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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2022年第4期29卷 665-676页

作者： Jian Han Lian-meng Liu Xin-ya Chen Min-fang Chen Lei Cui Yang-chuan Cai Yin-bao Tian School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

An innovative grade of ferritic stainless steel,ultra-pure 18Cr–2Mo thick plate,was designed and produced for special industrial application.In order to maintain its mechanical properties after joining,three advanced joining methods,hybrid laser arc welding,activated flux tungsten inert gas welding and friction stir welding,were selected and conducted to connect the thick plates.The feasibility of three joining methods,the microstructure and mechanical properties were compared,and the results have demonstrated that the sound joint was successfully produced using the selected parameters through friction stir welding.The obtained hardness and impact toughness of the weld zone were satisfying.In terms of activated flux tungsten inert gas welding,the crack will be created due to microstructural brittleness.And as for hybrid laser arc welding,the weld zone is narrow,and the addition of wire during welding for the top weld metal area leads to higher formation ratio of low-angle grain boundaries,which is beneficial to performance of the joint.However,there is still a weak area in the fusion line of the welded joint.The result has illustrated that the welding of innovative ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel thick plate by friction stir welding is feasible.

关键词： Ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel Hybrid welding Activated flux tungsten inert gas Friction stir welding Microstructural evolution Mechanical property

Formation of FeMo_2B_2 phase in boron containing 9Cr-1.5Mo ferritic steels

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Rare Metals 2006年第Z2期25卷 213-219页

作者： JUNG Woo-Sang HONG Suk-Woo SONG Sang-Min SOOK-In Kwun CHUNG Soon-Hyo Materials Science & Technology Division Korea Institute of Science & Technology Seoul 136-791 Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul 136-713 Korea

The segregation and diffusion of boron during heat treatments were studied. The influence of boron contents, aging time and applied stress on FeMo2B2 formation was also studied. Finally, the effects of boron contents and FeMo2B2 formation on the high temperature strength were studied. Boron atoms were segregated to prior austenite grain boundary during normalizing treatment. And these boron atoms were slowly diffused into the grain interior during tempering and aging at 700 ℃. The FeMo2B2 phase was only formed after 1,000 h aging at 700 ℃ in alloy containing 196 ppm boron. The formation of FeMo2B2 phase is accelerated by the applied stress. It was expected that the formation of FeMo2B2 is closely related to the redistribution of boron atoms. The tensile strengths at 700 ℃ are increased with the increase of boron contents. However, the formation of FeMo2B2 phase results in lower tensile strength.

关键词： 9Cr-1.5Mo ferritic steels precipitation behavior boron effect FeMo2B2 phase tensile strength

Intergranular corrosion behavior and mechanism of the stabilized ultra-pure 430LX ferritic stainless steel

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第8期35卷 1787-1796页

作者： Peize Cheng Ning Zhong Nianwei Dai Xuan Wu Jin Li Yiming Jiang Department of Materials Science Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Institute of Marine Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Maritime University Shanghai 201306 China

Intergranular corrosion(IGC) behavior of the stabilized ultra-pure 430 LX ferritic stainless steel(FSS) was investigated by using double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation(DL-EPR) and oxalic acid etch tests to measure the susceptibility of specimens given a two-step heat treatment. The results reveal that IGC occurs in the specimens aged at the temperature range of 600–750℃ for a short time. The aging time that is required to cause IGC decreases with the increase of aging temperature. A longer aging treatment can reduce the susceptibility to IGC. The microstructural observation shows that M(23)C6 precipitates form along the grain boundaries, leading to the formation of Cr-depleted zones. The presence of Cr-depleted zones results in the susceptibility to IGC. However, the atoms of stabilizing elements replace chromium atoms to form MC precipitates after long-time aging treatment, resulting in the chromium replenishment of Cr-depleted zones and the reduction of the susceptibility to IGC.

关键词： Intergranular corrosion ferritic stainless steel Double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) TEM Cr-depleted zone

High-temperature fatigue behavior of 15CrNbTi ferritic stainless steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2019年第3期26卷 285-291页

作者： Tian-long Liu Li-jia Chen Hong-yun Bi Xin Che School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang University of Tech no logy Shenyang 110870 Liaoning. China Baosteel Central Research Institute Baosteel Co..Ltd.Shanghai 201900China

In order to investigate the high-temperature fatigue and fatigue-creep behavior of 15CrNbTi ferritic stainless steel at 800°C,fatigue tests without holding time in laboratory air and with 10 s holding time induced at maximum cyclic stress under argon atmosphere were conducted on an electrohydraulic servo fatigue testing machine.In addition,the morphologies of fatigue fracture surfaces were observed,and the precipitates and dislocation substructures were characterized.The experimental results show that the fatigue limit of 15CrNbTi ferritic stainless steel is 30 MPa at 800°C.The fatigue life of the experimental steel obviously decreases if holding time of 10 s is introduced at maximum cyclic stress.Under two test conditions,the fatigue cracks transgranularly initiate at the free surface of fatigue specimens and then propagate in a transgranular mode.It is dem on strated that three kinds of precipitates inclu ding(Nb,Ti)C phase,Fe2Nb phase and Fe3Nb3C phase can be observed in 15CrNbTi ferritic stainless steel,and the Fe2Nb and Fe3Nb3C phases are mainly precipitated during the fatigue tests.In the fatigue deformation area,both dislocation tangles and dislocation arrays are observed.Furthermore,the sub-grains which form during the cycling deformation with holding time of 10 s are also found.Moreover,the formation of sub-grains leads to the deterioration of the fatigue life of 15CrNbTi steel.

关键词： ferritic stainless steel-High-temperature fatigue Holding time Fatigue fracture Precipitate Dislocation substructure

Cavity Swelling in Three ferritic-Martensitic Steels Irradiated by 196 MeV Kr Ions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第12期30卷 83-86页

作者：李远飞申铁龙高星姚存峰魏孔芳孙建荣李炳生朱亚滨庞立龙崔明焕常海龙王霁朱卉平胡碧涛王志光 Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000

We report on cavity swelling at peak damage regions of three ferritic-martensitic(FM)steels(NHS,RAFM and T91)irradiated by 196 MeV Kr ions at different temperatures(450/550℃).Cavity configurations of the irradiated specimens are investigated by transmission electron microscopy with cross-section technique.For home-made reduced activation ferritic-martensitic(RAFM)and T91 steels irradiated at 450℃,both large size and bimodal size distribution of the cavity are found in their peak damage regions,whereas novel high silicon(NHS)steel exhibits good swelling resistance at different irradiation temperatures.Temperature relativity of the cavity swelling in NHS,RAFM and T91 steels is discussed briefly.

关键词： martensitic ferritic steel

Effect of W addition on hot deformation and precipitation behaviors of 19Cr2Mo ferritic stainless steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2019年第5期26卷 425-434页

作者： Hou-long Liu Ming-yu Ma Ling-ling Liu Liang-liang Wei Li-qing Chen State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 Liaoning China

The hot deformation behavior of 19Cr2Mo and 19Cr2Mo1W ferritic stainless steels was studied by using uniaxial hot compression tests on a thermomechanical simulator. The hot deformation was carried out at temperature ranging from 800 to 1150℃ and strain rates from 0.01 to 10 s^-1. Microstructure change and precipitation behavior during hot deformation were investigated by optical microscopy, electron probe microanalysis and transmission electron microscopy. The effects of temperature and strain rate on deformation behavior were obtained by a classical equation in Zener-Hollomon parameter. Since W addition to 19Cr2Mo1W steel could refine the size of the precipitates to enhance the precipitation strengthening and also had the effect of solution strengthening, the dynamic recrystallization, dynamic recovery and grain growth of 19Cr2Mo1W ferritic stainless steel were inhibited to a certain extent. The precipitate size of 19Cr2Mo1W steel was finer than that of 19Cr2Mo steel under the same deformation condition, which is due to the fact that the atomic diffusion is suppressed by W addition. W addition increased the amount of Laves phase in 19Cr2Mo1W steel, and thus Laves phase in 19Cr2Mo1W steel could be formed at higher temperature than that in 19Cr2Mo steel.

关键词： ferritic stainless steel Tungsten Hot deformation behavior Microstructure evolution Precipitation Laves phase

Solidification structure refinement of ferritic stainless steel based on heterogeneous nucleation technology

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2019年第2期26卷 137-147页

作者： Xiao-fang Shi Li-zhong Chang Li Zhou School of Metallurgy Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa'anshan 243032AnhuiChina Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Emission Reduction and Resources Recycling(Anhui University of Technology) Ministry of EducationMa'anshan 243002AnhuiChina

The ridging defect on the surface of stainless steel products is related to the solidification structure of ferritic stainless steel.Refining the solidification structure and increasing the proport io n of equiaxed grains are necessary to lesse n the ridging defect.Therefore,a new idea of using a heterogeneous nucieating agent which was composed of the composite core containing Ti was proposed,that is,a large amount of dispersed fine particles were initially formed on the solidification front,and a great amount ofδiron was then nucleated using these fine particles as the heterogeneous cores.Through analyzing the crystallographic relationship between different crystals and inducing the calculation formulas of disregistry,the disregistry between the different oxides and TiNδiron was explored and the type of nucleation core was determined.The key parameters of forming the composite core containing Ti were obtained through a thermodynamic calculatio n.The experimental results further con firm the correctness of the theoretical analysis.

关键词： ferritic stainless steel Structure refinement Disregistry Heterogeneous nucleation Thermodynamics Solidification

Texture Evolution, Formability and Ridging Resistance of a Sn-bearing ferritic Stainless Steel Under Different Hot Band Annealing Temperatures

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2019年第11期32卷 1362-1372页

作者： Tong He-Dan Guo Yang Bai Tong He Dan Guo Xiu-Ting Liu Fang-Yuan Shao Yan-Dong Liu Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials of Ministry of Education Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Research Academy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

The microstructure, texture evolution and spatial orientation distribution during cold rolling and the subsequent annealing as well as formability and ridging of a Sn-bearing ferritic stainless steel under different hot band annealing temperatures were investigated. The four hot bands with annealing temperatures of 900, 950, 1000 and 1050 °C were all cold-rolled to 80% reductions and then were annealed at the same temperature of 900 °C. The results show that optimizing hot band annealing process is benefi cial to reduce the amount of {001} grains and weaken the texture intensity, and thus, to reduce ridging and improve formability. In the present study, the fi nal sheets with hot band annealing temperature of 900 °C possess small and inhomogeneous grains with a large amount of {001} orientations, which deteriorates the formability and increases the ridging. In comparison, the fi nal sheets with hot band annealing temperature of 950 °C are comprised of uniform and equiaxed //ND(ND: normal direction) recrystallized grains with a high texture intensity favorable for the improvement in r value and surface quality. However, when hot band annealing temperature further increases to 1000 and 1050 °C, it shows a sharp decrease in r value and a remarkable increase in ridging as a result of a reduction in γ-fi ber texture intensity and an increase in grain size in the fi nal sheets. Suitable controlling and optimizing hot band annealing process is essential to improve the formability and reduce the ridging.

关键词： ferritic stainless steel Texture Formability Ridging

Microstructure, Mechanical Property and Corrosion Resistance Property of Cr26Mo3.5 Super ferritic Stainless Joints by P-TIG and Laser Welding

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2016年第5期22卷 451-457页

作者：胡绳荪庞杰申俊琦伍文勇刘腊腊 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Joining Technology Tianjin University School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University

The characteristics of microstructure, mechanical property and corrosion behavior of Cr26Mo3.5 super stainless steel joints by pulse tungsten inert gas(P-TIG)welding and laser welding were investigated. The results indicate that the widths of the center equiaxed grain zone(EGZ)and the columnar grain zone(CGZ)increase with the increase of heat input in both welding processes. The precipitates of Nb and Ti carbides and nitrides are formed in the weld metal(WM)and the heat affected zone(HAZ). The joints by laser welding show better tensile and corrosion resistance properties than those by P-TIG welding due to the heat concentration and lower heat input. The tensile strength and elongation increase with the decrease of heat input, and the fracture mode of the joints turns into ductile-brittle mixed fracture from ductile fracture when the welding method turns into P-TIG welding from laser welding. Moreover, the corrosion resistance of all joints declines slightly with the increase of heat input. Hence, laser welding is more suitable for welding Cr26Mo3.5 super stainless steel in engineering applications.

关键词： P-TIG welding laser welding super ferritic stainless steel microstructure mechanical property corrosion resistance property

Activating Flux Design for Laser Weldingof ferritic Stainless Steel

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2014年第6期20卷 429-434页

作者： Ma Li School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Joining Technology Tianjin 300072China Research Institute Baoshan Iron & Steel Co.Ltd.Shanghai 200431China

The behaviors of YAG laser welding process of ferritic stainless steel with activating fluxes were investigatedin this study. Some conventional oxides, halides and carbonates were applied in laser welding. The resultsshowed that the effect of oxides on the penetration depth was more remarkable. Most activating fluxes improved thepenetration more effectively at low power than that at high power. The uniform design was adopted to arrange theformula of multicomponent activating fluxes, showing that the optimal formula can make the penetration depth up to2.23 times as large as that without flux, including 50% ZrO2, 12.09% CaCO3, 10.43% CaO and 27.48% MgO. Throughthe high-speed photographs of welding process, CaF2 can minimize the plasma volume but slightly improve the penetrationcapability.

关键词： ferritic stainless steel laser welding activating flux