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Metalens-based stereoscopic microscope

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Photonics Research 2022年第6期10卷 1501-1508页

作者： YONG LONG JIANCHAO ZHANG ZHIHAO LIU WEIBIN FENG SONGMING GUO QIAN SUN QINFEI WU XIANGYANG YU JIANYING ZHOU EMILIANO RMARTINS HAOWEN LIANG JUNTAO LI State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of PhysicsSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519080China São Carlos School of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of São PauloSão CarlosSP 13566-590Brazil

Stereoscopic microscopy is a promising technology to obtain three-dimensional microscopic images.Such microscopes are based on the parallax effect,and as such require two lenses to focus at two different points.Geometrical constraints,however,restrict their numerical apertures to about 0.2,thus limiting the system’s resolution.Higher numerical apertures(.35)can be achieved with designs using only one bulk lens,but such systems are0 times more costly than the conventional ones.Thus,there is a pressing need for alternative solutions to improve the resolution of stereoscopic systems.Here,we show that high-resolution and low-cost stereoscopic systems can be obtained using birefringent single-layer metalenses.We design and fabricate a birefringent metalens operating at 532 nm with a numerical aperture as high as 0.4.The metalens is then used to demonstrate high-resolution stereoscopic imaging of biological samples.The microscopic images are further displayed and perceived vividly in an autostereoscopic display.Our demonstration paves the way to a new strategy to achieve high-resolution and low-cost stereoscopic microscopes.

关键词： resolution ens stereoscopic

Focusing enhanced broadband metalens via height optimization

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Optoelectronics Letters 2022年第2期18卷 72-76页

作者： WANG Junjie CHEN Deli WANG Zhan XUE Qi SUN Xiaohong Henan Key Laboratory of Laser and Opto-electric Information Technology School of Information EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Metalenses are two-dimensional planar metamaterial lenses, which have the advantages of high efficiency and easy integration. Based on the method of spatial multiplexing, a metalens with a wide working waveband is designed by arranging Ti O2 nanopillars under the resonance phase regulation. In addition, choosing an assistant metalens with optimized heights is effective to enhance metalens’ s focusing, which is also illustrated in this paper. The metalens, designed with numerical aperture(NA) of 0.72 and center working wavelength of 600 nm, achieves the working waveband of 550-660 nm, the focus point’s size of below 420 nm, and the focusing efficiency of more than 30%.

关键词： Focus ens multiplexing

Yunnanilus chuanheensis, a new loach species(Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae) from the upper Lixianjiang River in Yunnan, China

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Zoological Research 2021年第2期42卷 241-245页

作者： Wan-Sheng Jiang Ya-Peng Zhao Li-Na Du Mo Wang Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Chinese Giant Salamander’s Resource Protection and Comprehensive Utilization and Key Laboratory of Hunan Forest and Chemical Industry EngineeringJishou UniversityZhangjiajieHunan 427000China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Fish Breeding Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan and Faculty of Biodiversity ConservationSouthwest Forestry UniversityKunmingYunnan 650224China Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University) Ministry of EducationGuilinGuangxi 541004China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology College of Life ScienceGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinGuangxi 541004China

DEAR EDITOR,A new loach species(Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae:Yunnanilini), Yunnanilus chuanheensis sp. nov., was caught from Chuanhe in the upper reaches of the Lixianjiang River, a tributary of the Red River in Nanjian County, Yunnan Province, China. This species is a member of the traditional Y.pleurotaenia species group based on the presence of a lateral line and cephalic lateral-line canals.

关键词： China. ens Chuan

Molecular phylogeny of the genus Muntiacus with special emphasis on the phylogenetic position of Muntiacus gongshanensis

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Zoological Research 2021年第2期42卷 212-216页

作者： Yun-Chun Zhang Ye Htet Lwin Ren Li Kyaw-Win Maung Guo-Gang Li Rui-Chang Quan Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences&Center for Integrative ConservationXishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Forest Research Institute Forest Department Ministry of Environmental Conservation and ForestryYezinNay Pyi Taw 05282Myanmar College of Life Sciences Qinghai Normal UniversityXiningQinghai 810008China Center of Conservation Biology Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of ScienceMenglaYunnan 666303China

DEAR EDITOR,Muntjac deer(Cervidae: Muntiacus) are often cited as an excellent model for the study of vertebrate evolution due to their fast rate of change in chromosome number among vertebrates. However, the phylogenetic relationships within Muntiacus generally, and the taxonomic status of Muntiacus gongshanensis specifically, remain unclear.

关键词： phylogeny Molecular ens

FGF23 and Phosphate Wasting Disorders

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Bone Research 2013年第2期1卷 120-132页

作者： Xianglan Huang Yan Jiang Weibo Xia Department of Endocrinology Key Laboratory of EndocrinologyMinistry of HealthPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences

A decade ago, only two hormones, parathyroid hormone and 1,25（OH）2D, were widely recognized to direct-ly affect phosphate homeostasis. Since the discovery of fibroblast growth factor 23 （FGF23） in 2000 （1）, our understanding of the mechanisms of phosphate homeostasis and of bone mineralization has grown exponentially. FGF23 is the link between intestine, bone, and kidney together in phosphate regulation. However, we still do not know the complex mechanism of phosphate homeostasis and bone mineralization. The physiological role of FGF23 is to regulate serum phosphate. Secreted mainly by osteocytes and osteo- blasts in the skeleton （2-3）, it modulates kidney handling of phosphate reabsorption and calcitriol produc-tion. Genetic and acquired abnormalities in FGF23 structure and metabolism cause conditions of either hyper-FGF23 or hypo-FGF23. Hyper-FGF23 is related to hypophosphatemia, while hypo-FGF23 is related to hyperphosphatemia. Both hyper-FGF23 and hypo-FGF23 are detrimentalto humans. In this review, we will discuss the vathovhvsiology of FGF23 and hvver-FGF23 related renal vhosvhate wasting disorders （4）.

关键词： FGF23 Klotho hypophosphatemic rickets XLH ADHR ARHR ens OGD NF McCune Albrightsyndrome DMP-1 PHEX

LXA4、Ang-2、ens检测在子宫内膜异位症痛经患者中的临床价值研究

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LXA4、Ang-2、ENS检测在子宫内膜异位症痛经患者中的临床价值研究

作者：贾璇青岛大学

学位级别：硕士

目的:通过检测子宫内膜异位症(Endometriosis,EMS)患者的血清中免疫脂氧素A4(Immune lipoxin A4,LXA4)、血管生成素-2(Angiopoietin-2,Ang-2)、内皮抑素(Endostatin,ens)水平变化,分析三种不同细胞因子与R-AFS分期及痛经是否具有相关性,为预判EMS患者的病情发展提供一个不同的视角,为子宫内膜异位症治疗提供一个不同的思路。方法:选取2019年12月-2021年12月在潍坊市人民医院及寿光市妇幼保健院等医院收治的经腹腔镜检查且病理确诊的子宫内膜异位症患者130例研究对象。同时,选取同一时期收治的经腹腔镜检查且病理确诊卵巢良性肿瘤、无痛经的患者120例。将符合纳入标准的130例EMS患者设为观察组,同期收治的经腹腔镜检查且病理确诊卵巢良性肿瘤、无痛经的患者120例设为对照组。观察组的130例EMS患者根据疼痛分度为轻度分组和中重度分组,轻度组73例,中重度组57例;对照R-AFS分期将其分成Ⅰ-Ⅱ期组71例,Ш-Ⅳ期组59例。患者入院后收集患者的一般资料,包括患者的年龄、月经周期、分娩次数、初潮年龄、孕次、产次、身高、体重,根据身高体重计算体质量指数(BMI)。完成痛经VAS评分采集。观察组患者经腹腔镜检查时,术中记录异位组织的位置、测量异位组织的大小、粘连范围、直肠子宫陷窝封闭情况等,以用于进行R-AFS分期。采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清LXA4、Ang-2及ens水平。将所有数据采用SPSS 22.0进行统计分析,独立样本t检验应用于计量资料的比较,卡方检验应用于计数资料的比较。选择Wilcoxon或Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验分析不符合正态分布数据的组间差异。选用Spearman相关性分析进行相关性的分析。P0.05,差异无统计学意义。结果:(1)观察组和对照组的一般资料比较显示,两组研究对象的年龄、月经的周期、初潮的年龄等一般性资料来比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比较性。(2)观察组和对照组的LXA4、Ang-2及ens比较,两组研究对象血清LXA4水平的比较具有统计学意义(Pens水平的比较具有统计学意义(Pens水平高于对照组。(3)不同痛经程度LXA4、Ang-2及ens比较,轻度分组及中重度分组的LXA4血清水平的比较具有统计学意义(Pens水平的比较具有统计学意义(Pens水平低于中重度组。(4)不同R-AFS分期LXA4、Ang-2及ens比较,Ⅰ-Ⅱ期组和Ш-Ⅳ期组的血清LXA4水平的比较具有统计学意义(Pens水平的比较具有统计学意义(Pens水平低于Ш-Ⅳ期组。(5)LXA4、Ang-2及ens与痛经程度、R-AFS分期的相关性分析,观察组血清LXA4水平与痛经程度、R-AFS分期的Spearman相关性分析显示:LXA4与痛经程度呈负相关(r=-0.918;Pens水平与痛经程度、R-AFS分期的Spearman相关性分析显示:ens与痛经程度呈正相关(r=0.712;Pens与R-AFS分期呈正相关(r=0.639;Pens在EMS患者中呈高表达,随着R-AFS分期越高、痛经程度越严重,EMS患者血清ens水平越高,通过相

关键词：子宫内膜异位症 LXA4 Ang-2 ens

肠神经系统中GPER的表达特征及对肠道动力的调控作用

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肠神经系统中GPER的表达特征及对肠道动力的调控作用

作者：宋炳舜昆明医科大学

学位级别：硕士

[目的]消化道动力障碍性疾病十分常见,据报道慢性便秘在成年人群中的发病率高达15%,其中女性慢性便秘的发病率是男性的两倍,而慢传输型便秘（slow transit constipation,STC）女性发病率是男性的四倍。研究表明雌激素对消化道动力具有... 详细信息

[目的]消化道动力障碍性疾病十分常见,据报道慢性便秘在成年人群中的发病率高达15%,其中女性慢性便秘的发病率是男性的两倍,而慢传输型便秘（slow transit constipation,STC）女性发病率是男性的四倍。研究表明雌激素对消化道动力具有抑制作用,这可能是女性STC高发的原因。在肠道运动过程中肠神经系统（enteric nervous system,ens）发挥着重要的调控作用,而最近的一些研究提示ens表达G蛋白偶联型雌激素受体（G protein coupled estrogen receptor,GPER）,GPER激动剂抑制肠道动力,但GPER在ens中的表达特征及作用机制仍不甚清楚。因此,本研究将详细地探讨GPER在ens中的分布特征,探究对肠道动力的调控作用与可能的机制。[方法]构建 GPER 基因报告小鼠（GPER-cre/tdTomato、GPER-cre/ZsGreen）并对肠道组织切片或Whole-mount（全组织铺片）样本进行免疫组化检测,对GPER+细胞在肠道ens的分布进行定性、定量分析;对WT与GPER-/-组小鼠、大鼠在体肠道传输功能进行测定,以探究GPER对肠道运动的影响;离体器官浴实验考察GPER激活或缺失对结肠动力的影响,并观察光遗传特异性激活ens的GPER阳性神经元对结肠蠕动的频率和幅度的影响。[结果]通过Whole mount结合PGP 9.5免疫组化染色,在肌间和粘膜下神经丛可观察到GPER+神经元,GPER+细胞以Dogiel Ⅰ、Ⅱ型形态为主;定量分析发现结直肠GPER+肠神经元数量远多于小肠;雌性小鼠小肠部GPER+细胞数量多于雄性,但大肠部无性别差异。对多种神经递质和受体（CGRP、nNOS、ChAT、5-HT、ENK、D2R、5-HT4R、MOR）进行免疫共定位发现,GPER+神经元表达胆碱能神经元标志物ChAT,均不表达CGRP、nNOS、5-HT、ENK,但GPER+神经元胞体有CGRP、5-HT和ENK阳性纤维环绕;GPER+胆碱能神经元表达D2R、5-HT4R与MOR。对GPER-/-大鼠和小鼠肠道传输功能的检测结果显示,与野生（WT）对照组动物相比,GPER-/-组大鼠和小鼠的全肠道传输加快,粪便含水量增高,并且雌性和雄性GPER-/-组动物均呈现肠道高动力表型。离体器官浴实验记录GPER-/-与WT小鼠结肠复合运动（CMC）,发现GPER-/-结肠CMC的频率和幅度较WT小鼠降低,GPER激动剂（G1）也能降低WT结肠的CMC幅度。在GPER-cre/ChR2-tomato小鼠的离体结肠标本,光遗传选择性激活GPER+胆碱能神经元时,结肠蠕动的幅度降低。[结论]GPER在ens中特异性表达在部分胆碱能神经元亚群,GPER缺失的大鼠和小鼠呈现结肠高动力表型,而激动GPER或者光遗传特异性激活GPER+胆碱能神经元均导致结肠动力减弱。我们推测GPER+胆碱能神经元亚群很可能是一类上行兴奋性中间神经元,通过兴奋氮能（抑制性）运动神经元的活性抑制结肠传输。本研究的结果较好地解释了雌激素抑制结肠传输的机制,GPER有望成为慢传输型便秘的药物干预靶点。

关键词： GPER ens 肠道动力慢传输型便秘

Chemistry and health beneficial effects of oolong tea and theasinensins

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2015年第4期4卷 133-146页

作者： Monthana Weerawatanakorn Wei-Lun Hung Min-Hsiung Pan Shiming Li Daxiang Li Xiaochun Chi-Tang Ho Department of Agro-Industry Faculty of AgricultureNatural Resources and EnvironmentNaresuan UniversityPhitsanulok 65000Thailand Department of Food Science Rutgers University65 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA Institute of Food Science and Technology National Taiwan UniversityTaipei 10617TaiwanChina State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization Anhui Agricultural University130 West Changjiang Rd.Hefei 230036AnhuiChina

Among six major types of tea(white,green,oolong,yellow,black,and dark teas)from Camellia sinensis,oolong tea,a semi-fermented tea,with its own unique aroma and taste,has become a popular consumption as indicated by the increasing production.Representing the characteristic flavonoids of oolong tea,theasinensins are dimeric flavan-3-ols.Many recent studies have indicated that oolong tea and theasinensins possess several health benefit properties.We consider it significant and necessary to have a comprehensive review in the recent advances of oolong tea.Therefore,the aim of the present review is to provide a new perspective on oolong tea and its characteristic phytochemicals,theasinensins associated with health benefits,molecular action pathway,and chemical mechanism of theasinensin formation from scientific evidences available on the literature.Furthermore,the chemical characterization of the oxidation products and the model oxidation system to the chemical changes of theasinensins are also discussed.

关键词： properties. ens ins

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基于区块链的标识解析关键技术研究

基于区块链的标识解析关键技术研究

作者：覃潇俊哈尔滨工业大学

学位级别：硕士

万维网是当前互联网的重要系统,它允许人们在互联网上交换信息。当前交换信息的过程是依靠万维网的两个中心化系统:域名系统的中心化和网站服务器的中心化。然而,这两个中心化带来了很多问题。对于域名系统中心化来说,当前的域名解析是... 详细信息

万维网是当前互联网的重要系统,它允许人们在互联网上交换信息。当前交换信息的过程是依靠万维网的两个中心化系统:域名系统的中心化和网站服务器的中心化。然而,这两个中心化带来了很多问题。对于域名系统中心化来说,当前的域名解析是层级化的,所有的顶级域名数据都需要由13台根服务器解析。对于网站服务器的中心化来说,由于当前的网站服务器大多都是C/S结构,这导致了用户数据由公司所掌控,数据在公司内的管理方式不透明。并且这两个中心化的系统都容易导致单点失效问题。区块链是一个可以执行于弱信任情况条件下的分布式账本方法,具备去中心化、防止篡改、高可靠等特点,因此区块链很契合弱信任环境下要求防篡改、高可靠的标识解析场景。针对域名解析中心化和内容获取中心化的问题,本文提出了基于区块链的标识解析关键技术。该方法将标识解析与区块链相结合,将解析服务去中心化,同时把区块链标识解析与分布式内容解析接入现有的互联网解析体系。针对DNS解析过程中存在的中心化问题以及多层级解析导致的解析效率低的问题,本文提出了基于ens的域名解析技术。该技术将域名解析的查询次数降低为一次,同时将解析服务去中心化,在此基础上增加了对WEB3.0中常见的区块链地址记录和内容哈希记录的解析。针对当前Web系统C/S结构架构可能导致的中心化问题,内容寻址导致的地址变更与地址不可读的问题。本文提出了IPFS内容解析获取技术,该技术将域名解析为IPFS内容。根据该技术设计了一个IPFS内容获取服务器,该服务器将DNS域名映射到ens域,通过ens将域名解析为内容哈希,并将内容哈希解析为内容,从而支持通过DNS域名获取分布式内容。基于以上技术,实现了分布式内容解析获取系统,包含内容解析子系统和基于ens的域名解析子系统。实验表明内容解析子系统实现了对分布式内容的解析,系统性能达到了1w的QPS,在达到最大稳定吞吐率时解析所花时间仍在3s以下。基于ens的域名解析子系统实现了对DNS常见记录的解析,也实现了对区块链地址和内容哈希记录的解析。测试表明域名解析子系统解析记录的平均时延在500ms以内。测试结果表明系统能满足大多数用户的需求。

关键词：区块链 ens IPFS 标识解析