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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2016年第10期6卷 1149-1154页

作者： Robin McAllister Sacred Heart University Fairfield Connecticut USA

This is a partial history of the literary topos ＂sub specie aetemitatis＂. The Latin phrase means ＂from the perspective of eternity＂. eternity is the way God sees the universe, not as a succession of moments in time from past, to present, to future, but as a simultaneous present which includes the past and future as if they are already and always present. This temporal simultaneity is accompanied by a spatial totality and simultaneity. In both Chaucer and Dante the protagonist ends life＇s wanderings and struggles by being carried up into the heavens and looking back on earth from the point of view of eternity. Their literary source is Maerobius＇ Commentary on the Dream of Scipio and Boethius＇ The Consolation of Philosophy. The vision results in epistemological transformation that provides consolation or ＂contemptus mundi＂, the rejection of earthly concems. The ＂sub specie aetemitatis＂ vision is both a revelation of the nature of the universe, time, and the protagonist＇s place in them and a disillusionment that radically changes the protagonist＇s understanding. The work of literature and the reading of it are potentially transformational. For the pagan lover Toilus in Chaucer＇s Troilus and Criseyde the ＂sub specie aeternitatis＂ vision results in religious conversion as well as epistemological transformation. Boethius, whom Chaucer translated, offers an analogue to the vision in the way humans perceive a sphere through their senses and reason. Dante＇s version of the vision in Paradiso xxxiii is the most famous literary example as the protagonist＇s vision merges with the vision of God as an intense ray of light. The conversion and consolation associated with the ＂sub specie aetemitatis＂ vision takes cosmic dimension in Dante. A modem example is Jorge Luis Borges＇ parody of Dante in his story ＂The Aleph＂ where a satiric vision takes place not in the heavens but in the basement of the house in Buenos Aires. In Cervantes＇ Don Quixote the ＂sub specie aetemitatis＂ trope is p

关键词： eternity Chaucer Boethius Cervantes

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To the Light House-A Journey of Life from Moments to eternity

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校园英语 2017年第21期 251-251页

作者：王颖颖首都师范大学外国语学院

Virginia Woolf, one of the prominent representatives of modernist novelist in England, has contributed significantly to the development of modern novel. To the Lighthouse established her as a major novelist. With a keen sense of life and nature, Woolf is obsessed with the limitation of human life. In To the Light House, life is both evanescent and permanent; it is a journey from moment to life.

关键词： life moments eternity

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The Voice of Spirit:Comparison of the Poems by Sylvia Plath and Ge Mai

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海外英语 2010年第7X期 201-202页

作者：田芳菲 East China University of Political Science & Law

The poetry is not merely a bundle of "poetic" objects or a box with tinsel ribbon *** is an expression of the emotion,an experience of the objective,bustling *** have a penetrating and comprehensive understanding of the poems by Sylvia Plath and Ge Mai,firstly,comparing in the description:images,moods and attitudes;then,analyzing the inner meaning related to the metaphor and symbol;finally,emphasizing that it is courage makes the beauty spring from the poetry.

关键词： Sylvia Plath Ge Mai poem comparison pessimism eternity of soul

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Seeking the Spiritual Home — Sailing to Byzantium

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海外英语 2019年第21期 207-208页

作者：李赞萍 Northwest A &F University

As the greatest lyric poet of the 20th century,Yeats fully expresses his pursuit of eternal spiritual home in his poem“Sailing to Byzantium”.This paper analyzes the text and discusses how the poet strives to pursue his spiritual home,so as to deepen our readers’understanding of“eternity”theme in the *** the Spiritual Home—Sailing to Byzantium.

关键词： Yeats Sailing to Byzantium spiritual eternity

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Reading Borges at Iguazu Falls

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2015年第10期5卷 830-834页

作者： Robin McAllister Sacred Heart University Fairfield Connecticut USA

An observer at Iguazu Falls tries to make sense of the inexpressible natural wonder through the texts of Jorge Luis Borges＇s essays and poems. Borges＇s paradoxes of time, immortality, and eternity give meaning to the vision, while the natural wonder gives substance to those idealist concepts derived from Berkeley. As a reader of Borges＇s fictions, I yield up my personal identity to an impersonal dreaming consciousness that resembles Berkeley＇s mind as a consciousness sustaining the reality I perceive. Borges writes in his poem ＂Dawning＂ that ＂ideas are not like marble, everlasting, but ever-renewing like a forest or a river＂. The cataracts of Iguazu are both eternal and immortal, eternal in the sense of removing our consciousness of time and confusing past, present, and future in constant repetition, and immortal in the sense of only existing in individual drops of water constantly disappearing and renewing in infinite repetition. The cataracts are perfect emblems of this immortality. The cataracts are time, infinite moments of immortality, moving forward, accelerating, repeating themselves identically, until they achieve a certain eternity, no motion, suspended in time. I am Berkeley＇s Eternal Spirit, the consciousness evoked by Borges in his essay, ＂A New Refutation of Time＂. Distance from the immediate impact of the Falls helps transform fear and horror into sublimity. The closer to the Falls, the more the observer feels fear and anguish at his own insignificance, a fear of annihilation. Aesthetic distance requires an image or word, something that exempts us from immediate contact, and allows us to descend into the whirlpool and come back to the calm surface. The vision evoked in writing and reading fiction is both prior and subsequent to the reading. Our vision of the universe is always inexpressible, a problem of accommodating something overwhelming to the limited schemata we use to grasp existence.

关键词： Berkeley Borges Iguazu Falls eternity immortality

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Love Between the Lines——John Donne:A Valediction:Forbidding Mourning

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教师 2017年第11期 82-83页

作者：李秋凝河北大学

John Donne began life as the son of a prosperous London merchant who died when he was only four. His mother， a strong Catholic and daughter of John Heywood， a well-known writer and dramatist. As a young boy， he was an excellent student，going to Oxford University at the age of 12 and possibly Cambridge later， as well as Lincoln’s Inn， one of the law schools of the time.[1] He secretly married Lady Egerton's niece， seventeen-year-old Anne More， daughter of Sir George More. Donne dearly loved his wife， but they lived in relative poverty and difficult circumstances for a good many years. Donne wrote poetry all his life. In his 20s and 30s， he wrote some of his famous lyric poems， including the collections Satires and Songs and Sonnets. Donne is one of the most famous Metaphysical poets in the world. He came back into favor in the early twentieth century with the support of poet like T. S. Eliot and other modernists. Since then， he has maintained his position as one of the most admirable poets in British literature.[2] Donne's poetry embraces a wide range of secular and religious subjects. He wrote cynical verse about inconstancy， poems about true love，Neoplastic lyrics on the mystical union of lovers' souls and bodies and brilliant satires and hymns depicting his own spiritual struggles. In this paper，the author focus on two groups of comparisons to demonstrate her understanding. The first part is the different attitudes the laity and Donne take towards love. The second part is how the laity and Donne react when they are faced with separation.

关键词： Love Valediction Contrast eternity Metaphor

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永恒、自我与自然

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外国文学研究 2022年第1期

作者：黄增喜

《东方之旅》被认为是黑塞的重要转型之作，但由于运用了大量的密码式语言、象征和隐喻，其思想主旨与诸多细节都显得十分晦涩，历来争议颇多。本文立足于黑塞与伊利亚德在思想倾向、文化立场等方面的相似性，以后者的相关宗教理念为参... 详细信息

《东方之旅》被认为是黑塞的重要转型之作，但由于运用了大量的密码式语言、象征和隐喻，其思想主旨与诸多细节都显得十分晦涩，历来争议颇多。本文立足于黑塞与伊利亚德在思想倾向、文化立场等方面的相似性，以后者的相关宗教理念为参照，对《东方之旅》的乡愁主题进行尝试性的解析。在伊利亚德看来，宗教传达着人类对于完美的神话乐园之乡愁；虽然传统宗教在现代世界走向了衰落，但“乐园的乡愁”却在现代文化与文学艺术中得到大量的遗存。结合黑塞其他代表性作品来看，《东方之旅》中的乡愁包含“永恒”“自我”“自然”三个维度，与伊利亚德所言“乐园的乡愁”形成了诸多层面的呼应。具体而言：东方之旅既是人类克服时间性存在、寻归永恒家园的精神之旅，也是个体克服对极性存在、追寻整全自我的象征之旅，还是人类克服其与自然的对抗、恢复原初和谐的乌托邦之旅。虽然黑塞主要将克服现代精神危机的希望寄于艺术，但其对危机根源及克服危机之途的思考均带有浓郁的宗教底色，始终在艺术与宗教之间游移。就此而言，在《东方之旅》和黑塞此前作品之间并不存在截然的断裂，而是表现出明显的延续性。在伊利亚德宗教理论视阈中考量《东方之旅》，不仅有助于澄明作品中的诸多隐晦细节，也有可能为黑塞其他作品的研究提供一个整体性的参照。

关键词：《东方之旅》乐园的乡愁永恒自我自然 The Journey to the East nostalgia for paradise eternity ego nature

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在神學與哲學“之間”

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宗教 2024年第5期

作者：鄧定

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毛泽东对马克思主义中国化的探索与实践

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毛泽东思想 2003年第4期 11-14页

作者：董明发张华

在把马克思主义中国化的过程中，毛泽东进行了长时间的探索。毛泽东的一生可以分为两个阶段，第一阶段，把马克思主义与中国革命实际相结合，取得了成功；第二阶段，把马克思主义同中国社会主义建设相结合，历经曲折，最后误入歧途。本... 详细信息

在把马克思主义中国化的过程中，毛泽东进行了长时间的探索。毛泽东的一生可以分为两个阶段，第一阶段，把马克思主义与中国革命实际相结合，取得了成功；第二阶段，把马克思主义同中国社会主义建设相结合，历经曲折，最后误入歧途。本文通过对毛泽东探索马克思主义中国化历程的简单梳理，强凋马克思主义中国化的重要性、艰巨性和永恒性。

关键词：毛泽东马克思主义中国化 Mao Zedong Marxism the Chinese socialism importance hardship eternity

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An Analysis of Dickinson’s poem

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青春岁月 2011年第20期 283-283页

作者：王海莺西安工业大学外语系

The paper mainly focuses on analyzing the poet’s attitude towards death and immortality in this poem. Meanwhile,it also discusses images created by Dickinson. In this poem,Emily Dickinson uses remembered images of the past to clarify infinite conceptions through the establishment of a dialectical relationship between reality and imagination,the known and the unknown. By viewing this relationship holistically and hierarchically ordering the stages of life to include death and eternity,Dickinson suggests the interconnected and mutually determined nature of the finite and infinite.

关键词： death eternity dialectical relationship imagery

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