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Effects of ecological projects on vegetation in the Three Gorges Area of Chongqing, China

Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第1期19卷 121-135页

作者： LI Feng ZHOU Wen-zuo SHAO Zhou-ling ZHOU Xin-yao School of Geographical Sciences Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China

The construction of the Three Gorges Reservoir and the resettlement project have caused increasing contradictions between human and land,and led to the deterioration of the ecological environment. In order to ameliorate ecological environment of the Three Gorges Area, the government carried out several ecological restoration projects to improve the vegetation coverage from 1990 s. This paper aims to quantitatively analyze the impact of ecological projects on the vegetation in the Three Gorges Area of Chongqing, China. Landsat and MODIS data from 1992 to 2015 were used to estimate vegetation coverage. In addition, the land cover data of the European Space Agency(ESA) was used to explore the impact of ecological projects on land cover change. The cropland accounted for about 62% and the forestland accounted for about 34% of the total area. There was more than 90% of the study area covered with high or very high vegetation *** 1992 to 2015, a total of 272.7 km;croplands were converted into forestland in the ecological Migration Project(EMP), 795.6 km;in the Grain for Green Project(GGP), and 13.77 km;in the ecological Restoration Zone Project(ERZP). Among the three projects, the GGP was the most powerful measure,with a contribution rate of 1.6%. The implementation of the ecological projects improved vegetation coverage, which indicated that the ecological projects measures were effective in ecological restoration.

关键词： Land cover change Fractional vegetation coverage Vegetation restoration ecological projects MODIS Three Gorges Area

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2000-2019年中国重大生态工程生态效益遥感评估

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2023年第8期33卷 1587-1613页

作者：邵全琴刘树超宁佳刘国波杨帆张雄一牛丽楠黄海波樊江文刘纪远 Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Economics and Management Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022ZhejiangChina

We propose a theoretical framework for assessing the ecological benefits provided by key national ecological projects in China over the past 20 years.A dataset consisting of six primary indicators and nine secondary indicators of ecosystem structure,ecosystem quality,and ecosystem services for 2000-2019 was generated using ground survey and remote sensing *** benefits were quantitatively evaluated following the implementation of these projects in *** with medium,relatively high,and high degrees of ecological restoration accounted for 24.1%,11.9%,and 1.7% of the national land,*** of ecological restoration were higher in areas with greater numbers of ecological *** with relatively and absolutely high degrees of ecological restoration were mainly concentrated in the Loess Plateau,the farming-pastoral zone of northern China,the Northeast China Plain,and an area spanning the borders of Sichuan,Yunnan,Guizhou,Chongqing,and *** relative contributions of climatic factors and ecological projects to changes in vegetation net primary productivity were 85.4% and 14.6%,respectively,and the relative contributions of climatic factors and ecological projects to changes in water erosion modulus were 69.5% and 30.5%,*** restoration potential of national vegetation coverage was 20%,and the restoration potential percentage of forest and grassland vegetation coverage was 6.4% and 23%,*** conditions can inhibit ecological *** with relatively high and high degrees of ecological restoration were mainly distributed in areas with an average annual temperature greater than 0℃ and annual precipitation greater than 300 ***,the limitations associated with climate conditions require consideration during the implementation of national ecological *** implementation of combined measures should be emphasized,and the benefits of ecological investment funds should be maximized.

关键词： ecological projects ecosystem ecological restoration degree ecological restoration potential

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2000—2019年中国重大生态工程生态效益遥感评估

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生态环境与保护 2023年第1期

作者：邵全琴刘树超宁佳刘国波杨帆张雄一牛丽楠黄海波樊江文刘纪远

本文提出了重大生态工程实施生态效益评估理论框架，在选取生态系统宏观结构、生态系统质量和生态系统服务3大类、6个一级指标和9个二级指标的基础上，利用地面和遥感数据，结合模型模拟，生成了2000-2019年长时间序列评估指标参数数据... 详细信息

本文提出了重大生态工程实施生态效益评估理论框架，在选取生态系统宏观结构、生态系统质量和生态系统服务3大类、6个一级指标和9个二级指标的基础上，利用地面和遥感数据，结合模型模拟，生成了2000-2019年长时间序列评估指标参数数据集，定量评估了中国重大生态工程实施20年后的生态效益。结果表明：生态恢复程度中等、较高和高的区域面积分别占全国国土面积的24.1％、11.9％和1.7％，生态工程实施数量越多的地区，生态恢复程度越高，生态恢复程度较高和高的区域主要集中在黄土高原、北方农牧交错带、东北平原、川滇黔渝湘结合部等地区；气候因素和生态工程对植被净初级生产力变化的贡献率分别为85.4％和14.6％，对水蚀模数变化的贡献率分别为69.5％和30.5％；中国植被覆盖度有20％的恢复潜力，森林植被覆盖度恢复潜力为6.4％，草地植被覆盖度恢复潜力为23％；气候条件是生态恢复的重要限制因素，生态恢复程度较高和高的区域主要分布在年均温大于0℃和年降水量大于300mm的地区。因此，重大生态工程的部署，应充分考虑气候条件的限制性，避免实施单一生态工程或单一生态恢复措施，充分发挥生态工程组合措施的综合效应，提高生态投入资金的最大效益。

关键词：生态工程生态系统生态恢复程度生态恢复潜力 ecological projects ecosystem ecological restoration degree ecological restoration potential

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