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Comparative Laying Performance, Egg Quality, Fertility and Hatchability of Guinea Fowl with Tilili, Horro and Potchefstroom Koekoek Chicken Breeds

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2020年第4期10卷 665-682页

作者： Getnet Zeleke Mengistu Urge Getachew Animut Wondmeneh Esatu Tadelle Dessie Amhara Agricultural Research Institute Bahir Dar Ethiopia School of Animal and Range Sciences Haramaya University Dire Dawa Ethiopia Ethiopian Agriculture Transformation Agency Addis Ababa Ethiopia International Livestock Research Institute Addis Ababa Ethiopia

A study was conducted to compare laying performance, fertility, hatchability, and egg quality of guinea fowl (GF) with Horro (HR) and Tilili (TL) local chicken and Potchefstroom Koekoek (PK) exotic chicken. Forty five layers from each genotype and 6 cocks from each chicken genotype and 9 cocks from GF were used in 3 replications in a completely randomized design. Commercial layer feed was used ad libitum for the study that lasted 29 weeks. Daily DM intake per hen was 85, 114, 103 and 137 g (SEM = 3.1) for GF, HR, TL and PK, respectively, and was in the order of GF embryonic mortality was higher for GF (early, middle and late was 15.8%, 10.0%. and 17.4% respectively) compared to chicken genotypes. Chick weight was highest for PK, intermediate for HR and TL and lowest for GF;while chick length was in the order of PK > HR > TL > GF. Average egg weight was higher for PK eggs (46.4 g), intermediate for HR (43.5 g) and TL (42.3 g), and lowest for GF (35.9 g). Eggshell weight and thickness were higher for GF than chicken genotypes. Haugh unit was similar among genotypes. Such differences among poultry genotypes could be reflection of previous selection and breeding interventions, which are apparently more in chicken genotypes than GF. A possible more stressful condition of the confined environment for GF versus chicken genotypes could have also contributed to such differences. This study highlighted the need of implementing future selection and breeding schemes to improve the performance of GF and TL birds to the level achieved by oth

关键词： Guinea Fowl Chicken Egg Number Fertility Hatchability embryonic mortality Egg Weight

Recent Possibilities for the Diagnosis and Pharmacological Control of Pregnancy Loss in Dairy Cow

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Journal of Life Sciences 2015年第4期9卷 171-180页

作者： Otto Szenci MTA-SZIE Large Animal Clinical Research Group Ullo-Dora Major H-2225 Hungary

One of the most recent techniques for the diagnosis of EP （early pregnancy） in cattle on the farm is B-mode ultrasonography. Under field conditions, acceptable results may be achieved with ultrasonography from days 25 to 30 post-AI. The reliability of the test greatly depends on the frequency of the transducer used, the skill of the examiner, the criterion used for a positive PD （pregnancy diagnosis） and the position of the uterus in the pelvic inlet. Pregnancy protein assays （PAG, PSPB） may provide an alternative method to ultrasonography for determining EP or LEM/EFM （late embryonic/early foetal mortality） in the cow. Although early pregnancy factor is the earliest specific indicator for fertilization, its detection is entirely dependend on the use of the RIT （rosette inhibition test）, therefore its use in the field needs further inventions. Preventive pharmaceutical treatments with hCG （human chorionic gonadotropin）, GnRH （gonadotropin realising hormone）, PRID （progesterone-releasing intravaginal device） or CIDR （controlled internal drug release） inserts at different time periods at or post-AI may have some benefit in decreasing PL （pregnancy loss）, however further examinations are warranted to determine how and when these treatments may influence PL in the field.

关键词： Dairy cow embryonic mortality foetal mortality ultrasonography pregnancy proteins GnRH hCG progestagens.

Increased CO2 Levels during the First Half of Incubation at High Altitude Modifies embryonic Development of Fertile Leghorn Breeder Eggs

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 524-547页

作者： Marco A. Juárez-Estrada Erik I. López-Ruiz Sonia López-Cordova Guillermo Tellez-Isaias Omar F. Prado-Rebolledo Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico Ciudad de Mxico Mxico Department of Poultry Science Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad de Colima Tecomn Mxico

The exchange of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) within an incubator has a significant impact on embryonic development (ED) and hatching processes. This study examines the influence of non-ventilation (NV) conditions during the first ten days of incubation at high altitudes on Leghorn hens hatching eggs. Five hundred four hatching eggs were equally divided into three treatment groups and placed in twelve incubators (R = 4). The first group was subjected to standard ventilated conditions (V) during the setting phase. The ventilation inlet holes of the remaining incubators in the NV treatments were closed with either micropore (M) or polypropylene (P) tape, referred to as NVM and NVP groups, respectively. These two different airtight settings were intended to allow for a gradual rise in CO2 naturally generated by the embryos. Results indicate that carbon dioxide concentration gradually increased during the first half of incubation, reaching 1.42% in the NVM group and 1.20% in the NVP group, while the V condition group remained at 0.15%. From 10 days of incubation onwards, normal V conditions were restored in all incubators. The highest hatchability of fertile eggs (HFE) was shown by the NVP group (55.7%), followed by the V (52.6%) and NVM (38.6%) groups. The NVP group showed a greater yolk-free body mass (YFBM) from 10 days of incubation until the hatch basket transfer. NV conditions during the first 10 days of incubation at high altitude produced higher YFBM with gradually decreasing yolk sac mass. In comparison to the NVM and V conditions, the particular NVP condition showed a beneficial impact on the quality of hatched chicks. Sustaining NVP condition (1.2% of CO2) throughout the first half of incubation at high altitude generated the optimal environment in the incubator ensuring the best hatchability results. This study highlights how important it is for hatchery managers to recognize the influence of low O2 and high levels of CO2 on the development trajectori

关键词： Non-Ventilation Hypercapnia Hypoxia Egg Mass Loss Hatchability embryonic mortality Hatchling Chick Quality

Molecular basis of the silkworm mutant rel causing red egg color and embryonic death

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Molecular basis of the silkworm mutant rel causing red egg c...