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Effect of dark energy models on the energy content of charged and rotating black holes

Chinese Physics C 2022年第1期46卷 196-206页

作者： Asia Liaqat Ibrar Hussain School of Natural Sciences National University of Sciences and TechnologyH-12IslamabadPakistan School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National University of Sciences and TechnologyH-12IslamabadPakistan

The energy content of the charged-Kerr(CK)spacetime surrounded by dark energy(DE)is investigated using approximate Lie symmetry methods for the differential *** this,we consider three different DE scenarios:cosmological constant with an equation of state parameter$ω_(q)=-2/3,quintessence DE with an equation of state parameterω_(c)=-1,and a frustrated network of cosmic strings with an equation of state parameterω_(n)=-1/*** study the gravitational energy of the CK black hole surrounded by the DE,we explore the symmetries of the 2nd-order perturbed geodesic *** is noticed,for all the values ofω,the exact symmetries are recovered as 2nd-order approximate trivial *** trivial approximate symmetries give the rescaling of arc length parameter s in this spacetime which indicates that the energy in the underlying spacetime has to be rescaled by a factor that depends on the black hole parameters and the DE *** rescaling factor is compared with the factor of the CK spacetime found in[Hussain et ***.(2009)]and the effects of the DE on it are *** is observed that for all the three values of the equation of state parameterω,the effect of DE results in decreased energy content of the black hole spacetime,regardless of values of the charge Q,spin a and the DE parameterα.This reduction in the energy content due to the involvement of the DE favours the idea of mass reduction of black holes by accretion of DE given by[Babichev et ***.(2004)].

关键词： approximate Lie symmetries dark energy charged-Kerr black hole surrounded by dark energy energy content

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Erratum:Corrigendum to"Effect of dark energy models on the energy content of charged and rotating black holes"[Chinese Phys.C,46(2022)015101]

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Chinese Physics C 2023年第12期47卷 195-196页

In Liaqat and Hussain(2022)it was proved that the effect of dark energy with w_(n)=1/3 causes a reduction in the energy content of the quintessential charged-Kerr *** result needs correction as it is observed that the contribution of dark energy first decreases the total energy of the underlying spacetime for smaller values of radial coordinate r and then increases the energy for comparatively larger values of r.

关键词： dark energy quintessential charged-Kerr black hole energy content

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Biochemical and Thermal Analysis of Spirulina Biomass through FTIR, TGA, CHN

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energy Engineering 2021年第4期118卷 1045-1056页

作者： Ruma Arora Soni K.Sudhakar R.S.Rana energy Centre Maulana Azad National Institute of TechnologyBhopal(M.P)India Department of Mechanical Engineering Maulana Azad National Institute of TechnologyBhopal(M.P)India Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia PahangPahang26600Malaysia Centre for Automotive Engineering Universiti Malaysia PahangPahang26600Malaysia

Spirulina is a sort of algae that grows in both fresh and *** is considered the Earth’s most nutritionally dense *** claims about Spirulina’s beneficial health properties are attributed to the relatively high protein content of the ***’s lipid,fatty acid profile,and biochemical composition have received little *** purpose of this study is to investigate the nature and decomposition of spirulina biomass at various *** the present investigation,Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis,and elemental analysis were used to study spirulina biomass biochemical *** optimal content of spirulina protein,lipid,and the amino acid was identified and *** this study,the various frequency ranges corresponding to functional groups are evaluated and *** FT-IR spectra were recorded and reported at different frequency ranges from 3870–3448 cm−1 to 695–545 cm−*** studies for spirulina biomass affirmed the occurrence of–OH,–COOH,NH,C–H,and C=O ***(3453 and 1645 cm−1)and carbohydrate(1032 and 1033 cm−1)were the main components with distinct IR spectra fingerprint *** indicate that Spirulina *** is viable green energy and the biggest protein *** mechanism underlying the high rate of protein accumulation of spirulina may aid in not only elucidating the biochemistry but also in modifying the chemical composition and strain selection for the production of specific chemicals and products.

关键词： Microalgae protein energy content vitamins carbohydrates

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