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Pathogen genomic surveillance elucidates the origins, transmission and evolution of emerging viral agents in China

Science China(Life Sciences) 2017年第12期60卷 1317-1330页

作者： Weifeng Shi Juan Li Hong Zhou George F.Gao Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology of emerging infectious diseases in Universities of Shandong (Taishan Medical College) Taishan Medical College National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences

In the past twenty years, numerous novel zoonotic viral agents with pandemic potential have emerged in China, such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) coronavirus and, more recently, the avian-origin influenza A/H7N9 virus, which have caused outbreaks among humans with high morbidity and mortality. In addition, several emerging and re-emerging viral pathogens have also been imported into China from travelers, e.g. the Middle East respiratory syndrome(MERS) coronavirus and Zika virus(ZIKV). Herein, we review these emerging viral pathogens in China and focus on how surveillance by pathogen genomics has been employed to discover and annotate novel pathogenic agents, identify natural reservoirs, monitor the transmission events and delineate their evolution and adaption to the human host. We also highlight the application of genomic sequencing in the recent Ebola epidemics in Western Africa. In summary, genomic sequencing has become a standard research tool in the field of emerging infectious diseases which has been proven invaluable in containing these viral infections and reducing burden of disease in humans and animals. Genomic surveillance of pathogenic agents will serve as a key epidemiological and research tool in the modern era of precision infectious diseases and in the future studies of virosphere.

关键词： emerging infectious diseases SARS-CoV MERS-CoV genomic surveillance H7N9 Zika Ebola

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Two novel bocaparvovirus species identified in wild Himalayan marmots

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2017年第12期60卷 1348-1356页

作者： Yuanyun Ao Xiaoyue Li Lili Li Xiaolu Xie Dong Jin Jiemei Yu Shan Lu Zhaojun Duan National Institute for Viral diseases Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100052China Laboratory Department the First People's Hospital of AnqingAnqing 246000China Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730China National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Bocaparvovirus(BOV) is a genetically diverse group of DNA viruses and a possible cause of respiratory, enteric, and neurological diseases in humans and animals. Here, two highly divergent BOVs(tentatively named as Himalayan marmot BOV,HMBOV1 and HMBOV2) were identified in the livers and feces of wild Himalayan marmots in China, by viral metagenomic analysis. Five of 300 liver samples from Himalayan marmots were positive for HMBOV1 and five of 99 fecal samples from these animals for HMBOV2. Their nearly complete genome sequences are 4,672 and 4,887 nucleotides long, respectively, with a standard genomic organization and containing protein-coding motifs typical for BOVs. Based on their NS1, NP1, and VP1,HMBOV1 and HMBOV2 are most closely related to porcine BOV SX/1-2(approximately 77.0%/50.0%, 50.0%/53.0%, and79.0%/54.0% amino acid identity, respectively). Phylogenetic analysis of these three proteins showed that HMBOV1 and HMBOV2 formed two distinctly independent branches in BOVs. According to these results, HMBOV1 and HMBOV2 are two different novel species in the Bocaparvovirus genus. Their identification expands our knowledge of the genetic diversity and evolution of BOVs. Further studies are needed to investigate their potential pathogenicity and their impact on Himalayan marmots and humans.

关键词： emerging infectious diseases bocaparvovirus novel Himalayan marmot

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Human monoclonal antibodies as candidate therapeutics against emerging viruses

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Frontiers of Medicine 2017年第4期11卷 462-470页

作者： Yujia Jin Cheng Lei Dan Hu Dimiter S. Dimitrov Tianlei Ying Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministries of Education and Health School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China Protein Interactions Section Cancer and Inflammation Program Center for Cancer Research National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Frederick MD 21702 USA

The emergence of new pathogens, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus （SARS-CoV）, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus （MERS-CoV）, and Ebola virus, poses serious challenges to global public health and highlights the urgent need for novel antiviral approaches. Monoclonal antibodies （mAbs） have been successfully used to treat various diseases, particularly cancer and immunological disorders. Antigen-specific mAbs have been isolated using several different approaches, including hybridoma, transgenic mice, phage display, yeast display, and single B-celi isolation. Consequently, an increasing number of mAbs, which exhibit high potency against emerging viruses in vitro and in animal models of infection, have been developed. In this paper, we summarize historical trends and recent developments in mAb discovery, compare the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches to mAb production, and discuss the potential use of such strategies for the development of antivirals against emerging diseases. We also review the application of recently developed human mAbs against SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and Ebola virus and discuss prospects for the development of mAbs as therapeutic agents against emerging viral diseases.

关键词： human monoclonal antibodies emerging infectious diseases SARS-CoV MERS-CoV Ebola virus

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Integrating one health in national health policies of developing countries: India’s lost opportunities

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infectious diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 799-803页

作者： Pranab Chatterjee Manish Kakkar Sanjay Chaturvedi Public Health Foundation of India Plot no 47Sector 44Institutional AreaGurgaon 122002India Department of Community Medicine University College of Medical SciencesAcademicBlock4th FloorDilshad GardenDelhi 110095India

Background:Globally,the threat of infectious diseases,particularly emerging infectious diseases,originating at the human-animal-environment interface,has caught health systems off *** forecasts that future pathogen emergence will be centred in hotspots in Asia,Africa,and Latin America,the need to prepare policy frameworks that can combat this threat is ***:Emergence of diseases such as avian influenza and Ebola virus disease,which threatened social disruption,have established the need for intersectoral coordination/*** events led to the initiation of establishing institutionalised collaborative frameworks in India to adopt a One Health approach to disease prevention and ***,the gains made in influenza control could not be adapted to other infectious *** coordination was briefly carried out,more as a reactive response to *** systemic failure to sustain such efforts have therefore,only undermined a coordinated *** recent draft National Health Policy,2015,has also failed to establish the need for intersectoral coordination in disease control *** the need to endorse linkages between human health,animal health and husbandry,agriculture,and environmental sectors,has led to duplicative and weak response *** absence of health impact assessment with respect to the development agenda in policies,has cast negative effects on the health and wellbeing of man,animal,and the *** of attention to building core capacity in these critical sectors has further raised challenges in designing and deploying mitigation *** developing countries like India being home to a major portion of the world’s poorest livestock farmers,the absence of a policy discourse that endorses the One Health approach in development and health policies is a major hurdle in eliminating poverty and poverty-related ***:The adoption of One Health approaches in health

关键词： One Health emerging infectious diseases Health Policy Zoonoses Intersectoral coordination Multidisciplinary Transdisciplinary

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An emerging hemorrhagic fever in China caused by a novel bunyavirus SFTSV

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2013年第8期56卷 697-700页

作者： ZHANG XiaoShuang LIU Yan ZHAO Li LI Bing YU Hao WEN HongLing YU Xue-Jie School of Public Health Shandong University University of Texas Medical Branch GalvestonTexas 77555-0609USA Anhui Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention Jinan Junqu Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS) is an emerging hemorrhagic fever in rural areas of China and is caused by a new bunyavirus,SFTSV,named after the *** transmission vectors and animal hosts of SFTSV are *** are the most likely transmission vectors and domestic animals,including goats,dogs,and cattle,are potential amplifying hosts of *** clinical symptoms of SFTS are nonspecific,but major symptoms include fever,gastrointestinal symptoms,myalgia,dizziness,joint pain,chills,and regional *** most common abnormalities in laboratory test results are thrombocytopenia(95%),leukocytopenia(86%),and elevated levels of serum alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,creatine kinase,and lactate *** fatality rate for SFTS is 12% on average,and the annual incidence of the disease is approximately five per 100000 of the rural population.

关键词： SFTSV tick thrombocytopenia leukopenia bunyavirus Phlebovirus hemorrhagic fever emerging infectious diseases

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iLABMED,why now and how in the future?

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智能检验医学(英文) 2023年第1期1卷 1-4页

作者： Hongzhou Lu Department of infectious diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesThe Third People's Hospital of ShenzhenShenzhenChina Institute of Neurology National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesThe Third People's Hospital of ShenzhenShenzhenGuangdongChina

Nowadays,public health is facing many challenges,mainly including non‐communicable diseases and communicable *** diseases,particularly emerging infectious diseases,have also attracted attention due to their enormous impact on public health and the global *** most prominent example is the current global Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID‐19)*** unprece-dented and ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic has high-lighted the necessity for readily available,accurate,and rapid laboratory medicine(LM)***,current LMs and journals in particular have a window for ***,there are limited numbers of professionals available in this field compared to the other *** current status quo is that most LM manuscripts must be submitted to comprehensive journals or other journals related to the research ***,most LM journals are run by laboratory personnel who are often more concerned with technical advances than with clinical ***,several young LM scientists expressed their desire to have a dedicated platform to discuss,communicate,and publish their works on *** were therefore motivated to launch iLABMED,an international public forum dedicated to *** establishment of iLABMED adopts the“four I”strat-egy,namely“Innovation,”“Intelligence,”“Integra-tion,”and“International.”We are attempting to establish a top‐tier journal in the field of LM.

关键词： communicable diseases emerging infectious diseases iLABMED laboratory medicine non‐communicable diseases

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