth period of silage maize could be advanced for 7-16 d; the plant length,stem diameter and leaf area were increased; and the grain output was increased by 75.9%.According to the market price of silage maize in 2008,22 500 Yuan/hm^2 was *** were 13 kinds of weeds in silage maize field,which belonged to 13 genera,8 *** them,6 kinds of weeds belonged to Gramineae,among which Echinochloa crusgalli and Setaria viridis were dominated in the weed *** depressa,Eragrostis pilosa and Malva verticillata *** could be totally controlled by the film mulching; meanwhile the others could be also controlled in a certain degree except Echinochloa crusgalli.[Conclusion] The plastic mulching planting is worth popularizing for the developing of animal husbandry and the incoming of the local farmers in Tibet.

关键词： Silage maize film mulching Weed Shigatse

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Degradability of biodegradable plastic films and its mulching effects on soil temperature and maize yield in northeastern China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第2期13卷 146-153页

作者： Wangwang Zhang Lihong Wang Jiaqi Zhou Kunlun Zhu Shijun Sun College of Water Conservancy Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China Shandong Tianzhuang Eco-Benign Plastics Technology Co. LtdJinan 250110China

Plastic film is an important resource in agricultural production,but it takes hundreds of years to degrade completely in natural *** large-scale use of plastic film will inevitably lead to serious environmental *** way to solve the problem is to develop a substitutable mulching film,such as a biodegradable film that can ultimately be decomposed to water,carbon dioxide,and soil organic matter by *** this study,a 2-year experiment was conducted to determine the degradation properties of a biodegradable plastic film,including degradation rate,surface microstructure,tensile strength and elongation at break,and the effects of different mulching treatments on soil temperature and maize *** mulching experiment was conducted with three different biodegradable plastic films with different degradation rates,using a common plastic film and a non-mulched treatment as *** the addition of the additives for degradation in the biodegradable plastic films,the degradation rates increased significantly,which were 7.2%-17.8%in 2017 and 18.1%-35.2%in 2018 after maize ***,the degradation occurred mainly on the ridge *** decrease in tensile strength and elongation was proportional to the degradation rate of the degradable *** SEM results indicated that the surface microstructures of the biodegradable films were loose and heterogeneous after maize *** plastic film mulching increased the soil temperature at soil depths of 5 cm,15 cm,and 25 cm,over the maize’s entire growth period,by 3.1℃-3.2℃ in 2017 and 1.2℃-2.1℃ in 2018 compared with the non-mulched *** biodegradable plastic film increased the maize yield by 10.4%-14.3%in 2017 and 11.6%-24.7%in *** soil temperature and maize yield increases were statistically significant;however,with respect to maize qualities,there were no statistically significant increases among the five *** study shows that biodegradable plastic

关键词： biodegradable plastic film film mulching degradation properties soil temperature maize yield

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Optimizing water management practice to increase potato yield and water use efficiency in North China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第10期22卷 3182-3192页

作者： LI Yang WANG Jing FANG Quan-xiao HU Qi HUANG Ming-xia CHEN Ren-wei ZHANG Jun HUANG Bin-xiang PAN Zhi-hua PAN Xue-biao College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China Agronomy College Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109P.R.China Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences Hohhot 010031P.R.China

Potato is one of the staple food crops in North ***,potato production in this region is threatened by the low amount and high spatial-temporal variation of *** yield and water use efficiency(WUE)of potato by various water management practices under water resource limitation is of great importance for ensuring food security in ***,the contributions of different water management practices to yield and WUE of potato have been rarely investigated across North China’s potato planting *** on meta-analysis of field experiments from the literature and model simulation,this study quantified the potential yields of potatoes without water and fertilizer limitation,and yield under irrigated and rainfed conditions,and the corresponding WUEs across four potato planting regions including the Da Hinggan Mountains(DH),the Foothills of Yanshan hilly(YH),the North foot of the Yinshan Mountains(YM),and the Loess Plateau(LP)in North *** average potential potato tuber dry weight yield by the APSIM-Potato Model was 12.4 t ha^(–1)for the YH region,11.4 t ha^(–1)for the YM region,11.2 t ha^(–1)for the DH region,and 10.7 t ha^(–1)for the LP region,*** rainfed potato tuber dry weight yield accounted for 61,30,28 and 24%of the potential yield in the DH,YH,YM,and LP *** maximum WUE of 2.2 kg m^(–3)in the YH region,2.1 kg m^(–3)in the DH region,1.9 kg m^(–3)in the YM region and 1.9 kg m^(–3)in the LP region was achieved under the potential yield ***-furrow planting could boost yield by 8–49%and WUE by 2–36%while ridge-furrow planting with film mulching could boost yield by 35–89%and WUE by 7–57%across North *** study demonstrates that there is a large potential to increase yield and WUE simultaneously by combining ridge-furrow planting with film mulching and supplemental irrigation in different potato planting regions with limited water resources.

关键词： potential yield irrigated yield rainfed yield ridge-furrow film mulching APSIM

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film-mulched continuous ridge-furrow planting improves soil temperature,nutrient content and enzymatic activity in a winter oilseed rape field,Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第3期10卷 362-374页

作者： GU Xiaobo LI Yuannong DU Yadan Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education Northwest A&F University

film mulching system is a widely employed agricultural practice worldwide. However, the effects of different planting and mulching patterns on soil nutrient content and enzymatic activity have not been well documented. In this study, we examined the impact of four planting and mulching patterns（including control, flat planting without mulching; M1, flat planting with film mulching; M2, ridge-furrow planting with film mulching on both ridges and furrows; and M3, ridge-furrow planting with film mulching on continuous ridges） on the seed yield of winter oilseed rape, soil moisture, soil temperature, soil organic carbon（SOC） content, soil nutrient content, and soil enzymatic activity over three growing seasons from 2012 to 2015 in a winter oilseed rape field in the semi-arid area of Northwest China. Seed yield of winter oilseed rape, soil moisture, soil temperature, enzymatic activities, and contents of nitrate-nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium were all significantly higher in mulching treatments（M1, M2 and M3） than in control treatment over the three growing seasons, whereas SOC content was significantly lower in mulching treatments than in control treatment during 2013–2014 and 2014–2015. Among the three mulching treatments（M1, M2 and M3）, the M3 treatment showed consistently higher seed yield, SOC content, nutrient contents, and enzymatic activities than the other two treatments. Seed yield of winter oilseed rape was 41.1% and 15.0% higher in M3 than in M1 and M2, respectively. SOC content and soil enzymatic activities in the top 0–20 cm soil layers and nitrate-nitrogen content in the top 0–30 cm soil layers were all significantly higher in M3 than in M1 and M2. Therefore, we advise the ridge-furrow planting with film mulching on continuous ridges（i.e., M3） as an efficient planting and mulching pattern for sustainably improving the seed yield of winter oilseed rape and preserving soil fertility in the semi-arid area of Northwest China.

关键词： film mulching soil temperature soil organic carbon soil nutrient content soil enzymatic activity winteroilseed rape Northwest China

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Asymmetric Ridge–Furrow and film Cover Improves Plant Morphological Traits and Light Utilization in Rain-Fed Maize

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2018年第5期32卷 829-838页

作者： Wanlin DONG Hang YU Lizhen ZHANG Ruonan WANG Qi WANG Qingwu XUE Zhihua PAN Zhigang SUN Xuebiao PAN Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Agricultural Meteorological Department College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural University China Meteorological Administration Training Centre Beijing 100081China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 1O0190China Wuchuan Scientific and Observing Experimental Station of Agro-Environment Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Hohhot 011700China Yushu Meteorological Service of Jilin Province Changchun 130061China Texas A&MAgriLife Research and Extension AmarilloTexas 79106-1769USA

Light is one of the most important natural resources for plant growth. Light interception （LI） and use efficiency （LUE） are often affected by the structure of canopy caused by growing pattern and agronomy managements. Agro-nomy practices, such as the ridge-furrow system and plastic film cover, might affect the leaf morphology and then light transmission within the canopy, thus change light extinction coefficient （k）, and LI and LUE. The objective of this study is to quantify LI and LUE in rain-fed maize （Zea Mays L.）, a major cropping system in Northeast China, under different combinations of ridge-furrow and film covering ratios. The tested ridge-furrow system （DRF：＂double ridges and furrows＂） was asymmetric and alternated with wide ridge （0.70 m in width and 0.15 m in height）, narrow furrow （0.10 m）, narrow ridge （0.40 m in width and 0.20 m in height）, and narrow furrow （0.10 m）. Field ex-periments were conducted in 2013 and 2014 in Jilin Province, Northeast China. Four treatments were tested： no ridges and plastic film cover （control, NRF）, ridges without film cover （DRF0）, ridges with 58% film cover （DRF58）, and ridges with 100% film cover （DRFl00）. DRF0 significantly increased LI by 9% compared with NRF, while film cover showed a marginal improvement. Specific leaf area in DRF experiments with film cover was significantly lower than in NRF, and leaf angle was 16% higher than in NRF, resulting in a 4% reduction in k. LUE of maize was not increased by DRF0, but was significantly enhanced by covering film in other DRF experiments, especially by 22% in DRF100. The increase of LUE by film cover was due to a greater biomass production and a lower assimilation portioning to vegetative organs, which caused a higher harvest index. The results could help farmers to optimize maize managements, especially in the region with decreased solar radiation under climate change.

关键词： light interception light use efficiency film mulching plant morphology ridge and furrow cultivation

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Distribution characteristics of plastic film residue in long-term mulched farmland soil

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Soil Ecology Letters 2023年第3期5卷 25-35页

作者： Zhengxin Xu Can Hu Xufeng Wang Long Wang Jianfei Xing Xiaowei He Zaibin Wang Pengfei Zhao College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Tarim UniversityAlar 843300China Modern Agricultural Engineering Key Laboratory at Universities of Education Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Alar843300China College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Soil contamination from film debris following the prolonged application of mulching film has emerged as a worldwide ***,the extent that mulching films contribute to soil microplastics,and the spatial distribution of soil contamination from film debris remain *** this study,the cotton field in Xinjiang(China),which underwent film mulching for a prolonged period of 5−30 years,was selected as the research location.A total of 360 soil samples were collected,aiming to study the spatial distribution characteristics of mulching film debris *** samples were extracted using the density flotation method combined with stereomicroscopic;the source,composition,abundance,and distribution characteristics of soil MPs were identified by the scanning electron microscopic,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic *** soil mulched for a 30 year period,the abundance of microplastics across the studied soil depth(0−60 cm)was 78.51±2.57 n/(100 g).Theμ-FTIR analyses revealed that the composition of the microplastics matched that of polyethylene ***,plastic mulching could be inferred as a major contributor to microplastic pollution in agricultural ***,it is necessary to study the distribution characteristics of plastic film remaining for further study of plastic pollution in farmland soils.

关键词： film mulching Soil contamination film debris Microplastics Long-term exposure

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