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Effect of coir geotextile and geocell on ephemeral gully erosion in the Mollisol region of Northeast China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第4期16卷 518-530页

作者： QIN Xijin SUN Yiqiu ZHANG Yan GUAN Yinghui WU Hailong WANG Xinyu WANG Guangyu School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Tianjin Eco-Environmental Protection Design&Research Institute Tianjin 300042China College of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering Tianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia2424 Main MallVancouver BC V6T 1Z4Canada

The unique geomorphological features and farming methods in the Mollisol region of Northeast China increase water catchment flow and aggravate the erosion of ephemeral gully(EG).Vegetation suffers from rain erosion and damage during the growth stage,which brings serious problems to the restoration of grass in the early stage.Therefore,effects of coir geotextile and geocell on EG erosion under four confluence intensities were researched in this study.Results of the simulated water discharge erosion test showed that when the confluence strength was less than 30 L/min,geocell and coir geotextile had a good effect on controlling EG erosion,and sediment yield of geocell and coir geotextile was reduced by 25.95%–37.82%and 73.73%–88.96%,respectively.However,when confluence intensity increased to 40 L/min,protective effect of coir geotextile decreased,and sediment yield rate increased sharply by 189.03%.When confluence intensity increased to 50 L/min,the protective effect of coir geotextile was lost.On the other hand,geocell showed that the greater the flow rate,the better the protective effect.In addition,with the increase in confluence intensity,erosion pattern of coir geotextile developed from sheet erosion to intermittent fall and then to completion of main rill,and the protective effect was gradually weakened.In contrast,the protective effect of EG under geocell was gradually enhanced from the continuous rill to the intermittent rill and finally to the intermittent fall.This study shows that coir geotextile and geocell can prevent EG erosion,and the effect of geocell is better than that of coir geotextile on the surface of EG.

关键词： geocell coir geotextile ephemeral gully confluence intensity erosion control

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中国南方崩岗侵蚀驱动因素的空间尺度效应

Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第5期34卷 942-962页

作者：刘政魏玉杰崔婷婷鲁浩蔡崇法 College of Resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Gully erosion,an integrated result of various social and environmental factors,is a severe problem for sustainable development and ecology security in southern China.Cur-rently,the dominant driving forces on gully distribution are shown to vary at different spatial scales.However,few systematic studies have been performed on spatial scaling effects in identifying driving forces for gully erosion.In this study,we quantitatively identified the de-terminants of gully distribution and their relative importance at four different spatial scales(southern China,Jiangxi province,Ganxian county,and Tiancun township,respectively)based on the Boruta algorithm.The optimal performance of gully susceptibility mapping was investigated by comparing the performance of the multinomial logistic regression(MLR),lo-gistic model tree(LMT),and random forest(RF).Across the four spatial scales,the total contributions of gully determinants were classified as lithology and soil(32.65%)≥topogra-phy(22.40%)>human activities(22.31%)>climate(11.32%)>vegetation(11.31%).Among these factors,precipitation(7.82%),land use and land cover(6.16%),rainfall erosivity(10.15%),and elevation(11.59%)were shown to be the predominant factors for gully erosion at the individual scale of southern China,province,county,and township,respectively.In addition,contrary to climatic factors,the relative importance of soil properties and vegetation increased with the decrease of spatial scale.Moreover,the RF model outperformed MLR and LMT at all the investigated spatial scales.This study provided a reference for factor selection in gully susceptibility modeling and facilitated the development of gully erosion management strategies suitable for different spatial scales.

关键词： gully erosion scaling effect erosion control gully susceptibility southern China

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A MODEL OF CROP MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FOR erosion control IN TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT

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International Journal of Sediment Research 1999年第1期 74-80页

作者： N.A. OZARA 1 and K.M. IBE 2

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１ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩｎａｎｅｆｏｒｔｔｏｐｒｏｖｉｄｅａｄｅｑｕａｔｅｆｏｏｄａｎｄｆｉｂｒｅｆｏｒｔｈｅｔｅｍｉｎｇｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ，ｍｏｓｔｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓｉｎｔｈｅｔｒｏｐｉｃｓｈａｖｅｏｐｅｎｅｄｕｐｔｈｅｉｒｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｖ...

关键词： Designing Crop management erosion control Tropical environment

Biochar granulation reduces substrate erosion on green roofs

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 164-176页

作者： Wenxi Liao Melanie A.Sifton Sean C.Thomas Institute of Forestry and Conservation John H Daniels Faculty of Architecture Landscape and DesignUniversity of Toronto33 Willcocks St.TorontoON M5S 3B3Canada

Green roofs are exposed to high winds and harsh environmental conditions that can degrade vegetation and erode substrate material,with negative consequences to ecosystem services.Biochar has been promoted as an effective substrate additive to enhance plant performance,but unprocessed biochars are susceptible to wind and water erosion.Applications of granulated biochars or chemical dust suppressants are suggested as a means to mitigate biochar and substrate erosion;however,research on biochar type and chemical dust suppressant use on biochar and substrate erosion is lacking.Vegetation is a crucial factor that influences substrate erosion,yet plant responses may vary with biochar type and chemical dust suppressant;thus,the effects of possible mitigation measures on biochar and substrate erosion are unclear.We investigated the effects of surface-applied granulated and unprocessed biochars and an organic dust suppressant(Entac™)on biochar and substrate erosion on green roofs with Sedum album L.and a native plant mix.Our results show that 94%of unprocessed biochars were lost from green roofs after 2 years regardless of the Entac™amendment,likely due to the lightweight nature and fragmentation of biochar particles.In contrast,granulation of biochars reduced the biochar erosion and total substrate erosion by 74%and 39%,respec-tively,possibly due to enhanced biochar bulk density and particle size and improved moisture retention of biochar-amended substrates.Additionally,Sedum album better reduced biochar and substrate erosion than the native plant mix,likely due to rapid development of high vegetation cover that reduced wind exposure and enhanced substrate moisture retention.We conclude that applications of granulated biochars can substantially reduce biochar and sub-strate erosion on green roofs,improving green roof sustainability.

关键词： Charcoal Post-processing Dust suppressant erosion control Vegetation Green infrastructure

Effect of combining biogeotextile and vegetation cover on the protection of steep slope of highway in northern China: A runoff plot experiment

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第3期38卷 387-395页

作者： Hongyuan Liu Liang Liu Keli Zhang Ren Geng Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration of Jiangsu Province Nanjing Forestry University School of Geography Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute

Biogeotextiles can be used to facilitate the formation of vegetation cover and to reduce soil erosion.Studies have demonstrated that only biogeotextile or vegetation cover can greatly reduce soil erosion.However, information about the effects of the combination of biogeotextile and vegetation cover on soil erosion is still limited, despite that the combination is the commonly practical form for bare road slope protection. Experimental plots, consisting of a relatively loose surface layer and a compacted sublayer,were constructed using movable soil-bin trolleys(200 × 100 × 40 cm3) filled with silt loam sieved through 1-cm screen. The plots were seeded with a seed mixture of tall fescue(Festuca elata Keng ex E.Alexeev) and alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) as a grass-legume regime. Then the plots were covered with three types of biogeotextile, i.e., coir blanket(CB), mixed coir-straw blanket(MB), and straw blanket(SB).A bare slope(BS) was constructed as the control experiment. Irrigation was applied to ensure vegetation germination and growth. Plant characteristics were measured after every 20 days. Laboratory simulated rainfall of 71 mm/h intensity was applied to each plot for 60 min after 20, 40, and 60 days. Surface runoff and sediment were collected every 5 min during rainfall. The results showed that the MB and SB promoted increased total emergence density of plants by 47% and 23%, respectively, compared to case of vegetation growth without biogeotextiles. The dense structure of the CB impeded the emergence of alfalfa, leading to 9% lower total emergence density. Compared with bare slope(0 day BS), biogeotextiles increased runoff by 3%(MB)-19%(CB) and reduced erosion by 96%(MB and SB)-98%(CB). After 60 days,vegetation cover reduced runoff by 54% and reduced erosion by 81% compared with the BS case. The combination of biogeotextile and vegetation cover reduced runoff by 44%(CB)-62%(SB) and reduced erosion by no less than 99% compared to the BS case. Compared with biogeotextile alone, the combination reduced runoff by

关键词： Biogeotextile Vegetation cover Slope protection Runoff control erosion control

PRINCIPLES OF RIVER TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2007年第4期22卷 247-262页

作者： Zhaoyin WANG1, Shimin TIAN2, Yujun YI3, and Guoan YU4 1 Prof., State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China 2 Ph. D., China Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-Power Research, Beijing 100044, China. 3 Ph. D., State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China 4 Ph. D., State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China China Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-Power Research Beijing 100044 China

River regulation and river training have been performed for various purposes and negative effects have been shown in numerous cases. In some cases the negative effects are so serious that humans have to consider to "renaturalize" the regulated rivers. Only by using the strategy of integrated river management the diverse river uses and natural fluvial processes and ecological systems may be harmonized. Based on analysis of case studies and data collected from literatures this paper presents the concept of integrated river management and four principles of river training. The integrated river management comprises: 1) taking the watershed, upper stream basin including the tributaries, middle and lower reaches and the estuary as an integrated entity in the planning, design and management; and 2) mitigating or controlling the negative impacts on hydrology, erosion and sedimentation, fluvial processes, land use and river use, environment and ecology while in achieving economic benefit from water resources development, flood safety management and hydropower exploitation. River training and management should be in accordance with the four principles: 1) extending the duration of river water flowing on the continent, which may be achieved by extending the river course or reducing the flow velocity; 2) controlling various patterns of erosions and reducing the sediment transportation in the rivers; 3) increasing the diversity of habitat and enhancing the connectivity between the river and riparian waters; and 4) restoring natural landscapes.

关键词： River training Integrated river management Sediment erosion control Ecological and landscape restoration

Partition-coordinated control of soil and water loss for chestnut forests in the Yanshan Mountain Region, China

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第1期34卷 58-64页

作者： Xinhui Ding Guangquan Liu Xiaoying Liu Yongsheng Xie Zhichun Yue China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research State Key Labof Water Recycle Modeling International Research and Training Center on erosion and Sedimentation Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of SciencesMinistry of Water Resources State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety Tianjin University

Soil erosion from chestnut forests is one of the most important factors causing land degradation in the Yanshan Mountain Region. A 2-year field study was done to compare the effects on erosion of a control plot(CP), a repaired and maintained horizontal ditch built with an engineering baffle every 6 m(MP 1),and a repaired and maintained horizontal ditch built with an engineering baffle every 8 m(MP 2). The results showed that the slope runoff of chestnut forests was influenced by rainfall characteristic factors.No single rainfall characteristic factor showed dominance for hill slope runoff. The runoff reduction effect of the partition-coordinated erosion control measures(MP 1 and MP 2) was substantial for chestnut forests under high rainfall intensity conditions. However, the runoff reduction efficiency was higher under the conditions of heavy rainfall and low average rainfall intensity than for storms with higher intensity and lower total rainfall. The reduction effect of the partition-coordinated erosion control measures on the runoff and sediment yield of chestnut forest slopes was MP 2 > MP 1 > CP. The runoff reduction rate and erosion reduction rate of MP 2 reached 61.70% and 97.41%, respectively, and that for MP 1 was 54.15% and 85.31%, respectively. Therefore, after a comprehensive comparison, MP 2 was determined to be more effective for soil erosion control for a sloping chestnut forest.

关键词： Chestnut forest Soil and water loss erosion control Runoff reduction rate erosion reduction rate

A Preliminary Experiment on Slope Rehabilitation with Vetiver and Native Plants in South China

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A Preliminary Experiment on Slope Rehabilitation with Vetive...