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Urbanization does not affect red foxes’interest in anthropogenic food,but increases their initial cautiousness

Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 394-405页

作者： Martina Lazzaroni Rudy Brogi Valentina Napolitano Marco Apollonio Friederike Range Sarah Marshall-Pescini Domestication Laboratory Konrad Lorenz Institute of EthologyUniversity of Veterinary MedicineVienna A-1160Austria Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Sassarivia Vienna 2I-07100 SassariItaly

Human presence and activities have profoundly altered animals’habitats,exposing them to greater risks but also providing new opportunities and *** animals’capacity to effectively navigate and strike a balance between risks and benefts is crucial for their survival in the Anthropocene *** foxes(Vulpes vulpes),adept urban dwellers,exhibit behavioral plasticity in human-altered *** investigated variations in detection frequency on trail cameras and the behavioral responses(explorative,bold,and fearful)of wild red foxes living along an urbanization gradient when exposed to a metal bin initially presented clean and then flled with anthropogenic *** fox populations displayed an increased interest and similar explorative behavioral responses toward the anthropogenic food source,irrespective of the urbanization *** no impact on explorative behaviors,foxes in more urbanized areas initially showed heightened fear toward the empty bin,indicating increased apprehension toward novel ***,this fear diminished over time,and in the presence of food,urban foxes displayed slightly reduced fear compared with their less urban *** results highlight foxes’potential for adaptability to human landscapes,additionally underscoring the nuanced interplay of fear and explorative behavioral response of populations living along the urbanization gradient.

关键词： anthropization bold explorative fearful human footprint Vulpes vulpes

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Ethnomycological Conspectus of West African Mushrooms: An Awareness Document

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Advances in Microbiology 2014年第1期4卷 39-54页

作者： Osemwegie Omorefosa Osarenkhoe Okhuoya Aroye John Dania Akande Theophilus Department of Biological Sciences College of Science and Engineering Landmark University Omu Aran Nigeria Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology Faculty of Life Sciences University of Benin Benin City Nigeria

The ethnological knowledge of mushrooms despite its millennial existence and its empirical documentation are more recent phenomena. In Africa, the knowledge of their historical uses as food, medicine, source of income and small scale businesses, and the sociological impacts (myth, culture and spirituality) are apparently threatened due to slow ethnomycology research drive. The poor identification and documentation of edible and medicinal species of mushrooms in many developing nations have created some degrees of inconsistencies in their usages relative to folk medicine practice, food and mythological beliefs. Their relevance in modern day pharmaceutics and nutraceuticals is a product of human experimentation over *** that may be anthropogenic, ethnographic, ethnoecological/environmental have been implicated in mushrooms underutilization and under-exploration of mushrooms in West Africa. Ethnomycological literatures on West Africa are scant, random, are limited in scope and fraught with taxonomic inconsistencies. This paper is based on extant ethnomycology treatise and aims at representing an integrative knowledge of useful mushrooms of West Africa and their uses vis-a-vis indigent cultures.

关键词： Ethnomycology Conspectus West African Mushrooms explorative Profiting

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论语文探究性学习的策略

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价值工程 2011年第36期30卷 207-208页

作者：贺晓玲渭南师范学院人文学院渭南714000

语文探究性学习,教师要努力营造良好的教学氛围和创设情境问题来激发学生的探究热情;教学中重视诵读,引导学生质疑,让学生在探究的过程中体验乐趣;广泛开展各种语文实践活动来培养学生的探究能力。

关键词： explorative study Language teaching Question

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