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Preliminary study on the mechanisms of ankle injuries under falling and impact conditions based on the THUMS model

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第3期7卷 518-527页

作者： Zhengdong Li Jianhua Zhang Jinming Wang Ping Huang Donghua Zou Yijiu Chen Department of Forensic Medicine School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Shanghai Key laboratory of Forensic Medicine Academy of Forensic ScienceMinistry of JusticeShanghaiChina

Ankle injuries are common in forensic practice,which are mainly caused by falling and traffic accidents.Determining the mechanisms and manners of ankle injuries is a critical and challenging problem for forensic experts.The identification of the injury mechanism is still experience-based and strongly subjective.There also lacks systematic research in current practice.In our study,based on the widely used Total Human Model of Safety 4.0(THUMS 4.0),we utilized the finite element(FE)method to simulate ankle injuries caused by falls from different heights(5 m,10 m and 20 m)with different landing postures(natural posture,inversion,eversion,plantar-flexion and dorsi-flexion)and injuries caused by impacts from different directions(anterior-posterior,lateral-medial and posterior-anterior)with different speeds(10 m/s,15m/s and 20m/s)at different sites(ankle and lower,middle and upper sections of leg).We compared the injury morphology and analyzed the mechanisms of ankle injuries.The results showed that falling causes a specific compression fracture of the distal tibia,while fractures of the tibia and fibula diaphysis and ligament injuries caused by falling from a lower height or inversion,planter flexion or dorsiflexion at a large angle are not distinguishable from the similar injury patterns caused by impact on the middle and upper segments of the leg.No obvious compression fracture of the tibia distal was caused by the impacts,whereas ligament injuries and avulsion fractures of the medial or lateral condyle and fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia and fibula were observed.Systematic studies will be helpful in reconstructing the ankle injury processes and analyzing the mechanisms in forensic practice,providing a deeper understanding of ankle injury mechanisms for forensic experts.

关键词： Forensic sciences ankle injuries fall and impact injury finite element analysis injury biomechanisms

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网络天下

大众软件 2011年第20期 27-28页

作者： fall Ark 浙江

说起信息时代获取信息最大的矛盾，奠过于每当从网上下载好了来之不易的长篇电子文本，却总提不起兴趣来细看。仿佛终究是纸质读物才能让人静下心来钻研。在这个厕上、车上、饭桌上的读书时间也逐渐被智能手机与微博信息所侵占的年代．... 详细信息

说起信息时代获取信息最大的矛盾，奠过于每当从网上下载好了来之不易的长篇电子文本，却总提不起兴趣来细看。仿佛终究是纸质读物才能让人静下心来钻研。在这个厕上、车上、饭桌上的读书时间也逐渐被智能手机与微博信息所侵占的年代．不知你会选择在什么样的时刻，拿起这本杂志呢？无论如何。希望能在这段短暂的阅读中，给你带来一点独特的感受。---------——fall

关键词：网络信息时代电子文本网上下载智能手机 fall

Reactive Response of Older Tennis Practitioners and Healthy Young People in Relation to Balance Perturbations

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第1期4卷 82-90页

作者： Nathana Alves de França Lucca Zambuzzi Nardin do Nascimento Caluê Papcke Eduardo Mendonça Scheeren Graduate Program on Health in Technology Pontifical Catholic University of ParanáSt.Imaculada Conceição1155Prado VelhoCuritibaParaná80215-901Brazil Physical Education Pontifical Catholic University of ParanáSt.Imaculada Conceição1155Prado VelhoCuritibaParaná80215-901Brazil

Background Improving balance control in older adults is one of the main objectives of fall prevention programs,and tennis could represent a promising way to train balance control.Objective To verify whether older tennis players have similar reactive response characteristics to balance perturbations to those of healthy young people.Methods Fifteen young people(23.00±1.96 years)and twelve older people(69.08±3.82 years),remained in an orthostatic position,with their arms at their sides,on a force platform during ten mediolateral perturbations.The surface electromyo-graphy signal of the gluteus maximus,tibialis anterior,gastrocnemius lateralis,and vastus lateralis muscles was acquired on the dominant side.Results The velocity and amplitude parameters of the center of pressure displacement were similar between the groups,as well as the amplitude of the electromyography signal of the tibialis anterior,vastus lateralis,and gastrocnemius lateralis muscles.There was a statistical difference between the groups in the gluteus maximus muscle in the first perturbation.Conclusions Older tennis players present similar center of pressure velocity performance and amplitude of center of pres-sure displacement behavior to young people.Older tennis players have an increased range of muscle activation,generating automatic postural responses adapted to deal with situations of balance perturbations.

关键词： Adaptation fall Postural control Seniors Tennis

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fall

小学生时代（大嘴英语） 2022年第10期 26-28页

作者： Yolanda Z 不详

这边在说自己“跌倒”,那边却谈起了“秋天”,这是怎么一回事?fall一词让松鼠们摸不着头脑,却难不倒M豆,接下来就为你揭晓它的多重“身份”!

关键词： fall fall 松鼠

Study on Age and Education Level and Their Relationship with fall-Related Injuries in Shanghai, China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2013年第2期26卷 79-86页

作者： LI Yan Hong SONG Gui Xiang YU Yan ZHOU De Ding ZHANG Hong Wei Department of Injury Prevention and Control Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control&Prevention Department of Vital Statistics Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control&Prevention Department of Epidemiology Second Military Medical University

Objective To study age and educational level and their relationship with fall-related injuries in Shanghai and to analyze the relevant costs. Methods Multistage cluster sampling was used for the selection of participants and standardized questionnaires were used for the information collection in 2006. Information on cases and deaths caused by fall-related injuries were obtained from 494 hospitals as well as from the mortality registry systems from 2001 till 2010. Results Of 45 857 participates, 674 suffered from fall-related injuries with the largest proportion among all injuries. The fall-related mortality increased from 10.63 per 100 000 in 2001 to 14.11 per 100 000 in 2010. The under-five mortality rate was the highest among children aged 0-14 years. Mortality increased dramatically among those aged 55 or above for the female and aged 60 or older for the male. Individuals with an educational level under the primary school were more likely to suffer fall-related injuries, accounting for 72.66% of all deaths and 49.24% of nonfatal cases respectively. The annual burden of fall-related injuries equated to 25.90% of the share of GDP for the healthcare, social security and welfare industries in 2006. Conclusion fall-related injuries were inversely related to victims＇ educational level. Children under the age of 5, women over 55 years old and men over 60 years old with an educational level lower than the primary school are the most risky groups of populations for intervention measures.

关键词： fall Injury Education Costs Mortality

Evaluating the short-term effect of ambient temperature on non-fatal outdoor falls and road traffic injuries among children and adolescents in China: a time-stratified case-crossover study

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第9期17卷 105-113页

作者： Hao Zheng Jian Cheng Hung Chak Ho Baoli Zhu Zhen Ding Wencong Du Xin Wang Yang Yu Juan Fei Zhiwei Xu Jinyi Zhou Jie Yang Department of Environmental Health Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjing 210009China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease Hefei 230032China Department of Anaesthesiology School of Clinical MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Noncommunicable Diseases Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjing 210009China Department of Child and Adolescent Health Promotion Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjing 210009China School of Public Health University of QueenslandQueensland 4006Australia

studies have suggested that non-optimal temperatures may increase the risk of injury,epidemiological studies focusing on the association between temperature and non-fatal injury among children and adolescents are limited.Therefore,we investigated the short-term effect of ambient temperature on non-fatal falls and road traffic injuries(RTIs)among students across Jiangsu Province,China.Meteorological data and records of non-fatal outdoor injuries due to falls and RTIs among students aged 6–17 were collected during 2018–2020.We performed a time-stratified case-crossover analysis with a distributed lag nonlinear model to examine the effect of ambient temperature on the risk of injury.Individual meteorological exposure was estimated based on the address of the selected school.We also performed stratified analyses by sex,age,and area.A total of 57322 and 5455 cases of falls and RTIs were collected,respectively.We observed inverted U-shaped curves for temperatureinjury associations,with maximum risk temperatures at 18℃(48th of daily mean temperature distribution)for falls and 22℃(67th of daily mean temperature distribution)for RTIs.The corresponding odds ratios(95%confidence intervals)were 2.193(2.011,2.391)and 3.038(1.988,4.644)for falls and RTIs,respectively.Notably,there was a significant age-dependent trend in which the temperature effect on falls was greater in older students(P-trendfalls and RTIs.Our findings may help advance tailored strategies to reduce the incidence of outdoor falls and RTIs in children and adolescents.

关键词： Ambient temperature fall Road traffic injury Student China

Comparison of ISS, NISS, and RTS score as predictor of mortality in pediatric fall

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Burns & Trauma 2017年第3期5卷 209-214页

作者： Kapil Dev Soni Santosh Mahindrakar Amit Gupta Subodh Kumar Sushma Sagar Ashish Jhakal Department of Trauma Surgery and Critical Care Jai Prakash Narayan Trauma Centre AIIMS New Delhi India

Background:Studies to identify an ideal trauma score tool representing prediction of outcomes of the pediatric fall patient remains elusive. Our study was undertaken to identify better predictor of mortality in the pediatric fall patients. Methods:Data was retrieved from prospectively maintained trauma registry project at level 1 trauma center developed as part of Multicentric Project—Towards Improving Trauma Care Outcomes (TITCO) in India. Single center data retrieved from a prospectively maintained trauma registry at a level 1 trauma center, New Delhi, for a period ranging from 1 October 2013 to 17 February 2015 was evaluated. Standard anatomic scores Injury Severity Score (ISS) and New Injury Severity Score (NISS) were compared with physiologic score Revised Trauma Score (RTS) using receiver operating curve (ROC). Results:Heart rate and RTS had a statistical difference among the survivors to nonsurvivors. ISS, NISS, and RTS were having 50, 50, and 86% of area under the curve on ROCs, and RTS was statistically significant among them. Conclusions: Physiologically based trauma score systems (RTS) are much better predictors of inhospital mortality in comparison to anatomical based scoring systems (ISS and NISS) for unintentional pediatric falls.

关键词： Pediatric fall Trauma score system ISS NISS RTS

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2021年第2期24卷 115-119页

作者： Khalil Kimiafar Maryam Farrokhi Fereshte Manouchehri Monazah Majid Khadem-Rezaiyan Masoumeh Sarbaz Department of Medical Records and Health Information Technology School of Paramedical SciencesMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran Department of Medical Informatics Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran Department of Community Medicine and Public Health School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran

Purpose:Trauma has been called the neglected disease of modern society.According to WHO,fall is the second major cause of trauma or deaths resulting from unintentional accidents.The aim of this study was to investigate the different types of fall according to International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision(ICD-10)in hospitalized patients visiting specialized accident and trauma hospitals of Mashhad,Iran.Methods:This was a cross sectional retrospective study performed between March 20,2013 and March 20,2014.The research population consisted of all medical records of patients for fall injuries in three specialized accident and trauma hospitals.ICD-10 was adopted to categorize all types of falls(w00-w19).The results obtained were analyzed by SPSS 16.Results:Altogether 7,448 cases were included.The codes w18(fall on same level)and w09(fall involving playground equipment)with the frequencies of 1,856 and 1,303,respectively in both genders had the maximum number of falls.The maximum percentage of mortality has been related to“fall on and from ladder”,“fall from cliff”and“fall on same level involving ice and snow”.Conclusion:As falls can cause irrecoverable injuries including mortality of people,thus health authorities and policymakers should take preventive measures given the causes of falls and the root of this type of injuries,so that the costs resulting from this cause and its injuries can be reduced.

关键词： Inpatient fall Trauma

Case study and design of steel set support for aged belt entry rehabilitation

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第1期28卷 101-106页

作者： Kevin Jinrong Ma John Stankus Keystone Mining Services LLC

In order to access remote reserve areas, some U.S.coal mines have to maintain aged underground entries for a great distance.However, high humidity, warm temperature, and time dependent deterioration can cause progressive roof deterioration and unexpected roof falls, and pose a great challenge to ground control engineers.With an active belt structure in place and limited space, re-bolting becomes very costly, less effective,and, sometimes, impractical and unfeasible.To gain long-term entry stability and serviceability, operators typically rehabilitate the aged belt entries by installing standing steel set supports.In the last several years,Keystone Mining Services, LLC,(KMS) has assisted many coal mines with their belt entry rehabilitation projects, evaluated the ground condition of various aged belt entries, and designed different standing steel set support systems.This paper presents a case study of a large-scale roof fall that occurred at an aged belt entry in a mine located in an eastern coalfield, analyzes root causes of excessive deformation of square sets that were installed in an adjacent entry, evaluates the adequacy of an existing rehabilitation square set, and develops remedial recommendations for future rehabilitation practice.Based on the case study, the paper outlines design guidelines for rehabilitation steel sets that include field evaluation, engineering considerations, design assumptions, steel structural analysis, and field installation quality control.

关键词： Coal mine Roof fall Belt entry Rehabilitation Steel set support