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Influence of Tire Dynamics on Slip Ratio Estimation of Independent Driving Wheel System

Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2014年第6期27卷 1203-1210页

作者： LI Jianqiu SONG Ziyou WEI Yintao OUYANG Minggao State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy Tsinghua University

The independent driving wheel system, which is composed of in-wheel permanent magnet synchronous motor（I-PMSM） and tire, is more convenient to estimate the slip ratio because the rotary speed of the rotor can be accurately measured. However, the ring speed of the tire ring doesn’t equal to the rotor speed considering the tire deformation. For this reason, a deformable tire and a detailed I-PMSM are modeled by using Matlab/Simulink. Moreover, the tire/road contact interface（a slippery road） is accurately described by the non-linear relaxation length-based model and the Magic Formula pragmatic model. Based on the relatively accurate model, the error of slip ratio estimated by the rotor rotary speed is analyzed in both time and frequency domains when a quarter car is started by the I-PMSM with a definite target torque input curve. In addition, the natural frequencies（NFs） of the driving wheel system with variable parameters are illustrated to present the relationship between the slip ratio estimation error and the NF. According to this relationship, a low-pass filter, whose cut-off frequency corresponds to the NF, is proposed to eliminate the error in the estimated slip ratio. The analysis, concerning the effect of the driving wheel parameters and road conditions on slip ratio estimation, shows that the peak estimation error can be reduced up to 75% when the LPF is adopted. The robustness and effectiveness of the LPF are therefore validated. This paper builds up the deformable tire model and the detailed I-PMSM models, and analyzes the effect of the driving wheel parameters and road conditions on slip ratio estimation.

关键词： electric vehicle （EV） driving wheel system tire dynamics slip ratio estimation characteristic frequency low-pass filter （LPF）

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Vibration energy regeneration of electric vehicle shock absorber

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Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology 2013年第3期22卷 337-341页

作者：张军梁新成唐建华 National Engineering Laboratory for electric vehicle Beijing Institute of Technology

The twin-tube shock absorber was studied and the relevant factors of thermal equilibrium were simulated. The dynamic model of the shock absorber was constructed and simulation curves of force-displacement and force-velocity were output. The experiment of the twin-tube shock absorber was carried out, and the results were compared with the modeling resultss. Further, the vibration energy regeneration model was established, and the bench simulation study was carried out. The re- sults showed that the energy regeneration model not only absorbed shock energy but also converted vibration energy into electricity energy.

关键词： electric vehicle （EV） vibration energy regeneration shock absorber simulation

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Full lifetime cost analysis of battery, plug-in hybrid and FCevs in China in the near future

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Frontiers in Energy 2012年第2期6卷 107-111页

作者： Zhihua CAI Xunmin OU Qian ZHANG Xiliang ZHANG Institute of Energy Environment and EconomyAutomotive Energy Research CentreTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

This paper analyzes the full lifetime cost of battery electric vehicles （Bevs）, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles （PHevs）, and fuel cell electric vehicles （FCevs） in China in the near future. The full lifetime cost comprises the initial and periodic cost of owning and operating the vehicle. Compared with the conventional gasoline vehi- cles, the full lifetime cost of the Bevs, PHevs and FCevs are approximately 1.5, 0.5 and 2.3 times more in the short term, respectively, due to the higher initial costs and higher non-energy-related costs though the fuel costs are lower. The results also suggest that with reasonably anticipatable technological progress in the long term, the lifetime cost of advanced electric vehicles （evs） can be close to that of gasoline vehicles. It is found that two aspects of action are most important to make Bevs cost-effective： to support technology improvement to decrease the high cost of Bev and to formulate high energy cost of operating the conventional gasoline car. Moreover, it is important to decrease the non-energy operating costs including regis- tration fee, tax rate and etc., of Bevs at the same time.

关键词： electric vehicle （EV） life time cost China

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Experiments Study on Charge Technology of Lead-Acid electric vehicle Batteries

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Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology 2008年第2期17卷 159-163页

作者：李雯张承宁 School of Mechanical and Vehicular Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology

The basic theory of the fast charge and several charge methods are introduced. In order to heighten charge efficiency of valve-regulated lead-acid battery and shorten the charge time, five charge methods are investigated with experiments done on the Digatron BNT 400-050 test bench. Battery current, terminal voltage, capacity, energy and terminal pole temperature during battery experiment were recorded, and corresponding curves were depicted. Battery capacity-time ratio, energy efficiency and energy-temperature ratio are put forward to be the appraising criteria of lead-acid battery on electric vehicle （EV）. According to the appraising criteria and the battery curves, multistage-current/negative-pulse charge method is recommended to charge lead-acid ev battery.

关键词： electric vehicle （EV） lead-acid battery charge appraising criteria

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Auto-Test on Motor Temperature Rising in electric vehicles with Mutual MRAS

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Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology 2008年第4期17卷 395-399页

作者：王志福张承宁 School of Mechanical and Vehicular Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology

A new method to calculate the motor temperature rising in electric vehicle （EV） is proposed based on the stator resistance identification. The measure theory of the motor temperature rising with the stator resistance is discussed at first. An enhanced magnetism motor dynamic math model is built which is the research object. Then the resistance identification system model is built on the mutual model reference adaptive,system （MRAS） theory. The simulation diagram of the mutual MRAS model is constructed and the resistance identification performance is studied in different motor states. Simulation results indicate that the stator resistance identification model with the mutual MRAS is effective. At the same time, the identification of motor temperature rising is possible with the identification of the stator resistance.

关键词： electric vehicle （EV） motor＇s temperature rising model reference adaptive system （MARS） resistance identification

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A Multi-Objective Coordinated Charging and Discharging Strategy for electric vehicles Based on Stackelberg Game

A Multi-Objective Coordinated Charging and Discharging Strat...

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作者： Haozhe Xu Xueliang Huang School of electrical Engineering Southeast University

For the negative impact of large-scale electric vehicles（evs） disorderly charging on the power grid, a multi-objective optimization strategy for coordinated charging and discharging of evs based on Stackelberg game is proposed. As the leader, the grid company aims to stabilize load fluctuations and formulate a reasonable electricity price strategy to guide evs to participate in vehicle-to-grid（V2G）;As followers, ev users optimize their charging plans based on electricity price information with the objective of reducing costs and obtaining good comfort. This paper uses the MOPSO algorithm to solve the proposed multi-objective Stackelberg problem, and calculates the optimization results under various preferences, which proves the effectiveness of the pro-posed model and method.

关键词： vehicle-to-Grid （V2G） Stackelberg Game electric vehicle （EV） Optimal Dispatch

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