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Predicting and Suppressing Oversensing of a Pacemaker in Plain X-Ray Photography

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Open Journal of Radiology 2012年第4期2卷 128-133页

作者： Norihiko Akiba Masashi Takeda Giichiro Nakaya Osamu Nakamura Joel Matsumoto Kyoichi Ito Morio Shimada Kohki Yoshikawa Department of Clinical Engineering National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center Tokyo Japan Department of Radiological Technology Nihon Institute of Medical Science Moroyama Japan Department of Radiology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center Tokyo Japan Department of Radiology National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center Tokyo Japan Graduate Division of Medical Health Sciences in Graduate School of Komazawa University Tokyo Japan

We conducted experiments of oversensing generation of pacemaker (PM) and X-irradiation direction dependency of PM, and examined the oversensing suppression method, using 8 different types of PMs. It was found out from this experiment that oversensing would occur when some conditions (X-irradiation direction, X-irradiation intensity) are met. Oversensing occurred with the most low irradiation conditions (kV × mA) when PM was irradiated at 90° (vertically to C-MOS;Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor). The acuter the angle of irradiation is (α > 90° < α), the higher the irradiation conditions (kV × mA) at which oversensing start to occur. In plain X-ray photography, oversensing was confirmed under the irradiation conditions of (cervical spine, thoracic spine, lateral thoracic spine, rib, shoulder joint, collarbone, humerus, and chest).Once the irradiation angle and irradiation conditions (kV × mA) are available, oversensing is predictable to some extent. Our findings will help to predict oversensing generation of plain X-ray photography and suppress oversensing. Oversensing can be suppressed in most of the radiography by lowering tube current to 100 mA, but a 1.0 mm High-Density Tungsten Sheet must be put on PM in high tube voltage radiography.

关键词： Oversensing Pacemaker C-MOS General X-Ray equipment for Diagnosis

Clinical Evaluation of Fluido Compact<sup>®</sup>: A New Intravenous Fluid Warmer

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2017年第4期7卷 98-108页

作者： Juan M. Zaballos Lisette De la Cruz Department of Anesthesiology Policlínica Guipúzcoa Grupo Quirón Salud San Sebastián (Guipúzcoa) Spain

Unintended peri-operative hypothermia is very common in surgical patients and is associated with adverse outcomes. Perioperative use of forced-air and intravenous fluid warmers is recommended for hypothermia prevention. This study evaluated the ease of use of Fluido? Compact, a new fluid warming device, and its ability to help as part of the intraoperative patient temperature management. It was used in 36 patients undergoing scheduled surgery at risk of hypothermia under regional, general or combined anesthesia, of more than one hour duration and with a predicted intravenous fluid administration of at least 1000 ml. The fluid warmer is very easy to set up. The disposable cassette has a very low (3 ml) priming volume and it is easy to handle and to place inside the warming module. Once connected to the main power outlet, it is ready to deliver fluid at target temperature in just a few seconds. Control panel is intuitive, and the one button operation system makes it safe and convenient. The combination of peri-operative patient surface warming with Mistral?-Air forced-air warming system and intravenous fluid warming with Fluido? Compact, that allowed the administration of IV perfusions at body temperature at the rate needed thus avoiding heat loss, helps to maintain intraoperative core temperature between 36.4°C and 36.8°C. A group of patients undergo a variety of surgical procedures with neuraxial, general or combined epidural-general anesthesia.

关键词： Fluid Warming Perioperative Normothermia Anesthesia equipment

Analysis of a Questionnaire Survey regarding Current Conditions against Exposure to Anticancer Drugs and Reports of Cancer Chemotherapy at Outpatient Departments in Japan

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2017年第5期8卷 140-152页

作者： Tsuyoshi Shirakawa Tomoko Hara Kojiro Hata Kojiro Hata Kimitaka Suetsugu Hideki Kakimoto Kentaro Ogata Yousuke Ikari Hidenori Sasaki Makoto Takahashi Masaru Fukahori Miyuki Uoi Taito Esaki Mikako Hiraike Toshinobu Hayashi Akira Tokunaga Norio Ureshino Tsuneo Kuwamura Hitoshi Kusaba Kenji Mitsugi Eishi Baba Department of Pharmacy National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center Fukuoka Japan Department of Oncology Miyazaki Prefectural Miyazaki Hospital Miyazaki Japan Department of Internal Medicine Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital Fukuoka Japan Department of Pharmacy Hamanomachi Hospital Fukuoka Japan Department of Pharmacy Kyushu University Hospital Fukuoka Japan Department of Pharmacy Fukuoka University Hospital Fukuoka Japan Department of Practical Pharmaceutical Science Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan Division of Medical Oncology Hematology and Infection Diseases Fukuoka University Hospital Fukuoka Japan Department of Pharmacy Kurume University Hospital Fukuoka Japan Division of Gastroenterology Kurume University Department of Medicine Fukuoka Japan Department of Pharmacy National Kyushu Cancer Center Fukuoka Japan Department of Gastrointestinal and Medical Oncology National Kyushu Cancer Center Fukuoka Japan Department of Pharmacy National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center Fukuoka Japan Department of Pharmacy Saga-Ken Medical Centre Koseikan Saga Japan Department of Medical Oncology Saga-Ken Medical Centre Koseikan Saga Japan Department of Pharmacy Japan Community Healthcare Organization Kyushu Hospital Fukuoka Japan Department of Medicine and Comprehensive Biosystemic Science Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Fukuoka Japan Department of Medical Oncology Hamanomachi Hospital Fukuoka Japan Department of Comprehensive Clinical Oncology Faculty of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan

[Background] Medical staff have many occasions to be exposed to anticancer drugs (ACDs) in the process of performing cancer chemotherapy. Although guidelines for the safe handling of ACDs have been published, actual measures against exposure to ACDs differ between hospitals, and no surveillance data regarding the conditions of each hospital in relation to performing chemotherapy in Japan are available. [Methods] To understand current measures against exposure to ACDs and problems related to cancer chemotherapy at outpatient departments, we conducted a questionnaire survey on doctors, pharmacists, and nurses in 10 leading hospitals for cancer chemotherapy in Japan. [Results] Responses were received from all 10 institutions. The hospital pharmacists prepared all ACDs for outpatients in each institution. All hospitals took basic measures against ACD exposure, such as using personal protective equipment and penetration-resistant waste containers. Conditions against exposure to ACDs generally improved between 2012 and 2015, especially in terms of conveyance of ACDs and use of a closed-system drug transfer device. However, no measures linking ACDs with administration routes or injection sites were commonly taken in any of the hospitals in 2015. [Conclusions] Conditions against ACD exposure improved between 2012 and 2015, possibly because new guidelines were issued. To improve measures for ACD exposure in Japan, preparing more appropriate manuals and offering more opportunities to medical staff for continuing education are considered important.

关键词： Exposure Anticancer Drugs Measurement Personal Protective equipment Outpatient Service

Investigation and Comparison of 2.4 GHz Wearable Antennas on Three Textile Substrates and Its Performance Characteristics

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Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2017年第3期5卷 110-120页

作者： M. I. Ahmed M. F. Ahmed A. A. Shaalan Microstrip Department Electronics Research Institute Giza Egypt Department of Communication & Electronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt

In this paper, two different methods were used for investigating the RF characteristics of three types of textile materials. Goch, Jeans and Leather substrates were studied. A microstrip ring resonator method and DAK (Dielectric Assessment Kit) method were used. Bluetooth antennas were designed and fabricated using these substrates. The results were compared for the two methods. The bending effect of these antennas on its impedance characteristics due to human body movements was also studied. Finally, all antennas were simulated by CST simulator version 2016, fabricated using folded cupper and measured by Agilent 8719ES VNA. The measured results agree well with the simulated results.

关键词： Wearable Antenna Textile Material Ring Resonator Method DAK equipment Antenna Bending

Grounding Systems for Power Supply Facilities

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Energy and Power Engineering 2019年第1期11卷 1-14页

作者： Vladimir Anatolevich Konusarov Evgeniy Alekseevich Shutov Tatyana Evgenievna Turukina Division for Power and Electrical Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk Russia

The goal of this work is creation of optimal grounding model at the substation 10/0.4 kV of the urban power distribution network. The electric current can pose a major threat to the man’s life and health. In addition to pose a threat for health, the rise of the short circuit, as a consequence of insulation faults, poses a threat to retirement of electric systems and fire risks. The reliable grounding system design has significant implications for protection of human being as well as for electrical facility protection. The set objective was performed on the base of analytical and software-based methods. Analytical method gives a qualitative indication at each step in analysis. It also allows evaluating the values effect on the result, but the method is not susceptible of tolerable accuracy, that is why analytical method serves as initial approximation in differentiating. Specified estimation can be performed in such software package as MATLAB or ETAP. Software-based estimation is based on the finite element method (FEM), the main advantage of which is the ability to create different forms of grounding and allows obtaining distribution graphs of the step potential on the earth’s surface and touch potential. The calculation results in comparison of analytical and software-based methods taking into account the grounding optimization. There are conclusions on the most effective ground network.

关键词： Grounding Device Current-Using equipment Short-Circuit Fault Single Phase-to-Ground Fault Main Step Down Substation (MSDS) TN-C TN-S TN-C-S TT IT Indirect Contact Step Potential FEM IEEE

Performance of Prototype Pneumatic Boxing Gloves under Two Different Conditions of Target Padding

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2018年第3期6卷 603-624页

作者： Paul Perkins Alex Jamieson Wayne Spratford Allan Hahn University of Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia Boxing Australia Limited Canberra Australia Queensland Academy of Sport Brisbane Australia Griffith University Brisbane Australia

The impact damping capabilities of four different boxing gloves were assessed under two different conditions of target padding to determine whether target characteristics might influence previous conclusions concerning potential for impact mitigation through novel glove design. A conventional 10?oz glove (Std 10?oz), a conventional 16?oz glove (Std 16?oz), a prototype pneumatic glove with a sealed bladder (SBLI) and a prototype pneumatic glove with a bladder allowing air exchange with the external environment (ARLI) were each dropped three times on to a force plate from six heights ranging from 2.5 to 5.0 metres. The force plate was covered by a 50 mm thick mat of EVA material and results obtained were compared with those of an earlier experiment involving use of a similar protocol but a 25 mm thick EVA force plate covering. The thicker mat greatly reduced peak impact forces for all gloves, with values for the Std 10?oz glove becoming much closer to those reported by other researchers for punches delivered by elite boxers to crash test manikins. Peak rates of force development were also substantially decreased. Protective effects provided by the ARLI glove relative to the Std 10?oz glove were diminished but still in the order of 17%?-?22% for peak impact force and 27%?-?49% for peak rate of force development across the range of drop heights. With the 50 mm mat thickness, the SBLI glove was as effective as the ARLI glove in reducing peak impact force, whereas this was not the case with the 25 mm mat. It was, however, always inferior to the ARLI glove in decreasing peak rate of force development. The ability of the ARLI glove to afford protection across a spectrum of impact conditions could yield important practical advantages.

关键词： Boxing Safety Low-Impact Boxing Gloves Modified Boxing Protective equipment for Boxing Sport Technology Sport Safety

Effect of Pneumatic Boxing Gloves on Impact Kinematics and Their Relationship to Impact Forces

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2019年第3期7卷 472-512页

作者： Paul Perkins Alex Jamieson Wayne Spratford Allan Hahn University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Canberra Australia Boxing Australia Limited Canberra Australia Queensland Academy of Sport Brisbane Australia Griffith University Brisbane Australia

This study was aimed at improved understanding of the mechanisms of previously reported protective effects of a pneumatic boxing glove. A Motion Capture System was used to obtain velocity data from four different boxing gloves dropped on to a force plate from nine heights ranging from 1 to 5 metres. Two gloves were of the conventional type but differed in mass. The other two were prototype pneumatic gloves. One of these (SBLI) had a sealed bladder while the other (ARLI) incorporated a port allowing air exchange with the external environment. The pneumatic gloves decelerated more slowly than the conventional gloves following impact and compressed through a greater absolute distance. Consequently, they took longer to reach zero velocity. As drop height increased, these trends became more pronounced for the ARLI glove than the SBLI glove. Increase in velocity during rebound was also slower for the pneumatic gloves. The ARLI glove had a lower coefficient of restitution than any of the other gloves at low to moderate drop heights but not at high drop heights. The SBLI glove had a higher coefficient of restitution than the other gloves at all drop heights from 2 metres upwards. This indicated that, overall, the ARLI glove was the most effective, and the SBLI glove the least effective, in dissipating the kinetic energy of impact through conversion to other energy forms. For all gloves at all drop heights, peak positive acceleration at the beginning of rebound was of lower absolute magnitude than peak negative acceleration at the end of compression. The influence of drop height on an index characterising this relationship differed between the conventional and pneumatic gloves, possibly reflecting structural changes to gloves as impact energy increased. The conventional and pneumatic gloves differed regarding temporal alignment between key kinematic and kinetic events, and there were some differences between the two pneumatic gloves in this respect. Nevertheless, peak glove

关键词： Pneumatic Boxing Gloves Boxing Safety Modified Boxing Sport Safety Sport Technology Sports equipment Design Coefficient of Restitution Elas-tic-Plastic Impacts

The Cost Control of Motor Housing Process

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International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management 2019年第3期24卷 187-192页

作者： XU Run Metallurgical Engineering Department Gyeongsang National University

As for the assembly line of cost control of Toyota company in, the motor housing also needs cost control. Because the supply quantity of small motor is very large every month, the production line is needed to solve this problem. In addition to the control of equipment, personnel quantities and wages, the introduction of raw materials also needs to be controlled. Only in this way can we fundamentally solve the problem of high cost and low profit.

关键词： motor housing process cost control motor stamping equipment

Bromination of Pd Compounds during Thermal Decomposition of Tetrabromobisphenol A

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Engineering（科研） 2018年第4期10卷 187-201页

作者： Shunsuke Kuzuhara Ayaka Sano National Institute of Technology Sendai College Miyagi Japan Senju Metal Industry Co. Ltd Tokyo Japan

We conducted thermal tests using the reagent tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and various Pd compounds to study the chemical forms of Pd obtained during the pyrolytic and oxidative decomposition of TBBPA. Thermal testing was conducted in an electric furnace at temperatures of 280°C - 800°C in an Ar or Ar-O2 (5%) atmosphere for a heating period of 40 min. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results revealed that Pd bromide was formed in the mixture of TBBPA and PdO after heating to 450°C in the Ar atmosphere. In addition, thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis showed that as the heating temperature was increased from 350°C to 730°C, weight loss occurred at a nearly constant rate, indicating that Pd bromide decomposed in this temperature range.

关键词： Tetrabromobisphenol A Palladium Waste Electrical and Electronic equipment Bromination Thermal Processes