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Predicting Surface Roughness and Moisture of Bare Soils Using Multi- band Spectral Reflectance Under field conditions

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Chinese Geographical Science 2018年第6期28卷 986-997页

作者： CHEN Si ZHAO Kai JIANG Tao LI Xiaofeng ZHENG Xingming WAN Xiangkun ZHAO Xiaowei Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130102 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China College of Geoexploration Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun 130026 China

Soil surface roughness, denoted by the root mean square height(RMSH), and soil moisture(SM) are critical factors that affect the accuracy of quantitative remote sensing research due to their combined influence on spectral reflectance(SR). In regards to this issue, three SM levels and four RMSH levels were artificially designed in this study; a total of 12 plots was used, each plot had a size of 3 m × 3 m. Eight spectral observations were conducted from 14 to 30 October 2017 to investigate the correlation between RMSH, SM, and SR. On this basis, 6 commonly used bands of optical satellite sensors were selected in this study, which are red(675 nm), green(555 nm), blue(485 nm), near infrared(845 nm), shortwave infrared 1(1600 nm), and shortwave infrared 2(2200 nm). A negative correlation was found between SR and RMSH, and between SR and SM. The bands with higher coefficient of determination R^2 values were selected for stepwise multiple nonlinear regression analysis. Four characterized bands(i.e., blue, green, near infrared, and shortwave infrared 2) were chosen as the independent variables to estimate SM with R^2 and root mean square error(RMSE) values equal to 0.62 and 2.6%, respectively. Similarly, the four bands(green, red, near infrared, and shortwave infrared 1) were used to estimate RMSH with R^2 and RMSE values equal to 0.48 and 0.69 cm, respectively. These results indicate that the method used is not only suitable for estimating SM but can also be extended to the prediction of RMSH. Finally, the evaluation approach presented in this paper highly restores the real situation of the natural farmland surface on the one hand, and obtains high precision values of SM and RMSH on the other. The method can be further applied to the prediction of farmland SM and RMSH based on satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) optical imagery.

关键词： soil surface roughness soil moisture spectral reflectance field conditions stepwise multiple nonlinear regression

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Quantitative genetic analysis of chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters in maize in the field environments

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第7期56卷 695-708页

作者： Domagoj ?imi? Hrvoje Lepedu? Vlatka Jurkovi? Jasenka Antunovi? Vera Cesar Agricultural Institute Osijek Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Department of Biology Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek

Chlorophyl fluorescence transient from initial to maximum fluorescence （“P”step） throughout two intermedi-ate steps （“J”and“I”）（JIP-test） is considered a reliable early quantitative indicator of stress in plants. The JIP-test is particularly useful for crop plants when applied in variable field environments. The aim of the present study was to conduct a quantitative trait loci （QTL） analysis for nine JIP-test parameters in maize during flowering in four field environ-ments differing in weather conditions. QTL analysis and identification of putative candidate genes might help to explain the genetic relationship between photosynthesis and different field scenarios in maize plants. The JIP-test param-eters were analyzed in the intermated B73 ？ Mo17 （IBM） maize population of 205 recombinant inbred lines. A set of 2,178 molecular markers across the whole maize genome was used for QTL analysis revealing 10 significant QTLs for seven JIP-test parameters, of which five were co-localized when combined＆amp;nbsp;over the four environments indicating polygenic inheritance and pleiotropy. Our results demonstrate that QTL analysis of chlorophyl fluorescence parameters was capable of detecting one pleiotropic locus on chromosome 7, coinciding with the gene gst23 that may be associated with efficient photosynthe-sis under different field scenarios.

关键词： Chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters field conditions intermated B73× Mo17 recombinant inbred lines JIP-test maize (Zeamays L.) quantitative trait loci

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Design and Verification of Selected Technological Procedures for the Repairs of Land Vehicles Combat Damage

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2014年第4期2卷 269-280页

作者： Jan Furch Josef Glos Adam Svasta College of Department Combat and Special Vehicles University of DefenceBrnoCzech Republic

The paper deals with temporary repairs. Applying a different technology, using a reproduction part, or performing a repair by a serviceman without the competence is typical features of temporary repairs. Temporary repair makes possible for an object to fulfil its function for a limited time, until regular repairs can be made. The complexity perplex modern vehicles their reparability. It is necessary to look for the new procedures of the implementation so-called temporary repairs. The authors suggested procedure battle damage assessment and repair, which they expressed in the form of diagrams. There is also description of new technological procedures, which could be possibly applied in field of temporary repairs. These new procedures are applied on land (wheeled and tracked) vehicles parts and their sufficiency for Czech Army conditions is tested. The main purpose of the thesis is defining operating procedures of the most useful methods, including their verifications and proposal of tools needed for repairs. These tools should be included in equipment of vehicles operated in Czech Army. The thesis is primarily focused on repairs of mechanical parts and units and also of reparation of fuel, hydraulic and high pressure systems.

关键词： Battle Damage Assessment and Repair (BDAR) Temporary Repair (TR) field conditions Adhesive Composites

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