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Strigolactone regulates nitrogen-phosphorus balance in rice

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 428-430页

作者： Huwei Sun Hanyun Wang Chengcai Chu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Key Laboratory for Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency of Crops in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Guangzhou 510642

Phosphorus(P) is one of the essential elements for growth and development of *** agriculture depends heavily on the application of large amounts of fertilizers,including P *** application of P fertilizers causes sever... 详细信息

关键词： pollution phosphorus fertilizers

Gas Exchange and Growth of Medicinal Plant Subjected to Salinity and Application of Biofertilizers

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第16期5卷 2520-2527页

作者： Sergiane Beatriz da Silva Mesquita Jose Adriano da Silva Rafael Santiago da Costa Moises Wilkson Nunes dos Santos Claudivan Feitosa de Lacerda Aiala Vieira Amorim Antonio Marcos Esmeraldo Bezerra Universidade da Integracao Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira(UNILAB) Campus da LiberdadeRedencaoBrasil Universidade Federal do Ceará(UFC) FortalezaBrasil

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of biofertilizers and saline waters on gas exchange and growth of medicinal plant Plectrantus amboinicus. The experiment was conducted in the period February to May 2013 in a greenhouse. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement, with two levels of salinity of irrigation water (ECw: 0.7 and 3.1 dS m-1) and four levels of bovine liquid biofertilizer applied to the soil, corresponding to 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% of the soil volume, with five replications. The experiment lasted 60 days, counted from the beginning of the treatments. The stomatal conductance (gs), photosynthesis (A), transpiration (E), intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) were performed at the end of the experiment, and the height, number of leaves and stem diameter at the beginning and at the end. Generally plants subjected to salinity of irrigation water of 3.1 dS m-1 had the lowest values of gas exchange. Moreover, the application of biofertilizers and the interaction between this and salinity did not affect any growth variable studied except the stem length in the final phase which was influenced by salinity at 5% probability by F test. The average values of this variable were 57.22 cm and 69.65 cm when applied water ECw: 0.7 to 3.1 dS m-1, respectively. The application of biofertilizers can reduce the effect of salinity on the final plant height of Plectrantus amboinicus, especially when the plants were fertilized with a dose of 20% of biofertilizers.

关键词： Medicinal Plants Salt Stress fertilizers

Nitrous oxide emissions from a maize field during two consecutive growing seasons in the North China Plain

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第1期24卷 160-168页

作者： Yuanyuan Zhang Junfeng Liu Yujing Mu Zhu Xu Shuwei Pei Xiaoxiu Lun Ying Zhang Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beifing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China School of Economics and Management Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Nitrous oxide （N 2 O） emissions from a maize field in the North China Plain （Wangdu County,Hebei Province,China） were investigated using static chambers during two consecutive maize growing seasons in the 2008 and *** N 2 O pulse emissions occurred with duration of about 10 days after basal and additional fertilizer applications in the both *** average N 2 O fluxes from the CK （control plot,without crop,fertilization and irrigation）,NP （chemical N fertilizer）,SN （wheat straw returning plus chemical N fertilizer）,OM- 1/2N （chicken manure plus half chemical N fertilizer） and OMN （chicken manure plus chemical N fertilizer） plots in 2008 were 8.51,72.1,76.6,101,107 ng N/（m 2 ·sec）,respectively,and in 2009 were 33.7,30.0 and 35.0 ng N/（m 2 ·sec） from CK,NP and SN plots,*** emission factors of the applied fertilizer as N 2 O-N （EFs） were 3.8% （2008） and 1.1% （2009） for the NP plot,3.2% （2008） and 1.2% （2009） for the SN plot,and 2.8% and 2.2% in 2008 for the OM-1/2N and OMN plots,*** properties of the investigated soil （with gley） are in favor of *** large differences of the soil temperature and water-filled pore space （WFPS） between the two maize seasons were suspected to be responsible for the significant yearly *** with the treatments of NP and SN,chicken manure coupled with compound fertilizer application significantly reduced fertilizer loss rate as N 2 O-N.

关键词： nitrous oxide fertilizers wheat straw manure maize field North China Plain

Phospholipid fatty acid patterns of microbial communities in paddy soil under different fertilizer treatments

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第1期19卷 55-59页

作者： ZHANG Qi-chun WANG Guang-huo YAO Huai-ying Department of Natural Resources Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

The microbial communities under irrigated rice cropping with different fertilizer treatments, including control （CK）, PK, NK, NP, NPK fertilization, were investigated using phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） profile method. The results of this study revealed that the fertilizer practice had an impact on the community structure of specific microbial groups. The principal components analysis （PCA） showed that proportion of the actinomycete PLFAs （10Me 18：0 and 10Me 16：0） were the lowest in the PK treatment and the highest in the NPK treatment, which means that soil nitrogen status affected the diversity of actinomycetes, whereas nitrogen cycling was related to the actinomycets. Under CK treatment, the ratio of Gram-positive to Gram-negative bacteria was lower compared with that in fertilizer addition treatments, indicating that fertilizer application stimulated Gram-positive bacterial population in paddy soil. The fatty acid 18：2to6,9, which is considered to be predominantly of fungal origin, was at low level in all the treatments. The ratio of cyl9：0 to 18：1 to7, which has been proposed as an indicator of stress conditions, decreased in PK treatment. Changes of soil microbial community under different fertilizer treatments of paddy soil were detected in this study; however, the causes that lead to changes in the microbial community still needs further study.

关键词： paddy soil fertilizers soil microorganisms community structure PLFA PCA

Collembola communities and soil conditions in forest plantations established in an intensively managed agricultural area

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 1819-1832页

作者： István Harta Barbara Simon Szergej Vinogradov Dániel Winkler Institute of Environmental Science Szent István UniversityGödöllőHungary Institute of Methodology Szent István UniversityGödöllőHungary Institute of Wildlife Management and Vertebrate Zoology University of SopronSopronHungary

The challenges of a changing climate have directed greater attention to afforestation,but the effects of afforestation on soil fertility and soil biota have not been fully *** explore changes in the soil conditions in two 20-year-old forest plantations established in formerly intensively fertilized plots of agricultural land,we focused on the current developmental state of the sites that received the most fertilizer and evaluated soil properties and Collembola(springtails)*** oak(Quercus petraea)and black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia)that had been planted in the afforestation sites were assessed for differences between plantations of native and invasive *** adjacent reference associations,including forests and open habitats,were also analyzed and *** showed that the soils in the two afforested sites were similar in their properties and Collembola communities to those of the control cultivated forests,but differed from each other in pH,calcium,phosphorus,and ammonium *** available potassium and phosphorus contents in the soil of the sessile oak plantation were still high,while the soil organic matter content was adequate(SOM>2.0%)in both *** richness of Collembola ranged from 18 in the cultivated arable land to 43 in the relict *** a few species typical for forests(e.g.,Neanura muscorum,Isotomiella minor,Entomobrya muscorum)were detected in the young plantations,while species characteristic of open habitats(e.g.,Protaphorura campata,Lepidocyrtus cyaneus)occurred as *** more individuals and species of Collembola were present in the soil of young plantations than in arable fields,their community diversities were significantly lower compared to the control forest *** community diversity differed significantly also between the two plantation types(with native and non-native tree species).Mean abundance in the afforested sites was about 2.5 times higher than in the cultiv

关键词： Afforestation Diversity fertilizers Soil fauna Soil properties Springtails

Potassium Fractions in Soils as Affected by Monocalcium Phosphate,Ammonium Sulfate,and Potassium Chloride Application

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Pedosphere 2010年第3期20卷 368-377页

作者： WANG Huo-Yan, ZHOU Jian-Min, DU Chang-Wen and CHEN Xiao-Qin State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China) State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China)

Soil potassium （K） deficiency has been increasing over recent decades as a result of higher inputs of N and P fertilizers concomitant with lower inputs of K fertilizers in China; however, the effects of interactions between N, P, and K of fertilizers on K status in soils have not been thoroughly investigated for optimizing N, P, and K fertilizer use efficiency. The influence of ammonium sulfate （AS）, monocMcium phosphate （MCP）, and potassium chloride application on K fractions in three typical soils of China was evaluated during 90-d laboratory soil incubation. The presence of AS significantly altered the distribution of native and added K in soils, while addition of MCP did not significantly affected K equilibrium in most cases. Addition of AS significantly increased water-soluble K （WSK）, decreased exchangeable K （EK） in almost all the soils except the paddy soil that contained considerable amounts of 2：1 type clay minerals with K added, retarded the formation of fixed K in the soils with K added, and suppressed the release of fixed K in the three soils without K added. These interactions might be expected to influence the K availability to plants when the soil was fertilized with AS. To improve K fertilizer use efficiency, whether combined application of AS and K was to be recommended or avoided should depend on K status of the soil, soil properties, and cropping systems.

关键词： fertilizers K availability K fixation K release

Automated Irrigation System Using Improved Fuzzy Neural Network in Wireless Sensor Networks

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第1期35卷 853-866页

作者： S.Sakthivel V.Vivekanandhan M.Manikandan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sona College of TechnologySalem 636005TamilnaduIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Adhiyamaan College of EngineeringHosur 635109TamilnaduIndia

Irrigation plays a significant role in various agricultural cropping methods deployed in semiarid and arid regions where valuable water applications and managing are considered crucial *** factors such as weather,soil,water,and crop data need to be considered for irrigation maintenance in an efficient besides uniform manner from multifaceted and different information-based systems.A Multi-Agent System(MAS)has been proposed recently based on diverse agent subsystems with definite objectives for attaining global MAS objective and is deployed on Cloud Computing paradigm capable of gathering information from Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)positioned in rice,cotton,cassava crops for knowledge discovery and decision *** radial basis function network has been used for irrigation ***,in recent work,the security of data has not focused on where intruder involvement might corrupt the data at the time of data transferring to the cloud,which would affect the accuracy of decision *** handle the above mentioned issues,an efficient method for irrigation prediction is used in this *** factors considered for decision making are soil moisture,temperature,plant height,root *** above-mentioned data will be gathered from the sensors that are attached to the *** data will be forwarded to the local server,where data encryption will be performed using Adaptive Elliptic Curve Cryptography(AECC).After the encryption process,the data will be forwarded to the *** the data stored in the cloud will be decrypted key before being given to the deci-sion-making ***,the uniform distribution-based fuzzy neural network is formulated based on the received data information in the decisionmaking *** decision regarding the level of water required for cropfields would be *** on this outcome,the water volve opening duration and the level of fertilizers required will be *** results demons

关键词： Irrigation multi-agent system precision irrigation accuracy elliptic curve cryptography encryption wireless sensor networks fertilizers

Beyond the Green Revolution: Improving crop productivity and sustainability by modulating plant growth-metabolic coordination

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Molecular Plant 2022年第4期15卷 573-576页

作者： Qian Liu Kun Wu Yunzhe Wu Wenzhen Song Shuoxun Wang Xiangdong Fu State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Rice is one of the most important staple food for over half the world's *** evidence from the Food and Agriculture Organization shows that the number of hungry people in the world is growing,reaching more than 690 million in *** is an urgent task to increase crop production to feed the people suffering from chronic hunger in the *** Green Revolution of the 1960s boosted cereal yields through widespread adoption of semi-dwarf varieties and extensive use of inorganic fertilizers(Khush,2001).Today,the most productive Green Revolution varieties(GRVs)of rice and wheat in the world retain semi-dwarf phenotypes,which have several advantages over tall traditional varieties:(1)they have a lower center of gravity of the plant body,which decreases the risk of lodging and allows farmers to apply excessive fertilizers to obtain high yield;(2)they have an increased harvest index,which enables plants to allocate more energy and resources to seed production。

关键词： dwarf coordination fertilizers

Alanine aminotransferase(OsAlaAT1)modulates nitrogen utilization,grain yield,and quality in rice

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第5期49卷 510-513页

作者： Liangbing Fang Liuyang Ma Shaolu Zhao Ruijie Cao Guiai Jiao Peisong Hu Xiangjin Wei State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Center for Rice ImprovementChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouZhejiang 310006China

Widespread use of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers has increased yields of many grains, including rice (Oryza sativa L.);however, fertilizers are costly for farmers and cause serious environmental problems, such as soil acidification and water eutrophication (Guo et al., 2010, 2021;Liu et al., 2021). Improving nitrogen use efficiency(NUE) in rice offers a practical way to enhance grain yield and alleviate the environmental problems caused by overuse of nitrogen fertilizer. Identifying and characterizing genes involved in NUE provides crucial information for this aim.

关键词： soil grain fertilizers