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An Analysis of Influencers of energy security for SMEs in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana

Journal of Power and energy Engineering 2022年第2期10卷 14-28页

作者： Jones Lewis Arthur George Locher Department of General Agriculture Faculty of Applied Science and Technology Sunyani Technical University Sunyani Ghana Institute of Distance Learning Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Investments in the exploitation of the continent’s raw material reserves have resulted in little (positive) impact on the energy security situation within Africa. This paper attempts to explore factors influencing the level of energy security of Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana, and from the dimension of availability, affordability, economic efficiency and environmental stewardship or sustainability of energy. The cross-sectional survey design was employed as the design for the collection and analysis of data. The study applied a quantitative research method in examining the indicators of energy security for SMEs in Accra Metropolis in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The population covered about 500 SMEs who have about 100 employees and total revenue of $1 million or the equivalence in Ghana Cedis. A sample of 246 was selected through a cluster and simple random sampling. The analysis adopted statistical techniques to conduct descriptive, exploratory and inferential analysis of the data collected. Factors that influence the level of energy security of SMEs are broadly categorized into the environment and economic change, political factors, physical disruptions and market conditions. Ge- nerally, the level of energy security under the availability dimension is medium among the SMEs. Issues of affordability, economic efficiency and environmental stewardship provide high medium interventions on energy security for SMEs. It is recommended that managers of Ghana’s energy sector should ensure prudent management of the country’s energy resources since the disruption of supply lines or sources form the key conditions that influence the energy security level of SMEs. SMEs should adopt energy efficiency measures to ensure that energy is conserved for future use.

关键词： energy security Influencers SMEs Efficiency Environmental Steward-ship Political Market Condition

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Hydrocarbon reserves of the South China Sea:Implications for regional energy security

能源地球科学(英文)

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能源地球科学(英文) 2020年第1期1卷 1-7页

作者： Mu Ramkumar M.Santosh Manoj J.Mathew David Menier R.Nagarajan Benjamin Sautter Department of Geology Periyar UniversitySalem636011India School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing29 Xueyuan RoadBeijing100083China Department of Earth Sciences University of AdelaideSA5005Australia Shale Gas Research Group Institute of Hydrocarbon RecoveryUniversiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610Seri IskandarMalaysia Laboratoire Geosciences Ocean(LGO) GMGL UMR CNRS 6538Universite de Bretagne Sud56017 Vannes CedexFrance Department of Applied Geology Curtin University SarawakMalaysia Department of Geosciences Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610Seri IskandarMalaysia

The countries such as China,Vietnam,Philippines,Malaysia,Indonesia and Brunei that border South China Sea region have immense stakes in exploring and exploiting the natural resources of the region including *** than the hydrocarbon reserves,the South China Sea is home to World’s high-networth trade route that brings the interests of non-geographic entities to this ***,the purported reserves of hydrocarbon in the region are in the orders of Persian Gulf but are not yet properly explored and the reserves recovered owing to territorial and non-claimant stakeholder’s influences/*** paper is a synopsis of information on the hydrocarbon reserves of the South China Sea region,and evaluates the territorial and extra-territorial interests in the light of energy security and equitable development and utilization of natural resources from a geological *** also suggest several measures for future consideration and implementation.

关键词： energy security South China Sea Hydrocarbon-flashpoint Exploration Marine resources

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China’s energy security Strategy for Sustainable Development

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Petroleum Science 2006年第4期3卷 43-45页

作者： Wang Guirong Li Xiaofei College of Economics and Administration China University of Petroleum Dongying Shandong 257061 China

In recent years, soaring energy consumption is posing a huge potential threat to China＇s energy security. China has rich coal resources, but most of the coal is mainly burned directly with low efficiency. Thus oil and gas plays a comparatively important role in national economic development. However domestic oil and gas cannot meet the need of economic development. To solve this problem, China would continue to import oil and gas from petroleum producing countries, especially from the Middle East. The dependence on oil import increases year after year and the sources of supply are concentrated in a few countries, which results in the insecurity of energy supply. Therefore, China should optimize its energy structure, improve energy efficiency, increase the geographic diversity of oil supply, build oil reserve bases, and develop new energies actively.

关键词： energy security oil reserve energy conservation sustainable development

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energy security

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大学英语 1992年第4期 38-39页

作者：周莉萍

energy is an important factor for the development of *** is also very closely linked to the question of sustainable development,as most energy production today also means environmental *** use of fossil fuels

关键词： energy security

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Analysis on the Risk of Northeast Asia Regional energy security Cooperation

Analysis on the Risk of Northeast Asia Regional Energy Secur...

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2012 International Conference on Future energy, Environment, and Materials(FEEM 2012)

作者： Wang Qi Xu Ting-ting Guo Xiao-li School of Business Administration Changchun University of Technology

energy security is a vital issue to many countries. And cooperation is a good choice. According to the complex system theory, the international energy cooperation risk can be divided into risk inside the system such as main body ability structure of the risk and main body decision-making risk, and the risk outside the system such as external environment factors and cooperation pattern factors. Then analysis the subjective ability structure risk, trust risk, subject speculative risk, police risk and economic risk of Northeast Asia regional energy security cooperation.

关键词： energy security regional cooperation risk

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Green Development and China energy security——An Analysis based on PSR Mode

Green Development and China Energy Security——An Analysis b...

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第十三届中国科协年会第6分会场-绿色经济与沿海城市可持...

作者：姜姝中国人民大学国际关系学院

This thesis aims to discuss the relationship between green sustainable development and China’s energy security by making use of the PSR mode created by US Professor ***. It mainly focuses on what kind of Situation China is faced with under the Pressure of energy and environment, and how China will react to the green sustainable development. The fundamental meaning of China’s energy security include such factors as: China is abundant in energy resources but is scarce in the per capital possession;China is faced with a complicated world energy stage and has certain disadvantages in internal energy structure;China has important strategic interests in the Straits of Malacca;The economic security is greatly affected by the international oil price system;Measures to emit the gas emission go with the energy policy of China. To sum up, the path for green sustainable development is the indispensable way to construct the energy security of China.

关键词： international Politics green development energy security

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A System Simulation Design for energy security Evaluation

A System Simulation Design for Energy Security Evaluation

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The Twelfth Asia Pacific Industrial Engineering ＆ Management Systems Conference(APIEMS 2011)

作者： Yudha Prambudia Masaru Nakano Graduate School of System Design and Management Keio University Hiyoshi Campus 4-1-1 HiyoshiKohoku-kuYokohama223-8526 Japan

＜正＞In recent years,due to fluctuating oil price and the fact that fossil fuels are subject to depletion,energy security has become a major concern for many countries. Traditionally,the notion of energy security is closely related to the supply side of a country energy ***, nowadays,energy security is defined very *** takes into account myriad of factors from diverse aspects and *** to this increasing complexity of energy security,effectiveness of energy policy is becoming more difficult to *** assessment of energy security for policy making requires a rich multi-aspects point of view. On the contrary,however,the new rich definition of energy security is not simply holds true for every ***, contextual energy security is more useful.A context-oriented simulation of energy policy implementation can fulfill such requirements and help decision maker to assess energy security and design better *** paper presents a development of system simulation for evaluation of energy *** simulation was developed under a decomposition-integration framework and built using system dynamics taking into account availability,efficiency, affordability,and acceptability dimensions of energy security.

关键词： System Simulation System Dynamics energy security

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Sustaining Economic Growth in China under energy and Climate security Constraints

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China & World Economy 2006年第6期14卷 85-97页

作者： Xuedu Lu Jiahua Pan Ying Chen Xuedu Lu Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University. Email: luxuedu@*** Senior Research Fellow Research Centre for Urban and Environmental Studies Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Email: jiahuapan@*** Associate Professor Research Centre for Urban and Environmental Studies Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Email: cycass@***.

After over a quarter of a century of high economic growth, there is no sign that China will slow its pace of economic development. In the meantime, domestic energy security and international climate security have become of increasing concern given China's growth patterns. In this paper, the authors look at the future prospects of growth of the economy, energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions. For China as a developing country, energy security constitutes a more immediate and challenging constraint for China in meeting its development target than the problem of emission reduction. energy efficiency and diversification have been actively pursued for addressing energy security issue but with positive co-benefit of climate security. International cooperation can promote both securities for a health growth of the economy.

关键词： China economic growth energy security greenhouse gas emissions

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The energy New World Order,Mideast Oil and US energy security

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 2014年第3期8卷 25-47页

作者： LIU Xuejun WU Lei Institute of International Studies Yunnan University

For over five decades,the world’s oil map has centered on the Middle ***,with the advent of the 21st century,a new map is emerging,shifting from the Middle East to the Western *** analysts assert that the world energy’s new map will change the existing world political order because the world’s new map will make the Mideast oil producers less powerful and less ***,as the United States is getting less dependent on Mideast oil,it is most likely to readjust its Mideast policy ***,the argument in this article is that as the world has only one oil market,improved energy security of the United States alone will not necessarily lead to improved energy security on a global scale,nor will the United States automatically become immune to new disruptions of Mideast oil supply and to a new world oil price ***,the fact that the Mideast geopolitical contradictions are structurally uncompromising and historically enduring will continue to affect the oil supply from the Middle East and therefore affect the US *** the important role that the Mideast oil plays in boosting the global economy and conditioning world geopolitics,as well as in shaping America’s energy policy and economic policy,the author concludes that the power status of the Mideast oil will persist for quite some time to come.

关键词： World’s New Oil Order Mideast Oil US energy Policy energy security

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energy Politics and security Concepts from Multidimensional Perspectives

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 2012年第4期6卷 91-120页

作者： YU Jianhua DAI Yichen Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences

Even though the foregoing theories on international relations give different interpretations on this issue,they are actually interactional and *** they seem to share more and more common *** the acceleration of economic globalization since the end of the Cold War,nation states are increasingly interdependent in the energy sector while competition and coordination become the mainstream of international energy *** all parties have put growing importance on international energy cooperation and its institutional *** believe that energy security should be achieved through international cooperation and coordination,for it is closely linked with sustainable development of economy and society as well as the external political and economic relations of nation states.

关键词： Multidimensional Perspectives of International Relations Theory energy Politics energy security

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