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Comprehensive Study on the Basis of eye Blink, Suggesting Length of Text Line, Considering Typographical Variables the Way How to Improve Reading from Computer Screen

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Advances in Internet of Things 2013年第1期3卷 9-20页

作者： Muzammil Khan Khushdil Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Swat Saidu Sharif Pakistan Institute of Business and Computer Mgt Sciences Department of Computer Science Agriculture University Peshawar Pakistan

The advent and extensive use of computer and increasing development of different technologies it is important to increase the awareness of issues related to the electronic text or text presentation on computer screen. The usage of web shows the importance of usability and readability of the web applications or sources provide by the web and web textual contents. Web application fails to encounter the user’s requirements in effective manner specially related to textual information, because the designers are unaware from some of the important factors effecting readability, reading from the screen. In this regard, this study is the continuation of the previous work that has been done for the improvement of readability, to handle the readability issues on the basis of eye Blink for male participants and female participants. To achieve general recommendations for suitable or optimum length of text line for all type of users on the bases of eye blink. Basically during reading from the computer screen focus losses at two positions, when eye blink in the middle of text line and when text line ends. The study specifies suitable length of text line on the basis of eye Blink, assuming three typographical variables i.e. font style, font color, font size, and with white background, which improve the overall readability or reading from computer screen. The study also shows two important things the degree of understandability and the degree of attractive appearance of different combination.

关键词： Readability Text Line Length Understandability Appearance eye Blink Typographical Variable Reading from Screen

Lower Lid Entropion Secondary to Missed Intraorbital Foreign Body in a Child

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2016年第4期6卷 198-204页

作者： Othman Khairuddin Abdul Rashid Suraida Li Min Evelyn Tai Hussein Adil Ahmad Tajudin Liza-Sharmini Ibrahim Mohtar Department of Ophthalmology School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus Kubang Kerian Malaysia Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia Kubang Kerian Malaysia

Background: Intraorbital foreign bodies can result in various complications if not appropriately managed. Aim: To report a case of lower lid entropion secondary to a missed intraorbital foreign body. Case Presentation: A 7-year-old boy presented with inward turning of the left lower lid for three days prior to admission. A week before, the child was in the garden when part of the roof of their home suddenly broke off, with pieces of the debris falling near him. He complained of left eye irritation, but a visit to a general practitioner found no eye abnormalities. Three days after that, the mother sought an ophthalmology opinion as she noticed inversion of the left lower lid. On examination, visual acuity in both eyes was 6/6. There was left lower lid entropion, and a deeply embedded foreign body seen in the lower lid. No other eye abnormalities noted. Computed tomography scan of the orbits revealed a welldefined foreign object in the lower orbit, fracturing the antero-superior wall of the left maxillary sinus. The left eye foreign body was removed uneventfully via a transconjunctival approach. Conclusion: A thorough examination is mandatory in any case of ocular trauma especially in young children, who are usually unable to provide a clear history of the injury.

关键词： eye eye Injuries eye Foreign Bodies Child Entropion

The Neurotic Men: A Neo-Freudian Interpretation of The Bluest eye

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海外英语 2016年第6期 138-,140页

作者：董雨晨 School of Foreign Languages Yunnan University

The Novel The Bluest eye portrays several male characters who behave in neurotic ways. The Neo-Freudian psychoanalysis is employed to analyse Cholly, Junior and Soaphead Church, suggesting that they have the neurotic needs for power, affection and withdrawal respectively, thus helping develop the utilization of Neo-Freudian theory in the study of this novel.

关键词： The Bluest eye Neurosis Male Characters

Evaluating alternative stem cell hypotheses for adult corneal epithelial maintenance

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第2期7卷 281-299页

作者： John D West Natalie J Dorà J Martin Collinson Genes and Development Group Centre for Integrative PhysiologyCollege of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Edinburgh Institute of Medical Sciences School of Medical SciencesCollege of Life Sciences and MedicineForesterhillUniversity of Aberdeen

In this review we evaluate evidence for three different hypotheses that explain how the corneal epithelium is maintained. The limbal epithelial stem cell(LESC)hypothesis is most widely accepted. This proposes that stem cells in the basal layer of the limbal epithelium, at the periphery of the cornea, maintain themselves and also produce transient(or transit) amplifying cells(TACs). TACs then move centripetally to the centre of the cornea in the basal layer of the corneal epithelium and also replenish cells in the overlying suprabasal layers. The LESCs maintain the corneal epithelium during normal homeostasis and become more active to repair significant wounds. Second, the corneal epithelial stem cell(CESC) hypothesis postulates that, during normal homeostasis, stem cells distributed throughout the basal corneal epithelium, maintain the tissue. According to this hypothesis, LESCs are present in the limbus but are only active during wound healing. We also consider a third possibility, that the corneal epithelium is maintained during normal homeostasis by proliferation of basal corneal epithelial cells without any input from stem cells. After reviewing the published evidence, we conclude that the LESC and CESC hypotheses are consistent with more of the evidence than the third hypothesis, so we do not consider this further. The LESC and CESC hypotheses each have difficulty accounting for one main type of evidence so we evaluate the two key lines of evidence that discriminate between them. Finally, we discuss how lineage-tracing experiments have begun to resolve the debate in favour of the LESC hypothesis. Nevertheless, it also seems likely that some basal corneal epithelial cells can act as long-term progenitors if limbal stem cell function is compromised. Thus, this aspect of the CESC hypothesis may have a lasting impact on our understanding of corneal epithelial maintenance, even if it is eventually shown that stem cells are restricted to the limbus as proposed by the LESC hypothesis.

关键词： eye Cornea Corneal epithelium Limbalepithelium Stem cell Lineage tracing

原型裂变、次范畴化下英汉多义词“eye”和“眼”的对比分析

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原型裂变、次范畴化下英汉多义词“EYE”和“眼”的对比分析

作者：张丽君北京林业大学

学位级别：硕士

一词多义现象一直是语言学家研究的热门课题之一。到目前为止,学者们对多义词的研究主要分为三个学派:形式主义、结构主义和认知主义。通过学习总结国内外对多义词研究的现有文献及资料,笔者发现在认知领域,原型裂变及次范畴化可以很好... 详细信息

一词多义现象一直是语言学家研究的热门课题之一。到目前为止,学者们对多义词的研究主要分为三个学派:形式主义、结构主义和认知主义。通过学习总结国内外对多义词研究的现有文献及资料,笔者发现在认知领域,原型裂变及次范畴化可以很好地解释一词多义现象,而国内学者对此研究则相对较少。因此本文试图以原型裂变和次范畴化为理论基础,从认知语言学的角度,对英汉多义词“eye”和“眼”进行对比分析以揭示英汉民族的认知取向差异,为英汉多义词对比研究提供一个新方法。在原型裂变和次范畴化的理论基础上,本文从三个角度——实体特征、实体功能和语言功能,分别分析了英汉多义词“eye”和“眼”各个义项的形成及次范畴的产生过程,并将二者进行对比。通过研究,本文得出“eye”和“眼”的引申义从基本义中分裂或转换而来并可形成次范畴和次原型,其手段主要是隐喻和转喻,次原型可既是主范畴的成员又是次范畴的原型,体现了成员角色的双重性。英汉民族基于身体名词“眼”的认知取向相同点多于不同点。同一层级上,分裂而来的义项比转换而来的义项同主原型的关系更密切。引伸义同基本义之间的意义节点数量会影响它们的关系密切程度,意义节点越多,它们的关系越不密切,英汉差异就越大。

关键词： eye 眼原型分裂原型转换次范畴化

FEM Approach for Transient Heat Transfer in Human eye

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Applied Mathematics 2013年第10期4卷 30-36页

作者： Gokul K. C. Dil Bahadur Gurung Pushpa Raj Adhikary Department of Natural Sciences (Mathematics) School of Science Kathmandu University Kavre Nepal

In this paper, a bio-heat transfer model of temperature distribution in human eye is discussed using appropriate boundary conditions for cornea and sclera. Variational finite element method with Crank-Nicolson scheme is used to calculate the transient temperature distribution in normal human eye. The temperature with and without the effect of blood perfusion and metabolism on retina is simulated and compared for various ambient temperatures, evaporation rates and lens thermal conductivities. The obtained results are compared with experimental results and past results found in literatures. The results show that the steady state corneal temperature is achieved in around 31 and 45 minute of exposure at ambient temperatures 10℃ and 50℃ respectively. Steady state eye temperature is achieved earlier at higher evaporation rate. Similar result is achieved for higher lens thermal conductivity and also for lower ambient temperature.

关键词： Human eye Bio-Heat Transfer FEM Numerical Simulations

Three-dimensional anthropometry in periorbital region

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Annals of eye Science 2021年第1期6卷 53-63页

作者： Yongwei Guo Alexander C.Rokohl Ming Lin Ludwig M.Heindl eye Center Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Department of Ophthalmology University of CologneFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneCologneGermany Department of Ophthalmology Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Center for Integrated Oncology(CIO)Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Duesseldorf CologneGermany

Anthropometry can analyze the size,weight,and proportion of the human body objectively and quantitatively to supplement the visual assessment.Various non-invasive three-dimensional(3D)anthropometric techniques have been applied to assess soft tissues’3D morphology in the clinical practice.Among them,non-invasive stereophotogrammetry and laser scanning techniques are becoming increasingly popular in craniofacial surgery and plastic surgery.They have been applied for craniofacial growth estimation and morphometric investigation,genetic and acquired malformation diagnosis,as well as orthodontic or surgical treatment arrangement and outcome evaluation.However,few studies have been published for assessing the 3D morphology of soft tissues in the periorbital region.This paper reviews the studies involving the application and evaluation of the increasingly popular 3D photogrammetry in the periorbital region.These studies proposed detailed and standardized protocols for three-dimensionally assessing linear,curvilinear,angular,as well as volumetric measurements,and verified its high reliability in the periorbital region(even higher than caliper-derived direct measurements).In the future,reliable and accurate 3D imaging techniques,as well as standardized analyzing protocols,may find applications in following up morphological growth,preoperatively diagnosing and assessing patient periorbital conditions,planning surgical procedures,postoperatively evaluating treatment outcomes of a specific procedure,and comparing the differences in surgical results between various procedures,studies,as well as populations.

关键词： Three-dimensional(3D) photogrammetry periorbital soft tissue eye face

Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Revealed by Ophthalmologic Complications: A Report of One Case in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2015年第4期5卷 290-295页

作者： Caroline Yonaba Aichatou Djibo Chantal Zoungrana Angèle Kalmogho Ousseine Diallo Patrice Tapsoba Noufounikoun Méda Ludovic Kam Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouedraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Type 1 neurofibromatosis is an inherited multisystem neurocutaneous disease predisposing to tumors development. Serious skin and ophthalmologic complications, although rare, can occur throughout life. Furthermore in children, unawareness of early symptoms may delay diagnosis. We report the case of A.T. 8 years old, admitted for exophthalmosis and facial deformity dating back to the age of 2 years. The diagnosis of neurofibromatosis was suspected in the presence of light brown skin spots scattered all over the body and subcutaneous nodules. Ophthalmologic examination revealed bilateral exophthalmosis, eyelids neurofibromas, blepharoptosis, Lisch nodules, corneal edema, and optic atrophy. Head CT scan clarified the nature and the extent of ophthalmologic lesions. Treatment was symptomatic. Neurofibromatosis is rarely reported in children in our setting;it is probably under diagnosed. Clinicians should think of this diagnosis in presence of certain specific symptoms and make a clinical assessment.

关键词： Neurofibromatosis eye Complications Children Burkina Faso

Metaphors and Symbols in The Bluest eye

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海外英语 2015年第4期 249-250页

作者：杨雯淇吉林师范大学外国语学院

Toni Morrison as a great African-American writer produces many perfect novels. In her novels the shining points not only lie in the internal full-bodied black cultural tradition, but also lie in the absorption of the black folk oral literature and a great number of African myth and legend. She also gets influences from the skill of the Western Magical Realism of which the most important things are the use of metaphors and symbols. There are a lot of extremely profound symbolic images in Toni Morrison's novels. The Bluest eye is the typical representation of these shining points. Above all, there is a great significance to analyze the symbolic images for achieving a deeper understanding of Toni Morrison's novels.

关键词： Toni Morrison metaphor symbolic image The Bluest eye