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environmental risk assessment for Exploration and Extraction Processes of Unconventional Hydrocarbon Deposits of Shale Gas and Tight Gas:Pomeranian and Carpathian Region Case Study as Largest Onshore Oilfields

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Journal of Earth Science 2020年第1期31卷 215-222页

作者： Monika Wojcik Wojciech Kostowski Polish Oil and Gas Company Warszawa 01-224Poland Silesian University of Technology Institute of Thermal TechnologyGliwice 44-100Poland

Shale gas and tight gas exploration and extraction processes create potential threats to the *** Poland,no comprehensive guidelines for environmental risk assessment have been prepared so *** paper presents a proposal of environmental risk assessment methodology which can be used for corporate risk management procedures during exploration and extraction of unconventional hydrocarbons in *** most frequent environmental threats that may occur during the exploration and exploitation of unconventional hydrocarbon deposits include degradation of soils through construction of drilling rigs and access roads,landforms change,local soil pollution caused by fuels,cleaning agents and materials used to prepare drilling fluids,rubble,cement,gravel,pollution of surface and underground water as a result of emergency discharges of sewage,infiltration of pollution from waste reservoirs,disturbance of hydrogeological equilibrium through significant water intake,noise and atmospheric pollution resulting from the combustion of *** check the level of these threats' six exploration sites form Pomeranian and Carpathian region of Poland(3 wells of shale gas and 3 wells of tight gas) have been evaluated in detail,and the risk quantification has been *** of a local,short-term and reversible environment impact,the environmental risks for the exploration and extraction processes of unconventional hydrocarbons have been found to be medium or negligibly *** is recommended that using the same methodology for other regions of Poland where we can find unconventional hydrocarbons and it can be enriched in dedicated application with spatial maps to give the investors a quick feedback on the potential environmental risks.

关键词： environmental risk assessment sustainable development shale gas tight gas drilling rig environment pollution

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Modeling the fate of paddy field pesticide in surface water and environmental risk assessment

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2000年第3期12卷 337-343页

作者： LI Shi\|yu 1, Tohru Morioka 2 (1. Institute of environmental Science, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510275, China. E-mail: eeslsy@*** 2.Department of environmental Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada oka 2 1, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan. E- 中山大学广东广州 51 0 2 75 Osaka University 日本 Osaka 56 5

The risk of drinking water is greatly concerned because of the large amount of pesticide applied to paddy field and the contamination of drinking water sources due to the runoff. A mathematical model is developed, based on the mass balance, to predict the fate of paddy field pesticides from application, runoff and mixing in a river, taking account of the physical chemical properties and processes of volatilization, degradation, adsorption and desorption. The model is applied to a river basin in Japan to estimate the contaminant level of several popularly used pesticides at the water intakes. The health risk in drinking water induced by each pesticide concerned is estimated and evaluated by comparing with the acceptable daily intake values(ADI) and with that induced by trihalomethanes. An index to evaluate the total risk of all pesticides appearing in water is proposed. The methods for risk management are also discussed.

关键词： modeling pesticide paddy field environmental risk assessment drinking water

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environmental risk assessment of Chemical Projects——A Case Study of a Polystyrene Production Project

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Meteorological and environmental Research 2013年第10期4卷 28-31页

作者： Yeming Li Xin Wang Tieli Xiang Wei Liu Tianjin environmental Impact assessment Center

Taking a polystyrene production project as an example, according to Technical Guidelines for environmental risk assessment of Con- struction Projects （HJ/T169-2004）, we firstly identity the risk of substances and production process to determine the major source of danger, and then conduct source analysis and consequence prediction of the maximum credible accident, finally assess the environmental risk of the project and propose main risk management measures. The results reveal that the environmental risk of the project is acceptable, and it is suggested that some dsk prevention and mitigation measures as well as contingency plans should be established.

关键词： Styrene environmental risk assessment Case study China

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environmental risk assessment FOR METALS AND METAL COMPOUNDS

ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR METALS AND METAL COMPOUNDS

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中国毒理学会第七次全国毒理学大会暨第八届湖北科技论坛

作者： Renjun Gao Bryce Landenberger Dow Chemical(China) Investment Company Limited The Dow Chemical Company

Both the US environmental Protection Agency（EPA） and EU European Chemicals Agency（ECHA）recognized that metals present unique risk assessment *** have developed framework documents that identify key scientific principles for metals risk assessments and ensure consistency across the Academic,regulatory and industry *** poster will present the building blocks of a risk characterization strategy for managing the potential risks presented by metal/metal *** issues to consider when conducting a risk assessment for metals and metal compounds include:1) metals are a class of chemicals of natural origin with a long history of use,2)metals in the environment can occur from natural sources and historic emissions,3) the adequacy of available monitoring data to determine natural,baseline,and ambient background concentrations,4) speciation of the metals in environmental media,5) the adsorption/desorption behaviour of a metal,and 6) the differences in（bio）avalibility of a *** data-limited metals,modeling is the only way to estimate emissions and Predicted environmental Concentrations（PECs）.For data- rich metals,a combination of modeling and the use of monitoring data is often an appropriate way to identify the predominant *** relative importance of all these factors varies from metal to metal and depends on environmental ***,pH is generally regarded as the most important factor in soils and in aquatic *** choice of the solid-liquid distribution coefficient（Kd） values has important consequences for the outcome of the exposure *** Kd values will result in larger PEC and higher potential for exposure from water,and large Kd values will lead to a large PEC in soils and *** poster will give an overview of the various steps that can be distinguished for selecting the most appropriate Kd value to be used for metals and metal compounds risk *** toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of metals

关键词： environmental risk assessment metals metal compounds solid-liquid distribution coefficient Predicted No Effect Concentration Predicted environmental Concentration

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Geochemical sampling with special reference to environmental risk assessment

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Acta Geochimica 2006年第S1期 25-26页

作者： William Pulle Pulles Howard & De Lange Inc.Auckland Park Johannesburg 2006 South Africa

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Basic Principles and Process of environmental risk assessment

Basic Principles and Process of Environmental Risk Assessmen...

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中国毒理学会环境与生态毒理学专业委员会第二届学术研讨会...

作者： GAO Ren-jun,DONG Jing The Dow Chemical China Company,Beijing 100738,China

environmental risk assessment(ERA) is a process whereby toxicity and exposure estimations are evaluated for the likelihood that the intended use of a chemical will adversely affect terrestrial,aquatic wildlife,plants,and other *** process consists of toxicological characterization,exposure assessment and risk *** testing identifies concentrations that,when administered to test organism,result in a measurable adverse biological *** measured concentrations and associated toxicity end-points basically describe what the chemical does to the *** levels of a chemical and descriptions of potential adverse effects are developed using a tiered *** 1 studies,the most fundamental,are primarily acute laboratory studies that examine concentrations necessary to cause mortality or acute sublethal effects. Tier 2 involves long-term,reproduction and life cycle studies that provide more complex data of the chemical’s impact on the entire life cycle of test *** 3 studies examine the impact of a chemical on test organism in simulated environmental or acute field *** processes result in transformation,transfer,and transportation of *** characterization of environmental fate assesses what the environment does to the chemical so that environmental exposure of an organism can be *** of a chemical substance’s environmental fate is essential to accurate estimation of the form and amount of the chemical substance that wildlife and aquatic organisms might encounter in the *** and field studies make it possible to predict how much of a molecule and its metabolites might reach non-target *** Estimated environmental Concentration(EEC) is an estimate of how much of a chemical might reach non-target areas,potentially exposing wildlife,bees,worms,aquatic animals,and *** generally are predicted for ground and surface water,soil,and non-targe

关键词： environmental risk assessment toxicological characterization exposure assessment risk characterization Estimated environmental Concentration(EEC) level-of-concern analysis weight-of-evidence analysis

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Prey-mediated effects of mCry51Aa2-producing cotton on the predatory nontarget bug Orius majusculus(Reuter)

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Insect Science 2023年第4期30卷 1191-1206页

作者： Anja Boss Jorg Romeis Michael Meissle Research Division Agroecology and Environment AgroscopeZurichSwitzerland Institute of Plant Sciences University of BernBernSwitzerland

Genetically engineered(GE)cotton,MON 88702,is protected against cer-tain sucking pests,such as plant bugs and thrips,by producing mCry51Aa2,a mod-ified protein from Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt).Predatory pirate bugs(Orius spp.),natural enemies contributing to biological pest control,are also sensitive to the insecti-cidal protein when exposed continuously to high *** evaluated effects of MON 88702 on Orius majusculus when fed prey types with different mCry51Aa2 *** neonates were provided exclusively Tetranychus urticae spider mites reared on MON 88702(high mCry51Aa2 content),adverse effects on predator survival and de-velopment were confirmed,compared with specimens fed prey from near-isogenic non-Bt *** fed a mixture of *** and Ephestia kuehniella eggs(mCry51Aa2-free),predator life table parameters were similar to the treatment where eggs were fed *** mCry51Aa2-containing spider mites were provided for a limited time at the beginning or the end of juvenile development,effects were less *** pirate bug nymphs showed similar consumption rates for prey from Bt and non-Bt cotton,choice experiments revealed a preference for *** eggs over spider *** larvae(Spodoptera littoralis,high mCry51Aa2 content)or cotton aphids(Aphis gossypii,mCry51Aa2-free)reared on MON 88702 as alternative prey did not result in adverse ef-fects on *** study suggests limited risk of mCry51Aa2-producing cotton for ***,because its sensitivity for the Bt protein is relatively low and its natural food consists of diverse prey species with varying concentrations of Bt protein.

关键词： ecosystem services environmental risk assessment enzyme-linked im-munosorbent assay(ELISA) genetically modified crops Heteroptera Anthocoridae tritrophic interactions

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Stricter regulation applies to antimicrobial substances when used as biocides compared to cosmetics under current EU legislation

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Emerging Contaminants 2022年第1期8卷 229-242页

作者： Diana Kaattstroom Anna Beronius Christina Ruden MarleneÅgerstrand Department of environmental Science Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden Institute of environmental Medicine Karolinska InstituteStockholmSweden

Antimicrobial substances are substances that have the ability to kill or slow down the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria,algae and *** of microorganisms to low concentrations of antimicrobial substances may lead to the development of antimicrobial *** protect human health and the environment and to limit resistance,the risks for the release of these substances into the environment should be minimized from all *** the current EU legal framework,some specific uses of antimicrobial substances are strictly regulated whereas others are *** antimicrobial substances are used as active substances in biocidal products,such as disinfectants,they are regulated by Biocidal Products *** the same substances are used as preservatives in cosmetic products they fall under Cosmetic Products *** this paper,we investigated how the regulation of antimicrobial substances differ when used in biocidal products compared to cosmetic *** was achieved by performing a systematic comparison using document analysis with focus on aims,scope,information requirements,and risk assessment procedures for biocidal active substances and cosmetic *** of the main differences identified is that no environmental data or environmental risk assessment are required for approval of cosmetic *** contrast,environmental data and risk assessment for both the active substances and one representative product would be required for the approval of the same substance if used as a biocidal active *** means first that a substance not approved for use in biocidal products due to its hazardous environmental properties can still be approved as a cosmetic *** second,the environmental release of antimicrobial substances from cosmetic products remains unassessed and uncontrolled,despite the obvious risks of cosmetic ingredients being emitted into the environment via *** this,we recommend that

关键词： Biocides Cosmetics Chemicals regulation environmental risk assessment One substance one assessment Antimicrobial substances

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Occurrence,spatial and seasonal variation,and environmental risk of pharmaceutically active compounds in the Pearl River basin,South China

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第4期17卷 83-95页

作者： Haojun Lei Kaisheng Yao Bin Yang Lingtian Xie Guangguo Ying SCNU environmental Research Institute Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety&MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of EnvironmentSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of Environment South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group Wageningen University6700 AA WageningenNetherlands

The occurrence,fate,and environmental risk of 40 pharmaceutically active compounds(PhACs)from surface waters and sediments were comprehensively investigated in the Beijiang River,Xijiang River,and Maozhou River of the Pearl River basin,South *** acid and diclofenac(antiinflammatory drugs),gemfibrozil(a lipid regulator),carbamazepine(an antiepileptic drug),diazepam(a psychoactive drug),and 2-methyl-4-chloro-phenoxyacetic acid(MCPA,a pesticide)were the most ubiquitous compounds in the studied *** average concentrations of detected PhACs in surface waters and sediments ranged from 0.17 to 19.1 ng/L and 0.10 to 10.4 ng/g,***,PhACs concentration in surface waters and sediments varied greatly among and within the Beijiang River,Xijiang River,and Maozhou *** largest annual flux of PhACs of the Xijiang River and Beijiang River was more than 11000 kg per annum,whereas only 25.7 kg/a in the Maozhou *** addition,the estimated emissions of PhACs in the Beijiang River,Xijiang River,and Maozhou River ranged respectively from 0.28 to 4.22 kg/a,0.12 to 6.72 kg/a,and 6.66 to 91.0 kg/a,and the backestimated usage varied with a range from 12.0 to 293 kg/a,6.79 to 944 kg/a,368 to 17459 kg/***,the emissions of PhACs showed a close relationship with the gross domestic product(GDP)of each city along the Pearl *** environmental risk assessment suggested that diazepam and ibuprofen had a moderate risk in this region.

关键词： Pharmaceutically active compounds Occurrence Spatiotemporal variations Pearl River environmental risk assessment

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assessment of popular techniques for co-processing municipal solid waste in Chinese cement kilns

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第4期16卷 139-151页

作者： Hua Long Yang Liao Changhao Cui Meijia Liu Zeiwei Liu Li Li Wenzheng Hu Dahai Yan State Key Laboratory of environmental Criteria and risk assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China College of Chemistry and Materials Science Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610068China Zibo environmental Pollution Prevention and Control Center Zibo 255000China

Cement kiln co-processing techniques have been developed in the past 20 years in China,and more than 60 factories now use fermentation,screening,and gasification pre-treatment techniques to coprocess municipal solid waste(MSW).There three complete MSW pre-treatment techniques,coprocessing procedures,and environmental risk assessments have been described in few *** this study,we assessed the effectiveness of each *** results suggested that the pollutant content released by each pre-treatment technology was lower than the emission *** reveal the mechanisms of pollutant migration and enrichment,the substances in the kiln and kiln products are *** input of co-processing materials(Co-M)produced by fermentation caused formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzoftiran(PCDD/Fs)in the bypass flue gas(By-gas)in excess of the regulatory *** Co-M input produced by the screening and gasifier technologies caused the total organic carbon(TOC)concentration to exceed the *** addition,the NOx,TOC,and PCDD/Fs in the By-gas exceeded the regulatory *** meal was the primary chlorine and heavy metals input stream,and clinker(CK)and cement kiln dust(CKD)accounted for>90%of the total chlorine output *** gas and CKD were the primary volatile heavy metal(Hg)output *** than 70%of the semi-volatile heavy metals(Cd,Pb,T1 and Se)distributed in hot raw meal and bypass cement kiln *** low-volatility heavy metals were concentrated in the *** results indicated that co-processing techniques used in China still require improvement.

关键词： Cement kiln Co-processing environmental risk assessment By-pass system

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