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Optimization Control of Multi-Mode Coupling All-Wheel Drive System for Hybrid Vehicle

Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第2期37卷 340-355页

作者： Lipeng Zhang Zijian Wang Liandong Wang Changan Ren School of Vehicle and energy Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China

The all-wheel drive(AWD)hybrid system is a research focus on high-performance new energy vehicles that can meet the demands of dynamic performance and passing *** optimization of the power and economy of hybrid vehicles becomes an issue.A unique multi-mode coupling(MMC)AWD hybrid system is presented to realize the distributed and centralized driving of the front and rear axles to achieve vectored distribution and full utilization of the system power between the axles of *** on the parameters of the benchmarking model of a hybrid vehicle,the best model-predictive control-based energy management strategy is ***,the drive system model was built after the analysis of the MMC-AWD’s drive ***,three fundamental strategies were established to address power distribution adjustment and battery SOC maintenance when the SOC changed,which was followed by the design of a road driving force ***,the energy consumption rate in the average time domain was processed before designing the minimum fuel consumption controller based on the equivalent fuel consumption ***,the advantage of the MMC-AWD was confirmed by comparison with the dynamic performance and economy of the BYD Song PLUS *** findings indicate that,in comparison to the comparative hybrid system at road adhesion coefficients of 0.8 and 0.6,the MMC-AWD’s capacity to accelerate increases by 5.26%and 7.92%,*** the road adhesion coefficient is 0.8,0.6,and 0.4,the maximum climbing ability increases by 14.22%,12.88%,and 4.55%,*** a result,the dynamic performance is greatly enhanced,and the fuel savings rate per 100 km of mileage reaches 12.06%,which is also very *** proposed control strategies for the new hybrid AWD vehicle can optimize the power and economy simultaneously.

关键词： Hybrid vehicle All-wheel drive Multi-mode coupling energy management Model predictive control

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Concept, configuration, and application of on-board nanogrids for use in electric vehicles

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 2053-2073页

作者： ZHAO Bing LI Yong WU Fang WAN JiangHu CAI JiuQing YANG HaiTao LIU Fang College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute Wuhan 430000China School of Automation Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Against the backdrop of increasingly serious climate change, researchers are attempting to extend macroscale carbon reduction research to smaller scales. With the rapid development and widespread application of electric vehicles(EVs), an effective approach for carbon reduction based on EVs has the potential to be developed. To coordinate and manage the EV platform in diverse application scenarios, the concept of an on-board nanogrid(OBNG), in which a nanogrid is combined with the EV, is proposed and defined, and the characteristics summarized. A configuration that includes a physical layer with the on-board hardware system;an information layer for logical control, energy management, and communication coordination;and an application layer that can cope with different working environments is proposed. A detailed introduction to the basic architecture and management mode of each layer is provided along with information concerning the relevant technologies for coordinated operation. New ideas and approaches to improve the existing performance are proposed, and finally, combined with a background of smart and low-carbon cities, major application scenarios are envisioned.

关键词： electric vehicle nanogrid energy management hybrid energy storage power electronics converter

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energy-aware application performance management in virtualized data centers

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2012年第4期6卷 373-387页

作者： Hui CHEN Ping LU Pengcheng XIONG Cheng-Zhong XU Zhiping WANG Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China ZTE Corporation Nanjing 210012China College of Computing Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332US Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State UniversityDetroitM148202US

Both performance and energy cost are impor- tant concerns for current data center operators. Traditionally, however, IT and mechanical engineers have separately op- timized the cyber and physical aspects of data center operations. This paper considers both of these aspects with the eventual goal of developing performance and power management techniques that operate holistically to control the entire cyber-physical complex of data center installations. Toward this end, we propose a balance of payments model for holis- tic power and performance management. As an example of coordinated cyber-physical system management, the energy- aware cyber-physical system （EaCPS） uses an application controller on the cyber side to guarantee application perfor- mance, and on the physical side, it utilizes electric current- aware capacity management （CACM） to smartly place exe- cutables to reduce the energy consumption of each chassis present in a data center rack. A web application, representa- tive of a multi-tier web site, is used to evaluate the perfor- mance of the controller on the cyber side, the CACM control on the physical side, and the holistic EaCPS methods in a mid-size instrumented data center. Results indicate that coor- dinated EaCPS outperforms separate cyber and physical con- trol modules.

关键词： cyber physical system energy management re-source management virtualization data centers

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A modeling framework for the integration of electrical and thermal energy systems in greenhouses

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Building Simulation 2022年第5期15卷 779-797页

作者： Queralt Altes-Buch Sylvain Quoilin Vincent Lemort energy Systems Research Unit Faculty of Applied SciencesUniversity of LiegeAllee de la Decouverte 774000 LiegeBelgium

Greenhouse horticulture is associated to a significant energy consumption in temperate countries,mainly for lighting and for ***,the potential for energy optimization and energy savings is high but requires detailed models capable of considering various system configurations and control *** paper provides an open-source modeling framework capable of simulating and optimizing the design and the control of both the greenhouse and the generation systems covering all energy *** proposed model is composed of sub-models from different scientific fields:a greenhouse climate model,a crop yield model,a large number of energy generation and storage units models and different rule-based control *** association of such state-of-the-art models in a single framework provides a powerful tool for optimization purposes and allows the definition of completely customized systems by means of an object-oriented *** this work,various control strategies are defined and simulated,thus demonstrating the capabilities of the proposed *** indicate that,by performing minor changes to the control of the thermal screen,heating consumption can be reduced by 3%without any loss in crop *** control of heat-generation units also has a significant impact on the operational costs,which vary by up to 17%when self-consumption levels are accounted for in the control strategy.

关键词： greenhouse climate model CHP greenhouse climate control system integration energy management

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Blockchain in energy systems:values,opportunities,and limitations

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Frontiers in energy 2022年第1期16卷 9-18页

作者： Sijie CHEN Jian PING Zheng YAN Jinjin LI Zhen HUANG Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion(Ministry of Education) Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication(Ministry of Education) Department of Micro/Nano-electronicsShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering(Ministry of Education) Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The structure of a power energy system is becoming more distributed than *** becomes challenging to manage such a system in a centralized way,because a central authority may not exist or may not be trusted by all *** is a promising tool to address this challenge,by enabling trusted collaboration in the absence of a trusted central *** use in the energy sector has been pioneered by several pilot ***,to date the energy sector has not seen large-scale deployment of blockchain,partly because the founders of those pilot projects,the public,and utilities have not reached consensus on the values and limitations of blockchain in *** perspective aims to bridge this ***,the philosophy and unique values of blockchain are ***,some promising blockchain-based applications in energy systems are ***,some common misunderstandings of blockchain in energy are ***,some frequently-asked questions from utilities are *** this perspective can help advance large-scale deployment of blockchain in energy systems.

关键词： blockchain immutability energy trading energy management data synchronization

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Timely Data Delivery for energy-Harvesting IoT Devices

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2022年第2期31卷 322-336页

作者： LU Wenwei GONG Siliang ZHU Yihua School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology College of Mathematics and Computer Science Zhejiang A&F University

The devices in the Internet of things(Io T) gain capability of sustainable operation when they harvest energy from ambient sources. Fluctuation in the harvested energy may cause the energy-harvesting IoT devices to suffer from frequent energy shortage, which may bring in intolerable packet delay or packet discarding. It is important to design a low-delay packet delivery scheme that adapts to variation in the harvested *** this paper, we present the timely data delivery(TDD)scheme for the IoT devices. Using Markov chain, we develop a probability model for the TDD scheme, which leads to the expected number of packets delivered in an operation cycle, the expected numbers of packets waiting in the data buffer in an operation cycle and an energy-harvesting cycle, and the expected packet delay. Additionally, we formulate the optimization problem that minimizes the packet delay in the TDD scheme, and the solution to the optimization problem yields the optimal parameters for the IoT devices to determine when to harvest energy and when to deliver data under the TDD *** simulation results show that the proposed TDD scheme outperforms the existing schemes in terms of packet delay.

关键词： Internet of things energy harvesting Data delivery energy management IEEE 802.15.4 standard

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Electromagnetic interference modeling and elimination for a solar/hydrogen hybrid powered small-scale UAV

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第10期36卷 293-308页

作者： Jiahao GE Li LIU School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

The trajectory related and Direct Current(DC)Electromagnetic Interference(EMI)of lithium battery,fuel cell and photovoltaic modules has a great influence on the small-scale Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)airborne magnetometer and is hard to be shielded,calibrated or ***,the mechanisms underlying the DC EMI have been rarely investigated *** cope with this problem,this paper systematically studies the EMI models,and proposes an online 3-layer EMI reduction ***,EMI coupled with UAV motion model and hybrid power system is ***,the mechanism EMI models of hybrid power system are established and verified based on the proposed concept“equivalent current”.Third,an online 3-layer EMI reduction scheme is proposed,including battery layer,trajectory planning layer and energy management *** the first main layer,EMI self-cancellation is realized by rotating battery inclinations and symmetrical *** response to errors,the trajectory planning layer reduces the EMI intensity by optimizing an optimal trajectory,while the energy management layer prioritizes power allocation to power sources that can produce small and stable *** results of climb,level flight and descent illustrate the efficaciousness and applicability of the proposed online 3-layer EMI reduction scheme.

关键词： Electromagnetic interference EMI reduction energy management Hybrid powered UAV Mechanism modeling Trajectory planning

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A Review on Active Customers'Participation in Smart Grids

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean energy 2023年第1期11卷 3-16页

作者： Konrad Schmitt Rabindra Bhatta Manohar Chamana Mahtab Murshed Ilham Osman Stephen Bayne Luciane Canha Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX79409USA Wind energy Program Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX79409USA Electromechanical and Power Systems Department Federal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaRS97105-900Brazil Design Release Engineer at Electrification and Power conversion General MotorsGM Tech Center RoadWarrenMI48092USAl IEEE

Industrial,commercial,and residential facilities are progressively adopting automation and generation *** having flexible demand and renewable energy generation,traditional passive customers are becoming active participants in electric power system *** profound coordination among grid operators and active customers,the facilities’capability for demand response(DR)and distributed energy resource(DER)management will be valuable asset for ancillary services(ASs).To comply with the increasing demand and flexible energy,utilities urgently require standards,regulations,and programs to efficiently handle load-side resources without trading off stability and *** study reviews different types of customers’flexibilities for DR,highlighting their capabilities and limitations in performing local ancillary services(LASs),which should benefit the power grid by profiting from it through incentive *** financial incentives and techniques employed around the world are presented and *** potential barriers in technical and regulatory aspects are successfully identified and potential solutions along with future guidance are discussed.

关键词： Active distribution network(ADN) ancillary services energy management flexible demand resiliency

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Optimized Gated Recurrent Unit for Mid-Term Electricity Price Forecasting

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第11期43卷 817-832页

作者： Rashed Iqbal Hazlie Mokhlis Anis Salwa Mohd Khairuddin Syafiqah Ismail Munir Azam Muhammad Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Malaya50603Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering Main CampusIqra UniversityKarachi75300Pakistan

Electricity price forecasting(EPF)is important for energy system operations and management which include strategic bidding,generation scheduling,optimum storage reserves scheduling and systems ***,accurate EPF is crucial for the purpose of bidding strategies and minimizing the risk for market participants in the competitive electricity ***,accurate time-series prediction of electricity price is very challenging due to complex nonlinearity in the trend of electricity *** work proposes a mid-term forecasting model based on the demand and price data,renewable and non-renewable energy supplies,the seasonality and peak and off-peak hours of working and nonworking *** optimized Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)which incorporates Bagged Regression Tree(BTE)is developed in the Recurrent Neural Network(RNN)architecture for the mid-term *** layer is employed to optimize the hyperparameters of the heterogeneous GRU with the aim to improve the model’s performance,error reduction and predict the *** this work,the proposed framework is assessed using electricity market data of five major economical states in Australia by using electricity market data from August 2020 to May *** results showed significant improvement when adopting the proposed prediction framework compared to previous works in forecasting the electricity price.

关键词： Deep learning energy management machine learning prediction

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Optimization of fuel consumption and NO_(x) emission for mild HEV via hierarchical model predictive control

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Control Theory and Technology 2022年第2期20卷 221-234页

作者： Yuka Umezawa Ken Yamauchi Hiroki Seto Toshiro Imamura Toru Namerikawa Graduate School of Science and Technology Keio University3-14-1 HiyoshiKohoku-ku.YokohamaKanagawa 223-8522Japan Isuzu Advanced Engineering Center Ltd 8 TsuchidanaFujisawa.Kanagawa 252-0881.Japan

In this paper,we consider the fuel economy optimization problem for a mild hybrid electric vehicle(HEV)using hierarchical model predictive *** the proposed algorithm,two problems are addressed:eco-driving and torque *** the eco-driving problem,vehicle speed was *** the reduction in fuel consumption and NOx emissions,the torque required to follow the target speed was ***,in the torque distribution problem,the distribution between the engine and motor torques were *** this phase,engine characteristics were *** problems differ in terms of time scales;therefore,a hierarchical model predictive control is ***,the numerical simulation results demonstrated the efficacy of this research.

关键词： Mild HEV energy management Model predictive control Hierarchical control

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