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Phenotypic plasticity in the monoclonal marbled crayfish is associated with very low genetic diversity but pronounced epigenetic diversity

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Current Zoology 2023年第4期69卷 426-441页

作者： Günter Vogt Faculty of Biosciences University of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 23469120 HeidelbergGermany

Clonal organisms are particularly useful to investigate the contribution of epigenetics to phenotypic plasticity,because confounding effects of genetic variation are *** the last decade,the apomictic parthenogenetic marbled crayfish,Procambarus virginalis,has been developed as a model to investigate the relationships between phenotypic plasticity and genetic and epigenetic diversity in *** crayfish originated about 30 years ago by autotriploidy from a single slough crayfish Procambarus *** the result of human releases and active spreading,marbled crayfish has established numerous populations in very diverse habitats in 22 countries from the tropics to cold temperate *** in the laboratory and field revealed considerable plasticity in coloration,spination,morphometric parameters,growth,food preference,population structure,trophic position,and niche *** and PacBio whole-genome sequencing of marbled crayfish from representatives of 19 populations in Europe and Madagascar demonstrated extremely low genetic diversity within and among populations,indicating that the observed phenotypic diversity and ability to live in strikingly different environments are not due to adaptation by selection on genetic *** contrast,considerable differences were found between populations in the DNA methylation patterns of hundreds of genes,suggesting that the environmentally induced phenotypic plasticity is mediated by epigenetic mechanisms and corresponding changes in gene *** DNA methylation fingerprints persisted in local populations over successive years indicating the existence of epigenetic ecotypes,but there is presently no information as to whether these epigenetic signatures are transgenerationally inherited or established anew in each generation and whether the recorded phenotypic plasticity is adaptive or nonadaptive.

关键词： DNA methylation environmental adaptation epigenetics epigenetic ecotypes marbled crayfish phenotypic plasticity whole-genome sequencing

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