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Effects of radiation and chemotherapy on adipose stem cells: Implications for use in fat grafting in cancer patients

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第8期13卷 1084-1093页

作者： Rebecca Platoff Miguel A Villalobos Ashleigh Rapp Hagaman Yuan Liu Martha Matthews Michael E DiSanto Jeffrey P Carpenter Ping Zhang Department of Surgery Cooper University Health CareCamdenNJ 08103United States Department of Surgery Cooper Medical School of Rowan UniversityCamdenNJ 08103United States Department of Biomedical Sciences Cooper Medical School of Rowan UniversityCamdenNJ 08103United States

Autologous fat transplantation is a versatile tool in reconstructive ***-derived stem cells(ASCs)increase survival of fat grafts and thus are increasingly used for breast reconstruction in breast cancer ***,radiation and/or chemotherapy have been proposed to inhibit soft tissue regeneration in wound healing thus suggesting alteration in stem cell ***,elucidating effects of radiation and chemotherapy on ASCs is critical if one desires to enhance the survival of fat grafts in *** review outlines our work evaluating the function and recoverability of ASCs from radiation or chemotherapy patients,focusing specifically on their availability as a source of autologous stem cells for fat grafting and breast reconstruction in cancer *** though evidence suggests radiation and chemotherapy negatively influence ASCs at the cellular level,the efficiency of the isolation and differentiation capacity did not appear influenced in patients after receiving chemotherapy treatment,although fat from radiated patients exhibited significantly altered ASC differentiation into endothelial-like ***,the in vitro growth rates of patient’s ASCs do not differ significantly before or after *** together,these studies suggest ASCs as an important new tool for grafting and reconstruction even when radiation and chemotherapy treatment are involved.

关键词： fat grafting Breast reconstruction Stem cells Breast cancer Radiation Chemotherapy

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Current state and exploration of fat grafting

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Chinese Journal Of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2021年第4期3卷 209-212页

作者： Chen Cheng Yun Xie Qingfeng Li Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China

fat grafting has become one of the most frequently used techniques in plastic and reconstructive *** studies have focused on optimizing procedures,such as donor site selection,harvesting,processing,and *** basic techniques include Coleman’s and“3L3M”techniques.A new technique called compartment-based targeted fat grafting(CTFG)has gradually been established based on anatomical findings of the facial and hand *** achieved precise restoration of the fat volume in the anatomical ***-based fat grafting has introduced new fields involving tissue repair and regeneration,including facial rejuvenation and scar improvement,among *** this review,we summarize the timeline for the development of fat grafting.

关键词： fat grafting fat compartment Regenerative treatment

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fat grafting for Rejuvenation and Regeneration with Stromal Vascular Fraction Gel

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Chinese Journal Of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2020年第3期2卷 181-186页

作者： Wenqing JIANG Yunjun LIAO Feng LU Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China.

Lipotransfer has become a powerful regenerative tool,largely because of its cellular components,the stromal vascular fraction(SVF).However,the clinical separation of cells with collagenase is strictly *** 2017,Yao et *** a novel fat-derived product mechanically concentrating SVF cells and an extracellular matrix(ECM)and named it stromal vascular fraction gel(SVF-gel).This review discussed the protocol of SVF-gel and its component as well as its inner *** histologic examination and the retention rate after the transplantation of SVF-gel were also ***,we summed up the rejuvenating and regenerative use of SVF-gel and introduced its possible mechanism.

关键词： fat grafting Stromal vascular fraction Rejuvenation Regeneration Cell-based therapy

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Anti-fibrotic effect of adipose-derived stem cells on fibrotic scars

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2022年第2期14卷 200-213页

作者： Sophie Vanderstichele Jan Jeroen Vranckx Master in Medicine KUL Leuven UniversityLeuven 3000Belgium Department of Plastic Reconstructive SurgeryKU-Leuven University HospitalsLeuven 3000Belgium

BACKGROUND Sustained injury,through radiotherapy,burns or surgical trauma,can result in fibrosis,displaying an excessive deposition of extracellular matrix(ECM),persisting inflammatory reaction,and reduced *** increasing recognition of fibrosis as a cause for disease and mortality,and increasing use of radiotherapy causing fibrosis,stresses the importance of a decent anti-fibrotic *** To obtain an in-depth understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying fibrosis,and more specifically,the potential mechanisms-of-action of adiposederived stomal cells(ADSCs)in realizing their anti-fibrotic *** A systematic review of the literature using PubMed,Embase and Web of Science was performed by two independent *** The injection of fat grafts into fibrotic tissue,releases ADSC into the ***’capacity to directly differentiate into key cell types(e.g.,ECs,fibroblasts),as well as to secrete multiple paracrine factors(e.g.,hepatocyte growth factor,basis fibroblast growth factor,IL-10),allows them to alter different mechanisms underlying fibrosis in a combined *** favor ECM degradation by impacting the fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation,favoring matrix metalloproteinases over tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases,positively influencing collagen organization,and inhibiting the pro-fibrotic effects of transforming growth factor-β***,they impact elements of both the innate and adaptive immune response system,and stimulate angiogenesis on the site of injury(through secretion of pro-angiogenic cytokines like stromal cell-derived factor-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor).CONCLUSION This review shows that understanding the complex interactions of ECM accumulation,immune response and vascularization,is vital to fibrosis treatments’effectiveness like fat *** details how ADSCs intelligently steer this complex system in an anti-fibrotic or pro-angiogenic direction,without falling in

关键词： Fibrosis fat grafting Adipose-derived stem cells Angiogenesis Anti-fibrotic effect Immunomodulation

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Breast cancer-related lymphedema: focus on surgical treatment

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2020年第3期7卷 47-56页

作者： Maria Luisa Nardulli Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns Breast Reconstruction UnitPerrino HospitalBrindisi 72100Italy

Breast cancer-related lymphedema(BCRL)can affect breast cancer patients,especially after axillary surgery and radiation treatment,for *** line treatment is conservative and involves physical therapy and *** requires absolute,life-long compliance with treatment by the patient and,in some cases,it is *** recent years,surgery has emerged as a possible alternative or even,complementary therapy for *** most commonly reported techniques are reconstructive or debulking *** procedures are aimed at restoring the lymphatic pathways and can be effective early in the disease process,when increased arm volumes are mostly due to the accumulation of protein-rich fluid in the interstitial *** more advanced stages,where fibrotic and hypertrophic adipose tissues are dominant,debulking techniques such as liposuction can be recommended.A standard of care for the treatment of BCRL has not been ***,different techniques can be combined to optimize clinical outcomes,and the surgical approach must be individualized for each patient,based on sound clinical and imaging *** surgical treatment remains a challenging topic that requires further study before it can be standardized.

关键词： Breast cancer-related lymphedema vascularized lymph node transfer lymphaticovenous anastomosis liposuction fat grafting

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Comparison of adipose particle size on autologous fat graft retention in a rodent model

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2020年第2期7卷 51-63页

作者： Xiaonan Yang Francesco M.Egro Taraneh Jones W.Vincent Nerone Michael Yousefpour Jeffrey A.Gusenoff J.Peter Rubin Lauren E.Kokai Department of Plastic Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA 15213USA No.16 Department of Plastic Surgery Plastic Surgery HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Chemical Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213USA McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine PittsburghPA 15219USA

Aim:Unpredictable retention outcomes remain a significant issue in autologous fat grafting *** cannula variation leads to variability in fat particle *** data suggest that the size of fat particles is closely related to graft healing outcomes;however,this remains a point of contention due to potential confounding variables such as tissue trauma with *** aim of this study was to compare autologous fat grafting outcomes with variable fat particle sizes in an animal model which isolated fat particle size as the primary experimental *** overall goal of this work was to determine if reducing fat particle size is an effective method for enhancing graft retention in autologous fat ***:The range of fat particle diameter harvested by four common liposuction cannulas was quantified to define relevant small and large particle target *** determine if particle size impacted nutrient and oxygen permeability,small and large particles were incubated in vitro in a spinner flask with an abundance of culture media and vascular endothelial growth factor secretion was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent ***,small and large fat grafts were prepared from subcutaneous mouse fat pads and grafted in syngeneic Balb/CJ *** and volume retention were evaluated at 1,4,8,and 12 *** analysis with Masson's trichrome and perilipin immunofluorescent staining was ***-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed foradipogenic,inflammatory and apoptotic ***:The range of fat particle diameters harvested with four commonly used cannulas was 2-7 *** vitro studies showed that 5-7-mm particles had significantly increased VEGF secretion normalized to weight,indicating increased tissue hypoxia in these particles compared to 2-4-mm ***,in vivo comparison in two unique studies showed 2-4-mm and 5-7-mm fat particles had comparable graft retention(P=0.5329).

关键词： fat grafting particle size lipofilling lipoharvesting adipocyte viability clinical translation

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Cryopreserved fat: our clinical experience and applications

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2020年第5期7卷 47-56页

作者： Masanori Ohashi The Clinic Tokyo Minato-kuTokyo 106-0031Japan

Aim:Cryopreservation of fat is an effective method for repeat fat grafting,but there are few reports about the clinical use of cryopreserved *** aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness and safety of cryopreserved fat for clinical ***:Between Aug 2015 and Dec 2018,we investigated 590 patients who underwent fat harvesting at our *** harvested fat was cryopreserved at a temperature of-196°C at a cell processing center and injections were performed in our ***:Of the 590 patients studied,216(312 cases)have undergone fat injections so *** augmentations using harvested fat,such as facial and breast augmentations,were performed on 180 *** 84 patients,harvested fat was utilized only for revitalization/fertilization purposes,such as to improve skin *** were no severe complications in any ***,volume maintenance was rarely *** rejuvenation effects were comparable to that in cases using fresh ***:The clinical use of cryopreserved fat is thought to be safe and effective.

关键词： Cryopreserved fat frozen fat fat grafting skin rejuvenation

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Composite augmentation phalloplasty:personal experience after 275 patients

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2015年第1期2卷 27-33页

作者： Juan Monreal Consultant Plastic Surgeon Hospital MoncloaAvenida de Valladolid8328008 MadridSpain

Aim:To report the author’s experience in augmentation phalloplasty by studying a retrospective series of patients who underwent fat grafting for girth enhancement or a composite technique based on suspensory ligament release plus fat grafting performed ***:The author analyzed retrospectively the outcomes of 275 augmentation phalloplasty procedures performed in 259 patients until November *** these,127 correspond to girth augmentation with fat grafting and 148 to composite augmentation phalloplasty(girth augmentation with fat grafting and length improvement by suspensory ligament release).In 16 patients girth and length enhancement were performed in two separate ***:Of this 259 patients,87 underwent postoperative follow-up for at least 12 months and 160 patients underwent follow-up for at least 6 *** average increase in circumference at 6 months was 1.7 cm(1.57 cm at 12 months)and the average increase in length of 3.2 cm(3.1 cm at 12 months).Twenty-two patients showed minor complications that were treated without sequelae and without influencing the final ***:By judicious use of currently available techniques,it is possible to achieve stable increases in penis *** use of composite techniques provides better final results than the use of individual techniques performed alone due to the increase of the actual volume of the *** adequate informed consent is essential in all patients due to the unrealistic expectations expressed by the majority of them.

关键词： Adipose tissue fat grafting lipofilling penis augmentation

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