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Motor Control Network effective connectivity in Regulating Muscle Force Output

Natural Science 2021年第2期13卷 9-17页

作者： Soha Saleh Zhiguo Jiang Guang H. Yue Center for Mobility and Rehabilitation Engineering Research Kessler Foundation 1199 Pleasant Valley Way West Orange NJ USA Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Rutgers University Newark NJ USA

Objective of the study: This study aimed at characterizing output features of the higher-order motor control centers (hoMCCs), including secondary (premotor cortex [Pre] and supplementary motor area [SMA]) and association (prefrontal cortex [PFC]) motor regions to the primary motor cortex (M1) during graded force tasks. It is well known that one of the major roles of the primary motor cortex (M1) is controlling motor output such as muscle force. However, it is unclear how the hoMCCs interact with M1 in regulating voluntary muscle contractions. Methods: fMRI data was acquired during graded force tasks and fMRI-based effective connectivity (EC) and muscle force analyses were performed to study the relationship between hoMCCs-M1 effective connectivity and voluntarily exerted handgrip force. Results: The results show that there is a consistent information flow from the hoMCCs to M1 under all force conditions, suggesting a hierarchical control mechanism in the brain in regulating voluntary muscle force. Only the premotor cortex exhibited a significant role in mediating the level of force production through its EC with M1 but that role diminished when the exerted force was high, suggesting perhaps a ceiling and/or fatigue effect on the EC. A flip in the direction of EC from the primary sensory cortex (S1) to the hoMCCs (PFC, SMA, and Pre) at lower force levels while at higher forces EC was observed from the hoMCCs to S1. Conclusion: The hoMCCs regulate M1 output to produce desired voluntary muscle force. Only the Pre-to-M1 connectivity strength directly correlates with the force level especially from low to moderate levels. The hoMCCs are involved in modulating higher force production likely by strengthening M1 output and downgrading inhibition from S1 to M1.

关键词： Sensorimotor System Force Regulation effective connectivity Motor Control

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Mapping Internet gaming disorder using effective connectivity:a spectral dynamic causal modeling study

Mapping Internet gaming disorder using effective connectivit...

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第二十一届全国心理学学术会议

作者： Min Wang Xiaoxia Du Guangheng Dong Department of Psychology Zhejiang Normal University Department of Physics Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance East China Normal University Institute of Psychological and Brain Sciences Zhejiang Normal University

Understanding the neural basis underlying Internet gaming disorder(IGD) is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of this type of behavioral addiction. On the interactions between different brain regions involving in IGD, most of the current works using resting-state functional connectivity(rsFC) analysis to examine intrinsic brain network related to IGD. Aberrant rsFC of the default mode network(DMN) has been reported in individuals with IGD. A majority of studies suggested that the IGD demonstrated decreased rsFC between DMN-related regions, when comparing with healthy control. The question on the role of DMN plays in addiction has been widely discussed, as reFC provides us a good way to explore it. However, traditional rsFC evaluates pearson correlations among regions of interest(ROI) based on time series. This analytical approach could not answer questions about causal or directed connectivity among ROIs. Here we employed spectral dynamic causal modeling(spDCM) to explore this issue. The spDCM is an analytic technique that is modeled at the neuronal level. Therefore, it has the capacity to prompt the directional connectivity(effective connectivity) among functionally-related brain areas, compared with rsFC. In the current study, our main goal is to explore the effective connectivity within DMN network in IGD, which is the most active network in resting-state. Plenty of researches have revealed that the core regions of the DMN could also be observe aberrant changes in resting-state studies using IGD. we collected resting-state fMRI data from sizable samples(64 IGD and 63 recreational Internet game users, RGU). It must be said that the RGU had more gaming experience and longer game duration than the general control group but do not lose control of game, Which could overcome the limitations of previous studies using low frequent game players as controls. 4 regions within default mode network(medial prefrontal cortex, mPFC;posterior cingulate cortex, PCC;bilateral inferior parietal lobule, left IPL/right IPL)

关键词： Internet gaming disorder effective connectivity default mode network medial prefrontal cortex spectral dynamic causal modeling

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Broadband usage for rural communities in the North Island of Aotearoa New Zealand

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Intelligent and Converged Networks 2022年第3期3卷 244-259页

作者： Ming Xiang William Liu Edmund Lai Jairo Gutierrez Luca Chiaraviglio Jinsong Wu Control Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510300Chinaand also with the South China Sea Institute of Planning and Environmental ResearchMinistry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 510300China Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering School of EngineeringComputer and Mathematical SciencesAuckland University of TechnologyAuckland 1010New Zealand Department of Electronic Engineering University of Rome“Tor Vergata”Rome 00133Italy Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni(CNIT) Parma 43124Italy Department of Electrical Engineering Universidad de ChileSantiago 92101Chile

New Zealand government’s Rural Broadband Initiative(RBI)aims to invest 400 million New Zealand dollar to provide 99%of New Zealanders with access to 50 Mbps peak broadband speed,with the remaining 1%at 10 Mbps by 2025.By 2017,stage 1 of the RBI has been completed,and research is needed to find out the level of usage,proficiency,and productivity achieved by then.Therefore,a survey was carried out to learn whether the rural residents and their communities are making good use of the new fast broadband connection.The survey collected data from 217 rural residents from North Island,and the results indicate that about half of the interview respondents are satisfied with the new broadband speed and the reliability which is offered by RBI stage 1.However,there is about 28%of the respondents disagreed with them.The majority of the Internet uses for rural residents are information searching,reading news,online entertainment,and online banking.Besides that,only a small proportion of respondents know how to utilize the Internet in their work/business and benefit/profit from it,e.g.,using cloud technology capabilities and online marketing campaigns,etc.by then.Therefore,we argue that information and communications technologies(ICT)adoption is not only the availability of the infrastructure but also the beneficial outcomes of Internet availability.In other words,Internet skills in-depth training and education need to catch up with the infrastructure deployment,which is useful to fuel the digital productivity and inclusion for booming rural economies.The survey data-driven findings presented in this paper could serve as a reference to inform government policymakers and those who wish to create,invest,and take actions to speed up the economic and social growth of rural communities in Aotearoa New Zealand through the Internet while shifting from the Internet speed and traffic volume-driven to a more effective Internet connectivity and value-added driven rural economy.

关键词： data driven approach data-supported decision and policy making digital exclusion information and communications technologies(ICT)adoption effective connectivity rural broadband usage rural economic development

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The right inferior frontal gyrus as pivotal node and effective regulator of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical response inhibition circuit

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Psychoradiology 2023年第1期3卷 242-253页

作者： Qian Zhuang Lei Qiao Lei Xu Shuxia Yao Shuaiyu Chen Xiaoxiao Zheng Jialin Li Meina Fu Keshuang Li Deniz Vatansever Stefania Ferraro Keith M.Kendrick Benjamin Becker The Center of Psychosomatia Medicine Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental HealthSichuan Provincial People's HospitalThe University of Eectronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan Province 611731China Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders The Affliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiang Province 11121 China School of Psychology Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu610068China Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI) Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China School of Psychology and Cognitive Science East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Itelligence Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences The University of Hong KongHong Kong 99077 China Department of Psychology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 990777 China

Background:The involvement of specific basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits in response inhibition has been extensively mapped in animal models.However,the pivotal nodes and directed causal regulation within this inhibitory circuit in humans remains con-troversial.Objective:The main aim of the present study was to determine the causal information flow and critical nodes in the basal ganglia-thalamocortical inhibitory circuits and also to examine whether these are modulated by biological factors(i.***.sex)and behavioral performance.Methods:Here,we capitalize on the recent progress in robust and biologically plausible directed causal modeling(DCM-PEB)and a large response inhibition dataset(n=250)acquired with concomitant functional magnetic resonance imaging to determine key nodes,their causal regulation and modulation via biological variables(sex)and inhibitory performance in the inhibitory circuit encompassing the right inferior frontal gyrus(rIFG),caudate nucleus(rCau),globus pallidum(rGP),and thalamus(rThal).Results:The entire neural circuit exhibited high intrinsic connectivity and response inhibition critically increased causal projections from the rIFG to both rCau and rThal.Direct comparison further demonstrated that response inhibition induced an increasing rIFG inflow and increased the causal regulation of this region over the rCau and rThal.In addition,sex and performance influenced the functional architecture of the regulatory circuits such that women displayed increased rThal self-inhibition and decreased rThal to GP modulation,while better inhibitory performance was associated with stronger rThal to rIFG communication.Furthermore,control analyses did not reveal a similar key communication in a left lateralized model.Conclusions:Together,these findings indicate a pivotal role of the rIFG as input and causal regulator of subcortical response inhibition nodes.

关键词： response inhibition basal ganglia inferior frontal gyrus effective connectivity DCM

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Separate Neural Networks for Gains and Losses in Intertemporal Choice

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第5期34卷 725-735页

作者： Yang-Yang Zhang Lijuan Xu Zhu-Yuan Liang Kun Wang Bing Hou Yuan Zhou Shu Li Tianzi Jiang School of Psychology Shaanxi Normal University Brainnetome Center Institute of Automation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of Psychology Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Zhejiang University CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

An important and unresolved question is how human brain regions process information and interact with each other in intertemporal choice related to gains and losses. Using psychophysiological interaction and dynamic causal modeling analyses, we investigated the functional interactions between regions involved in the decision- making process while participants performed temporal discounting tasks in both the gains and losses domains. We found two distinct intrinsic valuation systems underlying temporal discounting in the gains and losses domains： gains were specifically evaluated in the medial regions, including the medial prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices, and losses were evaluated in the lateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. In addition, immediate reward or pun- ishment was found to modulate the functional interactions between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and distinct regions in both the gains and losses domains： in the gains domain, the mesolimbic regions; in the losses domain, the medial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and insula. These findings suggest that intertemporal choice of gains and losses might involve distinct valuation systems, and more importantly, separate neural interactions may implement the intertemporal choices of gains and losses. These findings may provide a new biological perspective for understanding the neural mechanisms underlying intertemporal choice of gains and losses.

关键词： Intertemporal choice Discounting losses effective connectivity Dynamic causal model Dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex Insula

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A review of functional magnetic resonance imaging for Brainnetome

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2012年第4期28卷 389-398页

作者： Ming Song Tianzi Jiang LIAMA Center for Computational Medicine National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation ChineseAcademy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education School of Life Science and Technology University ofElectronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China The Queensland Brain Institute the University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia

The functional brain network using blood-oxygen-level-dependent（BOLD） functional magnetic resonance imaging（fMRI） has revealed the potentials for probing brain architecture,as well as for identifying clinical biomarkers for brain diseases.In the general context of Brainnetome,this review focuses on the development of approaches for modeling and analyzing functional brain networks with BOLD fMRI.The prospects for these approaches are also discussed.

关键词： functional magnetic resonance imaging brain network functional connectivity effective connectivity Brainnetome

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Differential aberrant connectivity of precuneus and anterior insula may underpin the diagnosis of schizophrenia and mood disorders

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第12期11卷 1274-1287页

作者： Katrin Aryutova Rositsa Paunova Sevdalina Kandilarova Kristina Stoyanova Michael HJ Maes Drozdstoy Stoyanov Psychiatry and Medical Psychology Medical UniversityPlovdiv 4002Bulgaria Research Institute Medical UniversityPlovdiv 4002Bulgaria

BACKGROUND Over the past decade,resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rsfMRI)has concentrated on brain networks such as the default mode network(DMN),the salience network(SN),and the central executive network(CEN),allowing for a better understanding of cognitive deficits observed in mental disorders,as well as other characteristic psychopathological phenomena such as thought and behavior disorganization.AIM To investigate differential patterns of effective connectivity across distributed brain networks involved in schizophrenia(SCH)and mood disorders.METHODS The sample comprised 58 patients with either paranoid syndrome in the context of SCH(n=26)or depressive syndrome(Ds)(n=32),in the context of major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder.The methods used include rs-fMRI and subsequent dynamic causal modeling to determine the direction and strength of connections to and from various nodes in the DMN,SN and CEN.RESULTS A significant excitatory connection from the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex to the anterior insula(aI)was observed in the SCH patient group,whereas inhibitory connections from the precuneus to the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and from the aI to the precuneus were observed in the Ds group.CONCLUSION The results delineate specific patterns associated with SCH and Ds and offer a better explanation of the underlying mechanisms of these disorders,and inform differential diagnosis and precise treatment targeting.

关键词： Schizophrenia Major depressive disorder Bipolar disorder Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging effective connectivity precuneus insula default mode network salience network

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