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Aromatic Moieties from Matured Chicken Manure and Agriculture Residues Compost Suppress Growth of Lepidium sativum L. and Trichoderma harzianum

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Pedosphere 2013年第6期23卷 826-834页

作者： LUO Yi-Hong ZHANG Dong-Qing YU Guang-Hui SHEN Qi-Rong Agricultural Ministry Key Lab of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste UtilizationCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural University Baoshan Environmental Protection Bureau

To better understand the role of organic matter(OM)prepared from chicken manure and agriculture residues compost on the growth of plants(Lepidium sativum L.)and antagonistic fungi(Trichoderma harzianum),we analyzed the structure and composition of extracted OM using fluorescence excitation-emission matrix(EEM)spectroscopy and solid-state13C cross-polarization magic-anglespinning nuclear magnetic resonance(13C CPMAS NMR)*** results showed that the EEM contours of water-extracted OM(WEOM)and alkali-extracted OM(AEOM)were ***,solid-state13C CPMAS NMR spectroscopy demonstrated that water extraction could not proportionally pull out aromatic moieties(112–145 ppm)from compost,but the alkali method in proportion extracted both carbohydrates(65–85 ppm)and aromatic *** results suggest that AEOM may better reflect the bulk OM composition of compost,and one should be cautious when applying WEOM as an alternative indicator of total compost *** investigations demonstrated that,compared to carbohydrates,aromatic moieties played a predominant role in growth suppression of Lepidium sativum *** and Trichoderma harzianum.

关键词： excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy extracted organic matter fluorescence reginal integration analysis nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

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Influencing factors and significance of organic and inorganic nitrogen isotopic compositions in lacustrine sedimentary rocks

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第2期14卷 27-39页

作者： Juan Chen Jianfa Chen Lipeng Yao Qingyong Luo Shengbao Shi Jianping Chen Lei Zhu Zeya Chen Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf(Nanning Normal University) Ministry of EducationNanning 530001China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China

Comprehensive nitrogen biogeochemical cycle has been reconstructed for representative lacustrine organic-rich sedimentary rock in China,namely the Triassic Yanchang Formation(YF,199–230 Ma)in Ordos and the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation(QF,86–92 Ma)in Songliao basins,by evaluating the organic and inorganic nitrogen isotopic compositions rather than only organic or bulk nitrogen isotopic *** results indicate that the nitrogen isotope values of bulk rock(δ^(15)N_(bulk))in the non-metamorphic stage are significantly different from that of kerogen,which challenge the conceptual framework of sedimentary nitrogen isotope ***δ^(15)N_(bulk)from the YF and QF were lower than their respective the nitrogen isotope values of kerogen(δ^(15)N_(ker)),with offsets up to5.1‰,which have the inverse relationship for the metamorphosed *** evolution did not significantly modify the d15N of bulk rock and *** d15N of sediments from the YF(δ^(15)N_(bulk),1.6‰–5.6‰)were lower than that of rock from the QF(δ^(15)N_(bulk),10.2‰–15.3‰).The nitrogen isotope values of silicate incorporated nitrogen(δ^(15)N_(sil))were slightly lower than those of the d15Nker in the YF and obviously lower for the *** fact that different nitrogen cycles occur in the YF and QF due to the different depositional redox conditions leads to different isotopic *** YF water environment dominated by oxic conditions is not conducive to the occurrence of denitrification and anammox,and no abundant N2 loss leads to the relatively lightδ^(15)N_(bulk).In the stratified water for the QF,redox transition zone promotes denitrification and anammox,resulting in the heavyδ^(15)N_(bulk)of rock and promotes the DNRA,resulting in heavyδ^(15)N_(ker)and lowδ^(15)N_(sil).

关键词： Nitrogen isotopes Bulk rock Kerogen extracted organic matter Thermal maturation Nitrogen biogeochemical cycle

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