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Development course of separating rare earths with acid phosphorus extractants: A critical review

Journal of Rare Earths 2019年第5期37卷 468-486页

作者： Deqian Li State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

This paper reviews the development course of separating rare earths with acid phosphorus extractants,including extraction chemistry(thermodynamics and kinetics), separation process and industrial application, the loss... 详细信息

关键词： Rare earths Acid phosphorus extractants Extraction chemistry Separation process Loss/Degradation of extractants

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Preparation of Microcapsules by Drying-in-liquid with a [(O_Ⅰ/W_Ⅰ)/O_Ⅱ]/W_Ⅱ Multi-emulsion

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2002年第4期18卷 438-440页

作者： ZHANG Rong-changNormal College of Sciences, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, P. R. China Normal College of Science Beihua University 吉林 132013

The microencapsulation of the extractant was studied by drying-in-liquid with a [(O_Ⅰ/W_Ⅰ)/O_Ⅱ]/W_Ⅱ multi-emulsion. The microcapsules were characterized by the release efficiency of the extractants to discuss the effect of Tween 60, gelatin, and EC on the experimental results. The size dispersity of microcapsules with the different concentrations of gelatin was also discussed. The results show that microcapsules with good membrane tension for several extractants can be obtained with this method.

关键词： Microcapsule Emulsion Drying-in-liquid method EC extractants

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Influence of Modifiers, extractants, and Trappers on Lipid Composition with Liquids in Standard State Extraction, Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Trapping by Supercritical Fluid Extraction, Part II

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International Journal of Analytical Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography 2017年第4期5卷 87-95页

作者： Ilia Brondz Norwegian Drug Control and Drug Discovery Institute (NDCDDI) AS Ski Norway

Modifiers have a broad array of influences on extraction with liquids in standard state, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), trapping by SFE and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). They can significantly change the qualitative and quantitative results. Quantitative and qualitative results can be influenced by different extractants and modifiers in different ways as it was shown by Brondz et al. at 2007 in “The real nature of the indole alkaloids in Cortinarius infractus: Evaluation of artifact formation through solvent extraction method development”, J. Chromatography A, 1148, 1-7. The choice of correct extractant, modifier, and trapper to the bulk mobile phase for supercritical fluids (SFs) or for liquids in subcritical or in the liquids in standard state is a challenge in any extraction procedure. This is the second paper in a sequence that describes the influence of extractants and modifiers on the performance of SFs and results of extraction with liquids in standard state and SFE. Here, attention is given to possible mistakes in qualitative and quantitative results by poor understanding of the influence of extractants, modifiers, and trappers on extraction and trapping process by a careless choice of extractant, modifier, and trapper for extraction with liquids in standard state and SFE. The SF chosen for discussion in the paper is CO2. However, similar effects can be observed with use of other SFs and fluids in subcritical and standard states. In this paper, the discussion of lipids, fatty and carboxylic acids have been chosen as target analytes for extraction, trapping and analysis. Some examples from extraction with liquids in the standard state and trapping in the supercritical state (collection) have been furnished with the wrong extractant, modifier, or trapper which is presented for illustration of inappropriate choice of extractants, modifiers, and trappers.

关键词： Modifiers extractants Trappers Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Supercritical Fluid Extraction Extraction with Liquids in Standard State Lipids Fatty Acids Carboxylic Acids Extraction of Fatty and Carboxylic Acids

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