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Clean energy 2022年第4期6卷 557-572页

作者： Tole Sutikno Hendril Satrian Purnama Nuryono Satya Widodo Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban Mohd Rodhi Sahid Department of Electrical Engineering Industrial Technology FacultyUniversitas Ahmad Dahlan55191 YogyakartaIndonesia Embedded system and Power Electronics Research Group 55191 YogyakartaIndonesia CTiF Global Capsule Department of Business Development and TechnologyAarhus UniversityHerning 7400Denmark School of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohorMalaysia

The major challenges of the high-gain DC-DC boost converters are high-voltage stress on the switch,extreme duty ratio operation,diode reverse-recovery and converter efficiency *** are many topologies of high-gain converters that have been widely developed to overcome those problems,especially for solar photovoltaic(PV)power-system *** this paper,20 high-gain and low-power DC-DC converter topologies are selected from many topologies of available ***,seven prospective topologies with conversion ratios of>15 are thoroughly reviewed and *** selected topologies are:(i)voltage-multiplier cell,(ii)voltage doubler,(iii)coupled inductor,(iv)converter with a coupled inductor and switch capacitor,(v)converter with a switched inductor and switched capacitor,(vi)cascading techniques and(vii)voltage-lift *** topology has its advantages and disadvantages.A comparison of the seven topologies is provided in terms of the number of components,hardware complexity,maximum converter efficiency and voltage stress on the *** are presented in ***,in the future,it will be easier for researchers and policymakers to choose the right converter topologies and build them into solar PV systems based on their needs.

关键词： distributed energy and smart grid energy and environment energy system and policy solar

Use of solar PV inverters during night-time for voltage regulation and stability of the utility grid

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Clean energy 2022年第4期6卷 646-658页

作者： Kushan Tharuka Lulbadda Udayanga Hemapala Department of Electrical Engineering University of MoratuwaMoratuwaSri Lanka

Photovoltaic(PV)inverters are vital components for future smart *** the popularity of PV-generator installations is high,their effective performance remains *** inverters are designed to operate in volt-ampere reactive(VAR)mode during the ***,this approach is ineffective due to the consumption of active power from the grid(as internal losses)and the regulation necessity of the direct-current(DC)*** paper will demonstrate the operation of a PV inverter in reactive power-injection mode when solar energy is *** primary focus is on the design of the inverter controller with respect to the synchronous rotating frame control *** proposed novel method enables an inverter to inject the required level of reactive power to regulate the voltage levels of the utility grid within specified *** the process,the inverter does not absorb active power from the grid for its internal *** presented model has the ability to inject≤2 kVAR of reactive power at zero power factor without absorbing active power from the *** and hardware models of the inverter were developed and tested for different reactive loads in which the hardware model represented the real-world *** reactive power injection of the two models ran at zero power factor and produced the expected outcomes for their corresponding independent reactive ***,it was evident that the proposed method can enhance the efficiency of an inverter and ensure the stability of the utility grid to which it is connected.

关键词： solar energy system and policy energy storage distributed energy and smart grid photovoltaic reactive power night-time usage

A comparative life-cycle analysis of tall onshore steel wind-turbine towers

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Clean energy 2020年第1期4卷 48-57页

作者： N.Stavridou E.Koltsakis C.C.Baniotopoulos Civil Engineering Department School of EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamUK Civil Engineering Department School of EngineeringAristotle University of ThessalonikiGreece

Earth has lately been suffering from unforeseen catastrophic phenomena related to the consequences of the greenhouse *** is therefore essential not only that sustainability criteria be incorporated into the everyday lifestyle,but also that energy-saving procedures be *** to the number of wind farms installed annually,wind energy is among the most promising sustainable-energy *** into account the last statement for energy-saving methods,it is essential to value the contribution of wind energy not only in eliminating CO_(2) emissions when producing electricity from wind,but also in assessing the total environmental impact associated with the entire lifetime of all the processes related with this energy-production *** order to quantify such environmental impacts,life-cycle analysis(LCA)is *** a matter of fact,there are a very limited number of studies devoted to LCA of onshore wind-energy-converter supporting towers-a fact that constitutes a first-class opportunity to perform high-end *** the present work,the life-cycle performance of two types of tall onshore wind-turbine towers has been investigated:a lattice tower and a tubular *** comparison reasons,both tower configurations have been designed to sustain the same loads,although they have been manufactured by different production methods,different amounts of material were used and different mounting procedures have been applied;all the aforementioned items diversify in their overall life-cycle performance as well as their performance in all LCA phases examined *** life-cycle performance of the two different wind-turbine-tower systems is calculated with the use of efficient open LCA software and valuable conclusions have been drawn when combining structural and LCA results in terms of comparing alternative configurations of the supporting systems for wind-energy converters.

关键词： energy and environment energy system and policy wind energy

Hydrogen technologies and developments in Japan

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Clean energy 2019年第2期3卷 105-113页

作者： Shigeki Iida Ko Sakata Director The Institute of Applied Energy Executive Research Fellow The Institute of Applied Energy

The successful development of hydrogen-energy technologies has several advantages and ***-energy development could prevent global warming as well as ensure energy security for countries without adequate energy *** successful development of hydrogen would provide energy for transportation and electric *** is a unique energy carrier,as it can be produced from various energy sources such as wind,fossil fuels and biomass and,when it is combusted,it emits no CO_(2)*** other advantage is the wide distribution of resources globally that can be used to produce *** Japan,the Ministry of Economy,Trade and Industry(METI)published a‘Strategic Roadmap for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells’in 2014,with a revised update published in March *** goal of the roadmap is to achieve a hydrogen *** roadmap aims to resolve technical problems and secure economic *** roadmap has been organized into the following three phases:Phase 1-Installation of fuel cells;Phase 2-Hydrogen power plant/mass supply chain;Phase 3-CO_(2)-free *** paper reports on the current status of fuel cells and fuel-cell vehicles in Japan and gives a description and status of the R&D programmes along with the results of global energy model study towards 2050.

关键词： hydrogen and fuel cell energy system and policy energy and environment energy storage

Carbon capture and storage in the USA:the role of US innovation leadership in climate-technology commercialization

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Clean energy 2020年第1期4卷 2-11页

作者： Lee Beck Global CCS Institute Ltd Level 16360 Elizabeth Street Melbourne VIC 3000 Australia

To limit global warming and mitigate climate change,the global economy needs to decarbonize and reduce emissions to net-zero by *** asymmetries of the global energy system necessitate the deployment of a suite of decarbonization technologies and an all-of-the-above approach to deliver the steep CO_(2)-emissions reductions *** capture and storage(CCS)technologies that capture CO_(2) from industrial and power-plant point sources as well as the ambient air and store them underground are largely seen as needed to address both the flow of emissions being released and the stock of CO_(2) already in the *** the pressing need to commercialize the technologies,their large-scale deployment has been *** deployment,however,could lead to near-term cost reduction and technology proliferation,and lowering of the overall system cost of *** of November 2019,more than half of global large-scale CCS facilities are in the USA,thanks to a history of sustained government support for the ***,the USA has seen a raft of new developments on the policy and project side signaling a reinvigorated push to commercialize the *** these recent developments using a policy-priorities framework for CCS commercialization developed by the Global CCS Institute,the paper assesses the USA’s position to lead large-scale deployment of CCS technologies to *** concludes that the USA is in a prime position due to the political economic characteristics of its energy economy,resource wealth and innovation-driven manufacturing sector.

关键词： carbon capture CCUS energy and environment energy system and policy fossil energy hydrogen and fuel cell

Cost implications of increased solar penetration and time-of-use rate interactions

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Clean energy 2020年第3期4卷 247-269页

作者： Dominique Bain Tom Acker School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZ 86011 Mechanical Engineering Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZ 86011

Electricity-grid operators are facing new challenges in matching load and generation due to increased solar generation and peak-load *** paper demonstrates that time-of-use(TOU)rates are an effective method to address these *** rates use price differences to incentivize conserving electricity during peak hours and encouraging use during off-peak *** strategy is being used across the USA,including in Arizona,California and *** analysis used the production-cost model PLEXOS with an hourly resolution to explore how production costs,locational marginal prices and dispatch stacks(type of generation used to meet load)change due to changes in load shapes prompted by TOU rates and with additional solar *** modelling focused on implementing TOU rates at three different adoption(response)levels with and without additional solar generation in the Arizona balancing areas within a PLEXOS *** most cases analysed,implementing TOU rates in Arizona reduced reserve shortages in the Western Interconnect and,in some cases,very *** result is representative of the interactions that happen interconnection-wide,demonstrating the advantage of modelling the entire *** costs were decreased by the additional solar generation and the load change from TOU rates,and high response levels reduced the production costs the most for high-solar-generation *** change from TOU rates decreased locational marginal prices for a typical summer day but had inconsistent results on a high-load *** solar generation decreased the usage of combustion turbines,combined cycles and coal-fired generation.

关键词： energy system and policy production-cost model PLEXOS time-of-use rates solar energy locational marginal price