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A pragmatic retrofitting approach to enhancing the thermal,energy and economic performance of an educational building:a case study in Malaysia

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Clean Energy 2023年第6期7卷 1282-1299页

作者： Etaib Alamin Natrah Kamaruzaman Haslinda Mohamed Kamar School of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity Teknologi MalaysiaMalaysia Higher Institute of Science and Technology TarhunaLibya

building retrofit procedures play a crucial role in improving the energy performance and economic indicators of a *** this context,an energy audit is typically recommended,but it is seldom used as a comprehensive approach due to the complexity and associated *** article aims to conduct a holistic energy audit approach for a university building in Malaysia,with the objective of diagnosing energy efficiency deficiencies,identifying areas of energy waste and proposing practical retrofit measures *** approach involved multiple stages,including measurements,surveys and simulation *** energy-saving measures were proposed,targeting improvements in envelope elements,cooling and lighting systems,and operation and *** Design-Builder software was utilized for energy simulation,assessing the annual energy *** evaluation indices,such as net present value and simple payback period,were used to assess the economic feasibility of the *** results demonstrated significant potential for energy reduction,with each measure achieving annual energy reductions ranging from 2%to 18%,and a cumulative im-pact of 41%on annual energy consumption when *** investment payback period for the energy-saving measures varied from 0.8 to 8.9 years,with a payback period of 3.9 years for the combined energy-saving ***,the net present value was positive,indicating the economic feasibility of investing in the proposed energy-saving *** findings provide valu-able energy-saving opportunities that can be applied to improve similar buildings on the university campus.

关键词： energy saving building retrofits educational building energy-saving opportunities energy audit

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Net-Zero Energy building Enhancement for a Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Platinum educational Facility

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2014年第8期8卷 963-972页

作者： Aydin Tabrizi Paola Sanguinetti Department of Architecture University of Kansas Lawrence 66045 USA

In the United States, university buildings use 17% of total non-residential building energy per year. According to the NREL （National Renewable Energy Laboratory）, the average lifecycle of a building in a university is 42 years with an EUI （energy use intensity） of 23 kWh/m^2/y. Current building and energy codes limit the EUI to 16 kWh/m^2/y for new school buildings; this benchmark can vary depending on climate, occupancy, and other contextual factors. Although the LEED （leadership in energy and environmental design） system provides a set of guidelines to rate sustainable buildings, studies have shown that 28%-35% of the educational LEED-rated buildings use more energy than their conventional counterparts. This paper examines the issues specific to a LEED-rated design addition to an existing university building. The forum, a lecture hall expansion of to an existing building at the University of Kansas, has been proposed as environmentally friendly and energy-efficient building addition. Comfort and health aspects have been considered in the design in order to obtain LEED platinum certificate. The forum＇s energy performance strategies include a double-skin facade to reduce energy consumption and PV （photovoltaic） panels to generate onsite energy. This study considers various scenarios to meet NZEB （net-zero energy building） criteria and maximize energy savings. The feasibility of NZE criteria is evaluated for：（a） seasonal comparison; （b） facility occupancy; （c） PV panels＇ addition in relation to double skin facade. The results of NZEB approach are compared to LEED platinum requirements, based on Rol （return on investment） and PV panel＇s efficiency for this specific educational building.

关键词： NZEB double skin facade energy plus educational building PV panels LEED

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Indoor Air Quality(IAQ)Evaluation of Higher Education Learning Environments

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Journal of Smart buildings and Construction Technology 2022年第1期4卷 1-14页

作者： Supreet Lama Changfeng Fu Angela Lee University of West London LondonUK University of Salford ManchesterUK

2022 Indoor Air Quality(IAQ),particularly in educational facilities,is gaining considerable interest and is a synonymous indicator towards evaluating human *** such as CO_(2) concentration,temperature,and humidity play crucial parts in determining an acceptable level of *** studies have also demonstrated that the indoor air quality of classrooms affects students’concentration and *** with the threat of a global pandemic,the demand of clean&fresh indoor air quality in education buildings is extremely *** study focuses on investigating IAQ situations and changes in different typical functional spaces of a higher education building in the ***_(2),temperature,and humidity data in various learning environment were monitored via data loggers during the *** with data monitoring,a set of questionnaires surveys were carried out to evaluate the user’s *** results of this study show that temperature and CO_(2) concentration in the classrooms was constantly higher than the government guidance on a daily *** analysis also shows that temperature and humidity increased with CO_(2) levels,but at a much lower *** study has revealed poor and concerning IAQ in higher education buildings in the UK,particularly in larger rooms with high *** with the findings,this paper also identifies possible impact or factors and proposes solutions to overcome these issues.

关键词： Indoor air quality Temperature Carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) Humidity Human comfort educational building

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The Analysis of Human Behaviour and Evacuation in a Fire Situation in a building for Higher Education

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2024年第2期18卷 86-91页

作者： Dan Diaconu-Şotropa Technical University“Gh.Asachi” Iassy 700050Romania

The paper presents the analysis of a human evacuation from a higher education building located in Iassy,Romania,by means of engineering techniques to approach fire *** in Romania(as in other European countries)fire safety design of buildings is prescriptive and not performance-based,a fire safety engineering approach arouse great interest in many countries such as the U.S.A.,Australia,New Zealand,England,Sweden,Finland,*** paper is based on the assumption of starting a fire in the space of a hall for festivities,located on the ground floor of the building,near two human evacuation routes;We consider two building evacuation scenarios:two exits and,respectively,just one exit(assuming that the second would be accidentally blocked).

关键词： CFD(computational fluid dynamics) FDS(fire dynamics simulator) fire safety engineering smoke human behaviour fire simulation educational building

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