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Molecular Plant 2022年第4期15卷 689-705页

作者： Yaling Zhao Xue Cao Weihua Zhong Shunkang Zhou Zhanbiao Li Hong An Xiahua Liu Ruifeng Wu Surakshya Bohora Yan Wu Zhenyi Liang Jiahao Chen Xin Yang Guohui Zhou Tong Zhang Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control College of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Division of Biological Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA

Arthropod-borne viruses cause serious threats to human health and global agriculture by rapidly spreading via insect vectors. Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) is the most damaging rice-infecting virus that is frequently transmitted by planthoppers. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its propagation in the host plants and epidemics in the field are largely unknown. Here, we showed that the SRBSDV-encoded P6 protein is a key effector that regulates rice ethylene signaling to coordinate viral infection and transmission. In early SRBSDV infection, P6 interacts with OsRTH2 in the cytoplasm to activate ethylene signaling and enhance SRBSDV proliferation;this also repels the insect vector to reduce infestation. In late infection, P6 enters the nucleus, where it interacts with OsEIL2, a key transcription factor of ethylene signaling. The P6-OsEIL2 interaction suppresses ethylene signaling by preventing the dimerization of OsEIL2, thereby facilitating viral transmission by attracting the insect vector. Collectively, these findings reveal a novel molecular mechanism by which an arbovirus modulates the host defense system to promote viral infection and transmission.

关键词： arboviruses ethylene signaling host-virus-vector interaction SRBSDV OsRTH2 OsEIL2

ethylene signaling in rice and Arabidopsis: New regulators and mechanisms

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第1期63卷 102-125页

作者： He Zhao Cui-Cui Yin Biao Ma Shou-Yi Chen Jin-Song Zhang State Key Lab of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics&Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Biology and Agriculture Research Center School of Chemistry and Bioloqical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100024China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

ethylene is a gaseous hormone which plays important roles in both plant growth and development and stress responses. Based on studies in the dicot model plant species Arabidopsis, a linear ethylene signaling pathway has been established,according to which ethylene is perceived by ethylene receptors and transduced through CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE RESPONSE 1(CTR1) and ethylene-INSENSITIVE 2(EIN2) to activate transcriptional reprogramming. In addition to this canonical signaling pathway, an alternative ethylene receptor-mediated phosphor-relay pathway has also been proposed to participate in ethylene signaling. In contrast to Arabidopsis, rice, a monocot, grows in semiaquatic environments and has a distinct plant structure. Several novel regulators and/or mechanisms of the rice ethylene signaling pathway have recently been identified,indicating that the ethylene signaling pathway in rice has its own unique features. In this review,we summarize the latest progress and compare the conserved and divergent aspects of the ethylene signaling pathway between Arabidopsis and rice. The crosstalk between ethylene and other plant hormones is also reviewed. Finally, we discuss how ethylene regulates plant growth, stress responses and agronomic traits. These analyses should help expand our knowledge of the ethylene signaling mechanism and could further be applied for agricultural purposes.

关键词： Arabidopsis ethylene signaling hormone crosstalk rice

Paradigms and Paradox in the ethylene signaling Pathway and Interaction Network

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Molecular Plant 2011年第4期4卷 626-634页

作者： Qiong Zhao Hong-Wei Guo State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research College of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Phytohormone ethylene plays pivotal roles in plant response to developmental and environmental signals. During the past few years, the emerging evidence has led us to a new understanding of the signaling mechanisms and regulatory networks of the ethylene action. In this review, we focus on the major advances made in the past three years, particularly the findings leading to new paradigms and the observations under debate. With the recent demonstration of the regulation of the protein stability of numerous key signaling components including EIN3, ELL1, EIN2, ETR2, EBFI/EBF2, and ETPI/ETP2, we highlight proteasome-dependent protein degradation as an essential regulatory mechanism that is widely adopted in the ethylene signaling pathway. We also discuss the implication of the negative feedback mechanism in the ethylene signaling pathway in light of ethylene-induced ETR2 and EBF2 gene expression. Meanwhile, we summarize the controversy on the involvement of MKK9-MPK3/6 cascade in the ethylene signaling versus biosynthesis pathway, and discuss the possible role of this MAPK module in the ethylene action. Finally, we describe the complex interactions between ethylene and other signaling pathways including auxin, light, and plant innate immunity, and propose that EIN3/ EIL1 act as a convergence point in the ethylene-initiated signaling network.

关键词： ethylene signaling MAPK protein turnover negative feedback ETP1/2 interplay.

Uncertainty of EIN2^(Ser645/Ser924) Inactivation by CTR1-Mediated Phosphorylation Reveals the Complexity of ethylene signaling

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Plant Communications 2020年第3期1卷 57-74页

作者： Jingyi Zhang Yuying Chen Jian Lu Ying Zhang Chi-Kuang Wen National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

ethylene INSENSITIVE2(EIN2)is a key component of ethylene signaling whose activity is inhibited upon phosphorylation of Ser^(645) and Ser^(924) by the Raf-like CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE-RESPONSE 1(CTR1)in the absence of ethylene.ethylene prevents CTR1 activity and thus EIN2^(Ser645/Ser924) phosphorylation,and subcellular trafficking of a proteolytically cleaved EIN2 C terminus(EIN2-C)from the endoplasmic reticulum to the nucleus and processing bodies triggers ethylene signaling.Here,we report an unexpected complexity of EIN2-activated ethylene signaling.EIN2 activation in part requires ethylene in the absence of CTR1-mediated negative regulation.The ein2 mutant was complemented by the transgenes encoding EIN2,EIN2 variants with mutations that either prevent or mimic Ser^(645)/Ser^(924) phosphorylation,or EIN2-C;and all the transgenic lines carrying these EIN2-derived transgenes responded to ethylene.Furthermore,we found that the fluorescence protein-tagged EIN2 and its variants were affected little by ethylene and exhibited similar subcellular distribution patterns:in the cytosolic particles and nuclear speckles.Of note,the subcellular localization patterns of EIN2 proteins fused with a fluorescence protein either at the N or C terminus were similar,whereas EIN2-C-YFP was primarily observed in the cytosol but not in the nucleus.Western blots and mass spectrum analyses suggested a high complexity of EIN2,which is likely proteolytically processed into multiple fragments.Our results suggested a nuclear localization of the full-length EIN2,weak association of the EIN2^(Ser645/Ser924) phosphorylation status and ethylene signaling,and the complexity of ethylene signaling caused by EIN2 and its proteolytic products in different subcellular compartments.We propose an alternative model to explain EIN2-activated ethylene signaling.

关键词： ethylene signaling EIN2 phosphorylation EIN2 complexity CTR1 ETR1

Scaffold protein RACK1A positively regulates leaf senescence by coordinating the EIN3-miR164-ORE1 transcriptional cascade in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第7期65卷 1703-1716页

作者： Jan Masood Wei Zhu Yajuan Fu Zhiyong Li Yeling Zhou Dong Zhang Huihui Han Yan Yan Xing Wen Hongwei Guo Jiansheng Liang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Institute of Plant and Food SciencesDepartment of BiologySchool of Life SciencesSouthern University of Science and Technology518055ShenzhenChina

Plants have adopted versatile scaffold proteins to facilitate the crosstalk between multiple signaling pathways. Leaf senescence is a well-programmed developmental stage that is coordinated by various external and internal signals. However,the functions of plant scaffold proteins in response to senescence signals are not well understood. Here, we report that the scaffold protein RACK1A(RECEPTOR FOR ACTIVATED C KINASE1A) participates in leaf senescence mediated by ethylene signaling via the coordination of the EIN3-miR164-ORE1 transcriptional regulatory cascade. RACK1A is a novel positive regulator of ethylene-mediated leaf senescence. The rack1a mutant exhibits delayed leaf senescence, while transgenic lines overexpressing RACK1A display early leaf senescence. Moreover, RACK1A promotes EIN3(ethylene INSENSITIVE 3) protein accumulation, and directly interacts with EIN3 to enhance its DNA-binding activity. Together, they then associate with the miR164 promoter to inhibit its transcription, leading to the release of the inhibition on downstream ORE1(ORESARA 1) transcription and the promotion of leaf senescence.This study reveals a mechanistic framework by which RACK1A promotes leaf senescence via the EIN3-miR164-ORE1 transcriptional cascade, and provides a paradigm for how scaffold proteins finely tune phytohormone signaling to control plant development.

关键词： Arabidopsis ethylene signaling leaf senescence RACK1 scaffold protein transcriptional cascade

OsRTHl Over-Expression and 1-MCP Treatment Reveal ethylene Effects on the Rice Plant and Functional Conservation of OsRTH1 in the ethylene signaling

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OsRTHl Over-Expression and 1-MCP Treatment Reveal Ethylene E...

A GDSL Lipase MHZ11 Modulates ethylene signaling Through Inhibiton of OsCTR2 Phosphorylation in Rice

2011全国植物生物学研讨会

作者： Wei Zhang~(1,+),Xin Zhou~(1,2,+),Aibei Xu~1,Qin Wang~1,and Chi-Kuang Wen~(1,*) 1.National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032,China.2. Present Address:Department of Biology,Duke University,French 3108,Science Dr.Box 90338, Durham,NC 27708,USA.

Rice is an important monocotyledonous crop and feeds a large population.Only have a few studies been carded out to evaluate general effects of ethylene on rice. Here we show that OsRTH1(rice RTE1 Homologue1) overexpression had the same effects as 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP,an ethylene antagonist) on the inhibition of the ethylene-induced growth alterations and gene expression in the rice plant.Our results suggest that ethylene and auxin may synergistically promote the adventitious root development and that ethylene and gibberellins have differential roles in the leaf elongation and development.Rice plants overexpressing OsRTH1 exhibited fewer

关键词： ethylene signaling 1-MCP rice

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A GDSL Lipase MHZ11 Modulates Ethylene Signaling Through Inh...

Quantitative and Functional Phosphoproteomic Analysis Reveals that ethylene Regulates Water Transport via the C-Terminal Phosphorylation of Aquaporin PIP2;1 in Arabidopsis

第三届全国植物开花·衰老与采后生物学大会

作者： He Zhao Biao Ma Cui-Cui Yin Shou-Yi Chen Jin-Song Zhang State Key Lab of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology INASEED Chinese Academy of Sciences Biology and Agriculture Research Center School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

ethylene plays important roles in plant growth and development. Its signal is transduced through the ethylene receptor-CTR1 complex to EIN2 and subsequently into the nucleus. Here, we identified an ER membrane-localized GDSL lipase MHZ11 from mutant analysis, which modulates ethylene signaling in rice roots. MHZ11 has PLA2 activity, and hydrolyzes phospholipids to produce fatty acids likely for sterol esterification. ethylene induces MHZ11, whose overexpession caused constitutive ethylene response in roots. Genetically, MHZ11 acts upstream of OsCTR2 and OsEIN2 at ethylene receptor level. In air, more OsCTR2 are in phosphorylated status and ethylene inhibits OsCTR2 phosphorylation. MHZ11 mutation locks more OsCTR2 in phosphorylation form whereas MHZ11 overexpression promotes ethylene inhibition of OsCTR2 phosphorylation. MHZ11 function on OsCTR2 phosphorylation required receptor OsERS2 and sterol homeostasis. Our study reveals a previously unidentified mechanism by which MHZ11 participates in ethylene signaling for regulation of root growth in rice.

关键词： Rice GDSL lipase ethylene signaling phosphorylation sterol

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Molecular Plant 2016年第1期9卷 158-174页

作者： Dongjin Qing Zhu Yang Mingzhe Li Wai Shing Wong Guangyu Guo Shichang Liu Hongwei Guo Ning Li Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR China School of Life Science Peking University Beijing 100089 China These authors contributed equally to this article

ethylene participates in the regulation of numerous cellular events and biological processes, including wa- ter loss, during leaf and flower petal wilting. The diverse ethylene responses may be regulated via dynamic interplays between protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and ubiquitin/26S proteasome-mediated protein degradation and protease cleavage. To address how ethylene alters protein phosphorylation through multi-furcated signaling pathways, we performed a lSN stable isotope labelling-based, differential, and quantitative phosphoproteomics study on air- and ethylene-treated ethylene-insensitive Arabidopsis double loss-of-function mutant ein3-1/eill-1. Among 535 non-redundant phosphopeptides identified, two and four phosphopeptides were up- and downregulated by ethylene, respectively. ethylene- regulated phosphorylation of aquaporin PIP2;1 is positively correlated with the water flux rate and water loss in leaf. Genetic studies in combination with quantitative proteomics, immunoblot analysis, protoplast swelling/shrinking experiments, and leaf water loss assays on the transgenic plants expressing both the wild-type and S280A/S283A-mutated PIP2;1 in the both Col-O and ein3eill genetic backgrounds suggest that ethylene increases water transport rate in Arabidopsis cells by enhancing S280/S283 phosphorylation at the C terminus of PIP2;1. Unknown kinase and/or phosphatase activities may participate in the initial up- regulation independent of the cellular functions of EIN3/EIL1. This finding contributes to our understanding of ethylene-regulated leaf wilting that is commonly observed during post-harvest storage of plant organs.

关键词： ethylene signaling quantitative PTM proteomics aquaporin, ^15N stable isotope labeling in Arabidopsis（SILIA） mass spectrometry water transport

XBAT35, a Novel Arabidopsis RING E3 Ligase Exhibiting Dual Targeting of Its Splice Isoforms, Is Involved in ethylene-Mediated Regulation of Apical Hook Curvature

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Molecular Plant 2012年第6期5卷 1295-1309页

作者： Sofia D. Carvalho Rita Saraiva Teresa M. Maia Isabel A. Abreu Paula Duquea Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia Rua da Quinta Grande 6 2780-156 Oeiras Portugal Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica Universidade Nova de Lisboa Av. da Republica 2780-157 Oeiras Portugal

The Arabidopsis XBAT35 is one of five structurally related ankyrin repeat-containing Really Interesting New Gene （RING） E3 ligases involved in ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation, which plays key roles in a wide range of cel- lular processes. Here, we show that the XBAT35 gene undergoes alternative splicing, generating two transcripts that are constitutively expressed in all plant tissues. The two splice variants derive from an exon skipping event that excludes an in-frame segment from the XBAT35 precursor mRNA, giving rise to two protein isoforms that differ solely in the presence of a nuclear localization signal （NLS）. Transient expression assays indicate that the isoform lacking the NLS localizes in the cytoplasm of plant cells, whereas the other is targeted to the nucleus, accumulating in nuclear speckles. Both isoforms are functional E3 ligases, as assessed by in vitro ubiquitination assays. Two insertion mutant alleles and RNA-interference （RNAi） silencing lines for XBAT35 display no evident phenotypes under normal growth conditions, but exhibit hyper- sensitivity to the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylate （ACC） during apical hook exaggeration in the dark, which is rescued by an inhibitor of ethylene perception. Independent expression of each XBAT35 splice variant in the mutant background indicates that the two isoforms may differentially contribute to apical hook formation but are both functional in this ethylene-mediated response. Thus, XBAT35 defines a novel player in ethylene signaling involved in negatively regulating apical hook curvature, with alternative splicing controlling dual targeting of this E3 ubiquitin ligase to the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments.

关键词： alternative splicing apical hook Arabidopsis thaliana ethylene signaling RiNG E3 ligase ubiquitination.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Actinidia arguta Fruits Reveals the Involvement of Various Transcription Factors in Ripening

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2018年第1期4卷 35-42页

作者： HUANG Guohui QU Yi LI Tong YUAN Hui WANG Aide TAN Dongmei Department of Horticulture Eastern Liaoning University College of Horticulture Shenyang Agricultural University

The fruit of Actinidia arguta is typically climacteric.During ripening,the fruits produce a large amount of ethylene.Although the molecular basis of climacteric fruit ripening has been extensively studied,some aspects such as its transcriptional regulation remain unclear.Here,we compared the transcriptomes of A.arguta fruits collected at commercial harvest(sample d0)and at 6 days after harvest(sample d6)using RNA-seq.A total of 3 659 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between samples d0 and d6 were detected,of which 2 983 and 1 104 could be functionally annotated with Gene Ontology(GO)and Clusters of Orthologous Groups(COG)pathways.DEGs involved in ethylene biosynthesis and signal transduction were identified,including ACO(c79627),ERF061(c105131),and ERF6(c99193).Transcription factors such as ERF,b HLH,NAC,MADS,and MYB were also differentially expressed between samples d0 and d6.Selected DEGs were subjected to further analysis using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(q RT-PCR),and the results coincided with those of RNA-seq.Our data revealed additional transcription factors that are involved in the regulation of fruit ripening.These results provide useful information for future research on the transcriptional regulation of fruit ripening.

关键词： Actinidia arguta transcriptome ripening ethylene signaling transcription factor