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Mass transport model of ions within biofilms under the effect of external field

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第3期18卷 604-609页

作者： WANG Jun TANG Xue-xi College of Life Science and Technology Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China

A mass transport model was developed to predict the transport rate of ions within biofilms, which was experimentally verified using the fluxes of NH4^＋ and Ca^2＋ through the heterotrophic biofilms with the thickness varying from 230 to 1430μm under the effect of external field in the range of-20 V/m to 60 V/m. It is found that the result predicted by the model is in agreement with the experimentally obtained one, with the error less than 5 percent for the thin biofilms. The error increases with the increase of the biofilm thickness. The transport rate of ions caused by electric migration is affected by the charges, field strength, and biofilm thickness and so on.

关键词： biofilms external field mass transport

CURVATURE RELATION OF WAVE FRONT AND WAVE CHANGING IN external field

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2005年第7期26卷 929-937页

作者：刘深泉宋乐 Department of Mathematics South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P.R.China School of Information Technology The University of Sydney Australia

The changing of wave structure in excitable media in extemal field is studied and the curvature relation of wave front is analyzed. Under external stimulus the normal velocity of wave front has linear relation with mean curvature of wave front, plane velocity and external field. The simulation methods have been used to analyze BarEiswirth model with extemal field and obtain the wave pattern of excitable media contained external stimulus. These theoretical analysis and simulation results are identical with experiments of BZ reaction. So the results here theoretically explain the BZ phenomenon under extemal field and the simulation results here have rich wave pattems.

关键词： excitable medium spiral wave pattern external field

An Exact solution to the Master Equation for the Dissipative Harmonic Oscillator Driven by an external field

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Chinese Physics Letters 2003年第7期20卷 979-981页

作者：侯邦品王顺金余万伦 DepartmentofPhysics SichuanNormalUniversityChengdu610068 InstituteofModernPhysics SouthwestJiaotongUniversityChengdu610031 InstituteofModernPhysics SouthwestJiaotongUniversityChengdu610031 DepartmentofPhysics SichuanNormalUniversityChengdu610068

By using the algebraic structure in the operator dual space in the master equation for the driven dissipative harmonic oscillator, we have rewritten the master equation as a Schrödinger-like equation. Then we have used three gauge transformations and obtained an exact solution to the master equation in the particle number representation.

关键词： Master Equation Dissipative Harmonic Oscillator external field

Effect of external field on phase behavior of ternary systems involving polypeptide

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Science China Chemistry 2005年第2期48卷 132-142页

作者： LIN Shaoliang LIN Jiaping CHEN Tao TIAN Xiaohui Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China

The lattice theory regarding ternary systems involving a conformationally variable polypeptide and a randomly coiled polymer presented recently is extended to the case where an external orientational field is *** potentials of the components in the isotropic and anisotropic phases were *** calculations carried out show that the external field exerts a marked effect on the phase behavior of the ternary *** isotropic-anisotropic biphasic gap is predicted to shift to lower polymer concentrations and become narrower when the external field *** entrance of the randomly coiled polymers into the anisotropic phase is *** of chain conformation of polypeptide,chain length and temperature have been studied in the presence of the external *** comparison between theory and experimental results was also carried out.

关键词： lattice theory polypeptide external field phase behavior chain conformation.

Elastic line deformed on a pseudo-hypersurface by an external field in pseudo-Euclidean spaces

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Science China Mathematics 2008年第2期51卷 233-240页

作者： YCESAN Ahmet KEN A.Ceylan Department of Mathematics Süleyman Demirel University32260 IspartaTurkey

We derive intrinsic formulation for elastic line deformed on a pseudo-hypersurface by an external field in the pseudo-Euclidean spaces E_v^*** formulation determines elastic line deformed on a pseudo-hypersurface.

关键词： elastic line pseudo-Euclidean spaces intrinsic formulation external field 53A35 53B30 74M30

Magnetic fields promote electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction via subtle modulations of magnetic moments and molecular bonding

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Eco-Environment & Health 2024年第2期3卷 247-255页

作者： Shilin Wei Weiqi Liu Peiyao Bai Chuangchuang Yang Xiao Kong Lang Xu MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyChina University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China

Introducing a magnetic-field gradient into an electrically driven chemical reaction is expected to give rise to intriguing research *** this work,we elaborate on the modes and mechanisms of electrocatalytic activity(from the perspective of alignment of magnetic moments)and selectivity(at the molecular level)for the CO_(2)reduction reaction in response to external magnetic *** establish a positive correlation between magnetic field strengths and apparent current *** correlation can be rationalized by the formation of longer-range ordering ofmagnetic moments and the resulting decrease in the scattering of conduction electrons and charge-transfer resistances as the field strength ***,aided by the magnetic-field-equipped operando infrared spectroscopy,we find that applied magnetic fields are capable of weakening the C–O bond strength of the key intermediate*COOH and elongating the C–O bond length,thereby increasing the faradaic efficiency for the electroreduction of CO_(2)to CO.

关键词： external field Magnetic dependence Molecular level Multiphysics coupling

Strategies to accelerate bubble detachment for efficient hydrogen evolution

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第1期35卷 196-207页

作者： Weinan Yin Lexing Yuan Hao Huang Yuntao Cai Junan Pan Ning Sun Qiyu Zhang Qianhe Shu Chen Gu Zechao Zhuang Longlu Wang College of Electronic and Optical Engineering&College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications(NJUPT)Nanjing 210023China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In the process of electrocatalytic water splitting, the management of gaseous products is an important task. Timely detachment of gaseous products from the electrode surface and the electrolyte is beneficial to the reduction of energy consumption of the electrolytic cell. In the existing industrial electrolytic cells, the circulating pump drives the electrolyte flowing to discharge the gaseous products. Up to now, several much more advanced strategies have been explored to deal with the negative effects of bubbles. In this review, we summarized various strategies for bubble detachment, including electrode design, external field imposing and system upgrading. We also elaborated the principle, functional features, practicability, advantages and limitations of each method. Finally, challenges and perspectives are also provided for the further development of advanced bubbles detachment strategies for efficient hydrogen evolution.

关键词： Bubble effect Electrocatalytic water splitting Electrode design external field System upgrade

Dynamics of a three-level V-type atom driven by a cavity photon and microwave field

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第4期25卷 137-144页

作者：薛艳丽朱诗灯刘菊肖廷辉冯宝华李志远 Laboratory of Optical Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

We discuss the dynamics of a three-level V-type atom driven simultaneously by a cavity photon and microwave field by examining the atomic population evolution. Owing to the coupling effect of the cavity photon, periodical oscillation of the population between the two upper states and the ground state takes place, which is the well-known vacuum Rabi oscillation. Meanwhile, the population exchange between the upmost level and the middle level can occur due to the driving action of the external microwave field. The general dynamic behavior is the superposition of a fast and a slow periodical oscillation under the cooperative and competitive effect of the cavity photon and the microwave field. Numerical results demonstrate that the time evolution of the population is strongly dependent on the atom-cavity coupling coefficient g and Rabi frequency Ωe that reflects the intensity of the external microwave field. By modulating the two parameters g and Ωe, a large number of population transfer behaviors can be achieved.

关键词： population transfer external field three-level atom

State diagram of spin-torque oscillator with perpendicular reference layer and planar field generation layer

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2015年第3期25卷 258-262页

作者： Mengwei Zhang Longze Wang Dan Wei Kaizhong Gao Key Lab of Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua University Advanced Technology Development Seagate Technology

The state diagram of spin-torque oscillator(STO) with perpendicular reference layer(REF) and planar field generation layer(FGL) was studied by a macrospin model and a micro-magnetic model. The state diagrams are calculated versus the current density, external field and external field angle. It was found that the oscillation in FGL could be controlled by current density combined with external field so as to achieve a wide frequency range. An optimized current and applied field region was given for microwave assisted magnetic recording(MAMR), considering both frequency and output field oscillation amplitude. The results of the macro-spin model were compared with those of the micro-magnetic model. The macro-spin model was qualitatively different from micro-magnetics and experimental results when the current density was large and the FGL was non-uniform.

关键词： Spin-torque oscillator Micromagnetic Macrospin external field MAMR