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Historical and real-time estimation of snow depth in eurasia based on multiple passive microwave data

气候变化研究进展:英文版 2023年第4期14卷 537-545页

作者： Li-Yun DAI Li-Juan MA Su-Ping NIE Si-Yu WEI Tao CHE Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing of Gansu Province Heihe Remote Sensing Experimental Research StationNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China National Climate Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 1000101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 1000101China

Current snow depth datasets demonstrate large discrepancies in the spatial pattern in eurasia,and the lagging updates of datasets do not meet the operational requirements of the meteorological service *** study developed a dynamic retrieval method for daily snow depth over eurasia based on cross-sensor calibrated microwave brightness temperatures to enhance retrieval accuracy and meet the requirements of operational *** brightness temperatures were detected by microwave radiometer imager carried on the FengYun 3(FY-3)satellite and the special sensor microwave imager/sounder carried on the USA Defense Meteorological Satellite Program series satellites,which use the fewest sensors to provide the longest data and consequently introduce minimal errors during inter-sensor ***,inter-sensor calibration was conducted amongst brightness temperatures collected by the three sensors.A spatiotemporal dynamic relationship between snow depth and microwave brightness temperature gradient was then established,overcoming the large uncertainties induced by varying snow *** relationship can be utilised in FY-3 satellite data for operational service to obtain real-time snow *** generated daily snow depth dataset from 1988 to 2021 presents similar spatial patterns of snow depth to those observed in *** in situ snow depth,the overall bias and root mean square error are−2.04 and 6.49 cm,respectively,facilitating considerable improvements in accuracy compared with the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 snow depth product,which adopts the static *** analysis shows an overall decreasing trend from 1988 to 2021 for annual and monthly mean snow depths,demonstrating a noticeable reduction since around *** reduction in monthly mean snow depth started earlier in shallow snow months than in deep snow months.

关键词： Snow depth Passive microwave remote sensing eurasia

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Improvement of Soil Moisture Simulation in eurasia by the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model from CMIP5 to CMIP6

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第2期38卷 237-252页

作者： Yinghan SANG Hong-Li REN Xueli SHI Xiaofeng XU Haishan CHEN School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Laboratory for Climate Studies&CMA-NJU Joint Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081China

This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of historical surface soil moisture simulation(1979-2012)over eurasia at annual and seasonal time scales between two medium-resolution versions of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model(BCC-CSM)—one that is currently participating in phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6),i.e.,BCC-CSM2-MR,and the other,BCC-CSM1.1m,which participated in *** show that BCC-CSM2-MR is more skillful in reproducing the climate mean states and standard deviations of soil moisture,with pattern correlations increased and biases reduced ***-CSM2-MR performs better in capturing the first two primary patterns of soil moisture anomalies,where the period of the corresponding time series is closer to that of reference *** show that BCC-CSM2-MR performs at a high level among multiple models of CMIP6 in terms of centered pattern correlation and“amplitude of variation”(relative standard deviation).In general,the centered pattern correlation of BCC-CSM2-MR,ranging from 0.61 to 0.87,is higher than the multi-model mean of CMIP6,and the relative standard deviation is 0.75,which surmounts the overestimations in most of the CMIP6 *** to the vital role played by precipitation in land-atmosphere interaction,possible causes of the improvement of soil moisture simulation are further related to precipitation in *** results indicate that a better description of the relationship between soil moisture and precipitation and a better reproduction of the climate mean precipitation by the model may result in the improved performance of soil moisture simulation.

关键词： BCC-CSM soil moisture CMIP6 historical simulation eurasia

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An Objective Identification Method for Wintertime Cold Fronts in eurasia

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第10期38卷 1695-1705页

作者： Mengru FENG Yujing QIN Chuhan LU Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

The present study identifies wintertime cold fronts in eurasia from gridded datasets using a new objective two-step identification *** simple and classic conception of a front is adopted,where a cold front is identified as the warm boundary of the frontal zone with a suitable horizontal temperature gradient and cold *** combine the traditional thermal front parameter with temperature advection to first identify the cold frontal zone,and then its eastern and southern boundaries are objectively plotted as a cold front in *** comparing different cold front identification methods,the results from this two-step cold front identification method and subjective analysis are more consistent,and the positions of the cold front identified with our method are more *** objective technique is also applied to a nationwide cold wave event over *** show that the horizontal extent and movement of the cold front are in good agreement with the related circulation and the associated cold *** proposed method and results in this study may shed light on the rapid identification of cold fronts in operational weather analysis and facilitate further research on the long-term activity characteristics of continental cold fronts.

关键词： cold front thermal front parameter objective identification eurasia winter

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Identification of winter long-lasting regional extreme low-temperature events in eurasia and their variation during 1948—2017

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第3期12卷 353-362页

作者： ZHANG Ying-Xian LIU Yan-Ju DING Yi-Hui Laboratory for Climate Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China

Compared with short-duration events,long-lasting regional extreme low-temperature events(RELTEs)often have more severe impacts on human societies due to the induced persistence and large geographic area of related weather and climate ***,an improved objective technique was applied to identify all long-lasting RELTEs in eurasia from the winter of 1948/1949 to 2017/2018,followed by an in-depth discussion of its variation in terms of the annual frequency,duration,impacted area,mean intensity,maximum intensity,and a comprehensive *** RELTE lasting for 52 d in the winter of 2007/2008 exhibited the longest duration,largest impacted area,and a greatest comprehensive index,which induced extremely low temperatures for more than 20 d in Western Asia,Central Asia,and *** the past 70 winters,the frequency of long-lasting RELTEs decreased,especially after the late ***,the mean and maximum intensities and comprehensive index exhibited distinctly increasing *** indicators of winter long-lasting RELTEs had a similar inter-decadal fluctuation featured by two noticeable peaks occurring around 1970 and 2007,and a remarkable recovery was discovered in the period of late 1990s to mid-2010s,especially for the occurrence of super long-lasting ***,winter long-lasting RELTEs in eurasia showed distinct trends under various decadal climate backgrounds,i.e.,a strong negative or weak positive trend in the accelerated warming period and conversely,a strong positive or weak negative trend in the wanning slowdown *** findings indicate that we should be alert of the similar future recovery of winter long-lasting RELTEs in eurasia,which are likely to occur in the slowdown period of global warming.

关键词： Regional extreme low-temperature events Winter Long-lasting eurasia Climate variation

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New urban map of eurasia using MODIS and multi-source geospatial data

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2017年第1期20卷 29-38页

作者： Bayan Alsaaideh Ryutaro Tateishi Dong Xuan Phong Nguyen Thanh Hoan Ahmad Al-Hanbali Bai Xiulian Center for Environmental Remote Sensing(CEReS) Chiba UniversityChibaJapan COPRONA Inc.International Consulting Company Vung TauVietnam Institute of Geography Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology(VAST)HanoiVietnam Geosphere environmental technology corp. tokyoJapan

Urban areas are of paramount significance to both the individuals and communities at local and regional ***,the rapid growth of urban areas exerts effects on climate,biodiversity,hydrology,and natural ecosystems ***,regular and up-to-date information related to urban extent is necessary to monitor the impacts of urban areas at local,regional,and potentially global *** study presents a new urban map of eurasia at 500 m resolution using multi-source geospatial data,including Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)data of 2013,population density of 2012,the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System(DMSP-OLS)nighttime lights of 2012,and constructed Impervious Surface Area(ISA)data of *** eurasian urban map was created using the threshold method for these data,combined with references of fine resolution Landsat and Google Earth *** resultant map was compared with nine global urban maps and was validated using random sampling *** of the accuracy assessment showed high overall accuracy of the new urban map of 94%.This urban map is one product of the 20 land cover classes of the next version of Global Land Cover by National Mapping Organizations.

关键词： Urban area mapping population density MODIS data integration accuracy assessment eurasia

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Scenarios of land cover in eurasia under climate change

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第1期30卷 3-17页

作者： FAN Zemeng BAI Ruyu YUE Tianxiang State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023China

The method for surface modelling of land cover scenarios(SMLCS)has been improved to simulate the scenarios of land cover in *** the basis of the observation monthly climatic data observed from 2127 weather stations in eurasia during 1981-2010,the climatic scenarios data of RCP26,RCP45 and RCP85 scenarios released by CMIP5,and the land cover current data of eurasia in 2010,the land cover scenarios of eurasia were respectively *** results show that most land cover types would generally have similar changing trends in the future,but with some difference in different periods under the three scenarios of RCP26,RCP45 and *** needleleaf forest,mixed forest,shrub land,wetlands and snow and ice would generally decrease in eurasia during *** and ice would have the fastest decreasing rate that would decrease by 37.42%on *** land would have the slowest decreasing rate that would decrease by 5.65%on *** bodies would have the fastest increasing rate that would increase by 28.78%on *** or sparsely vegetated land would have the slowest increasing rate that would increase by 0.76%.Moreover,the simulated results show that climate change would directly impact on land cover change in eurasia.

关键词： SMLCS climate change land cover scenarios eurasia

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Building Turkic Healthcare Union for World Peace and Making Possible Sustainable Collaborations Among Today＇s and Future＇s Powers in eurasia

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Economics World 2014年第3期2卷 196-214页

作者： Tuncay KARA A. Burcin YERELi Laurie Schintler Duzce University Duzce Turkey Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey George Mason University Arlington VA United States of America

This article deals with how developed economies, such as those of Japan, South Korea, United States of America （USA）, Russian Federation, China, and the European Union （EU） can threaten world peace. Focusing on economic and social security issues, countries of the world having conflicts will, as a result, invest in military arms, such as nuclear or chemical weapons. How would today＇s economic circumstances, social security systems difficulties, health expenditure levels, and individual pension system realities affect the world in soon time？ Globally, problems were tried to describe with Gestalt understanding from micro level to macro level and attempted to prescribe a solution. How can world economic powers use this challenge as an advantage to create sustainable peace？ May hospital rooms allow people to interact with other world societies, civilization values, cultures through elder people？ As a result beyond of being European centric, Asianism centric, American centric understanding for world peace in the middle of developed economies, Turkic world has rich resources and dynamic population. With Turkey＇s secular understanding, Turkic Healthcare Union （THU） can be a great model for peace. Turkic world, which is located between China and EU, would be a unique and also a sample model in creating sustainable peace. This economic model depends on manufacturing of services and creating prosperity for the whole world, creating funds for ambiguous events in the world, having limited merchants, and making heavier states a bit triggering. By triggering the quality of medical tourism in the world and making dynamic big developed economies, harmless healthcare technologies could be created.

关键词： Turkic Healthcare Union (THU) health tourism eurasia

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Snow water equivalent over eurasia in the next 50 years projected by aggregated CMIP3 models

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2012年第2期4卷 93-106页

作者： LiJuan Ma Yong Luo DaHe Qin National Climate Center Beijing 100081China Center for Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China

Based on remote sensing snow water equivalent （SWE） data, the simulated SWE in 20C3M experiments from 14 models attend- hag the third phase of the Coupled Models for Inter-comparison Project （CMIP3） was first evaluated by computing the different percentage, spatial correlation coefficient, and standard deviation of biases during 1979-2000. Then, the diagnosed ten models that performed better simulation in eurasian SWE were aggregated by arithmetic mean to project the changes of eurasian SWE in 2002-2060. Results show that SWE will decrease significantly for eurasia as a whole in the next 50 years. Spatially, significant decreasing trends dominate eurasia except for significant increase in the northeastern part. Seasonally, decreasing proportion will be greatest in summer indicating that snow cover in wanner seasons is more sensitive to climate warming. However, absolute decreasing trends are not the greatest in winter, but in spring. This is caused by the greater magnitude of negative trends, but smaller positive trends in spring than in winter. The changing characteristics of increasing in eastern eurasia and decreasing in western eurasia and over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau favor the viewpoint that there will be more rainfall in North China and less in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in summer. Additionally, the decreasing rate and extent with significant decreasing trends under SRES A2 are greater than those under SRES B1, indicating that the emission of greenhouse gases （GHG） will speed up the decreasing rate of snow cover both temporally and spatially. It is crucial to control the discharge of GHG emissions for mitigating the disappearance of snow cover over eurasia.

关键词： snow water equivalent projection CMIP3 eurasia climate change simulation

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Russia and China Place eurasia at the Heart of the Post-Pandemic World Order

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 2021年第1期15卷 1-33页

作者： Talmiz Ahmad International Studies Symbiosis International UniversityPuneIndia

As the pandemic has wreaked havoc on global health and economy,it has also accelerated trends in international *** include the decline of the US’status as the global hegemon and the emergence of a multipolar world,with new players seeking a role in shaping world ***’s economic successes have placed it in the vanguard of the newly emerging players on the world stage,in tandem with *** hostility to both has promoted closer relations between them,having been earlier brought together by ties in the areas of energy,trade and *** have now become partners in placing eurasia at the centre of their strategic interests by linking Putin’s‘Greater eurasian Partnership’with China’s Belt and Road *** a series of carefully crafted diplomatic initiatives,Russia and China are bringing other nations-Iran,Turkey,the Arab Gulf states,Afghanistan and Pakistan-into the eurasian embrace on the basis of logistical,energy and digital connectivity,thus shaping the nascent stage of a new world order.

关键词： China Russia eurasia Biden administration New World Order

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Kimmeridgian Foraminiferal Faunas of Northern eurasia: Significance for Interregional Correlations and Palaeobiogeography

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Open Journal of Geology 2019年第10期9卷 573-576页

作者： Clémentine Peggy Anne-Marie Colpaert Boris Leonidovich Nikitenko Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk Russia State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Center for Excellence in Life and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk Russia

Foraminifer is a very useful microorganism to perform biostratigraphical zonation of the Upper Jurassic. Foraminiferal biozones are calibrated by the ammonite standard zones and can be used for intra- and interregional correlations. Furthermore, the fossil record of foraminiferal faunas is well known among basins of the Northern eurasia and is also used for accurate palaeoenvironmental, palaeobiogeographical, or biofacial reconstructions. It allows identifying a complex set of biotic and abiotic events which may be used to propose a more general palaeoecoloecological and palaeoceanographical reconstruction of the Subboreal, Boreal, and Arctic seas. Then, the late Kimmeridgian Northern eurasian seas formed a network of well-connected palaeobasins during the sea-level rise and resulted in rather similar palaeoenvironmental conditions.

关键词： Late Jurassic Foraminifers Palaeoceanography Northern eurasia

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