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CLIMATE-CHANGE-INDUCED TEMPORAL VARIATION IN PRECIPITATION INCREASES NITROGEN LOSSES FROM INTENSIVE CROPPING SYSTEMS: ANALYSIS WITH A TOY MODEL

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第3期9卷 457-464页

作者： Peter MVITOUSEK Xinping CHEN Zhenling CUI Xuejun LIU Pamela AMATSON Ivan ORTIZ-MONASTERIO GPhilip ROBERTSON Fusuo ZHANG Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA College of Resources and Environment and Academy of Agricultural SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400716China College of Resources&Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Earth System Science Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) El BatanTexcoco 56237Mexico W.K.Kellogg Biological Station and Department of PlantSoil and Microbial SciencesMichigan State UniversityHickory CornersMI 49060USA.

A simple‘toy’model of productivity and nitrogen and phosphorus cycling was used to evaluate how the increasing temporal variation in precipitation that is predicted(and observed)to occur as a consequence of greenhouse-gasinduced climate change will affect crop yields and losses of reactive N that can cause environmental damage and affect human *** model predicted that as temporal variability in precipitation increased it progressively reduced yields and increased losses of reactive N by disrupting the synchrony between N supply and plant N ***,increases in the temporal variation of precipitation increased the frequency of floods and *** of this model indicate that climate-change-driven increases in temporal variation in precipitation in rainfed agricultural ecosystems will make it difficult to sustain cropping systems that are both high-yielding and have small environmental and human-health footprints.

关键词： crop yield fertilizer timing nitrogen loss precipitation variability toy model

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Yield and Grain Quality Response of Spring Wheat Varieties to Irrigation and Fertility Management

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第7期14卷 939-953页

作者： Nanthana Chaiwong Chanakan Prom-u-thai Michael Ostlie Department of Agriculture Bangkok Thailand Division of Agronomy Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty of Agriculture Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand Lanna Rice Research Center Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand Carrington Research Extension Center North Dakota State University Carrington ND USA

Experiments were conducted in 2020 and 2021 in North Dakota to determine the effects of foliar and soil applied fertilizers, variety and irrigation on yield and grain quality of spring wheat. Foliar application of N did not consistently increase yield and protein indicating the soil N levels were adequate to optimize yield. The variety Bolles had higher protein content than Faller. Zinc (Zn) content in the grain was greatest when applied at either flowering or post anthesis. It was also found to be correlated with grain protein content. Yield and grain protein content were negatively related. There was no consistent effect of phosphorous or Zn when applied to the soil on yield, protein, gluten, or Zn content in the grain. Zinc concentration in the grain was significantly correlated with the protein, gluten and P content of the grain. The timing of Zn application was critical to the success of translocating Zn to the grain. Grain Zn concentration increased with most late season foliar Zn applications to both varieties indicating potential for enriching spring wheat nutrient content through production management practices already common in areas that grow spring wheat.

关键词： Zinc Gluten fertilizer timing Nitrogen Phosphorus

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