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Treatment patterns and survival outcomes in patients with nonmetastatic early-onset pancreatic cancer

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第12期30卷 1739-1750页

作者： Le-Tian Zhang Ying Zhang Bi-Yang Cao Chen-Chen Wu Jing Wang Graduate School Chinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijing 100853China Department of Radiation Oncology First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Department of Internal Medicine Hospital of University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

BACKGROUND The incidence of patients with early-onset pancreatic cancer(EOPC;age≤50 years at diagnosis)is on the rise,placing a heavy burden on individuals,families,and society.The role of combination therapy including surgery,radiotherapy,and chemotherapy in non-metastatic EOPC is not well-defined.AIM To investigate the treatment patterns and survival outcomes in patients with non-metastatic EOPC.METHODS A total of 277 patients with non-metastatic EOPC who were treated at our institution between 2017 and 2021 were investigated retrospectively.Overall survival(OS),disease-free survival,and progression-free survival were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.Univariate and multivariate analyses with the Cox proportional hazards model were used to identify prognostic factors.RESULTS With a median follow-up time of 34.6 months,the 1-year,2-year,and 3-year OS rates for the entire cohort were 84.3%,51.5%,and 27.6%,respectively.The median OS of patients with localized disease who received surgery alone and adjuvant therapy(AT)were 21.2 months and 28.8 months,respectively(P=0.007).The median OS of patients with locally advanced disease who received radiotherapy-based combination therapy(RCT),surgery after neoadjuvant therapy(NAT),and chemotherapy were 28.5 months,25.6 months,and 14.0 months,respectively(P=0.002).The median OS after regional recurrence were 16.0 months,13.4 months,and 8.9 months in the RCT,chemotherapy,and supportive therapy groups,respectively(P=0.035).Multivariate analysis demonstrated that carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level,pathological grade,T-stage,N-stage,and resection were independent prognostic factors for non-metastatic EOPC.CONCLUSION AT improves postoperative survival in localized patients.Surgery after NAT and RCT are the preferred therapeutic options for patients with locally advanced EOPC.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer early-onset Non-metastatic Multimodal treatment Radiotherapy Overall survival

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Treatment of early-onset scoliosis: techniques, indications, and complications

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Chinese Medical Journal 2020年第3期133卷 351-357页

作者： Yan-Bin Zhang Jian-Guo Zhang Department of Education Beijing Jishuitan Hospital4th Clinical Medical College of Peking UniversityBeijing 100035China Department of Orthopedics Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China.

The treatments for early-onset scoliosis(EOS)remain great challenges for spine surgeons.This study aimed to comprehensively review the treatments for EOS,especially the advancements made in the last decade.Current studies on EOS were retrieved through a search on PubMed,UpToDate,the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus were reviewed.The most pertinent information related to the current treatments for EOS was collected.The foci of treatments for EOS have included creating a well-developed thoracic cavity,improving lung volume,and improving pulmonary function.Conservative treatments include bracing,casting,halo-gravity traction,and physiotherapy.Serial casting is the most effective conservative treatment for EOS.Surgical treatments mainly include growth-friendly techniques,which are generally classified into three types according to the amount of correction force applied:distraction-based,compression-based,and growth-guided.The distraction-based systems include traditional or conventional growing rods,magnetically controlled growing rods,and vertical expandable prosthesis titanium ribs.The compression-based systems include vertebral body stapling and tethering.The growth-guided systems include the Shilla system and modern Luque trolley.In addition,some newer techniques have emerged in recent years,such as posterior dynamic deformity correction(ApiFix).For EOS patients presenting with sharp deformities in a long,congenital spinal deformity,a hybrid technique,one-stage posterior osteotomy with short segmental fusion and dual growing rods,may be a good choice.Hemivertebra resection is the gold standard for congenital scoliosis caused by single hemivertebra.Although the patient’s growth potential is preserved in growth-friendly surgeries,a high complication rate should be expected,as well as a prolonged treatment duration and additional costs.Knowledge about EOS and its treatment options is rapidly expanding.Conservative treatments have specific limitations.For curves requiring a surgical intervention,surgical tec

关键词： early-onset scoliosis Techniques Conservative treament Hemivertebra resection Fusionless Growth-friendly

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Old vs new: Risk factors predicting early onset colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第11期11卷 1011-1020页

作者： Aslam R Syed Payal Thakkar Zachary D Horne Heitham Abdul-Baki Gursimran Kochhar Katie Farah Shyam Thakkar Division of Gastroenterology Allegheny Health NetworkPittsburghPA 15212United States Allegheny Singer Research Institute Allegheny Health NetworkPittsburghPA 15212United States Division of Radiation Oncology Allegheny Health Network Cancer InstitutePittsburghPA 15212United States

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second leading cause of all cancer related deaths in the United States and Europe.Although the incidence has been decreasing for individuals’≥50,it has been on the rise for individualsearly-onset CRC.METHODS A population-based cohort analysis using a national database,Explorys,screened all patients with an active electronic medical record from January 2012 to December 2016 with a diagnosis of CRC.Subgroups were stratified based on age(25–49 years vs≥50 years).Demographics,comorbidities,and symptom profiles were recorded and compared between both age groups.Furthermore,the younger group was also compared with a control group consisting of individuals aged 25-49 years within the same timeframe without a diagnosis of CRC.Twentydata points for CRC related factors were analyzed to identify potential risk factors specific to early-onset CRC.RESULTS A total of 68860 patients were identified with CRC,of which 5710(8.3%)were younger than 50 years old,with 4140(73%)between 40-49 years of age.Multivariable analysis was reported using odds ratio(OR)with 95%CI and demonstrated that several factors were associated with an increased risk of CRC in the early-onset group versus the later-onset group.These factors included:African-American race(OR 1.18,95%CI:1.09-1.27,Pearly-onset cohort versus the control group,factors that were associated with an increased risk of CRC were:male gender(OR 1.34,95%CI:1.27-1.41),P<0.001),Caucasian(OR 1.48,95%CI:1.40-1.57,P<0.001)and African-American race(OR 1.25,95%CI:1.17-1.35,P<0.001),presenting symptoms

关键词： Colorectal cancer early-onset colorectal cancer Colorectal cancer screening Epidemiology analysis Colorectal neoplasm Average-risk screening

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Clinical Features and Microvascular Complications Risk Factors of early-onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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Current Medical Science 2019年第5期39卷 754-758页

作者： Jia-xin HUANG Yun-fei LIAO Yu-ming LI Department of Ultrasound Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Department of Endocrinology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China

The aim of this research was to study the clinical features and microvascular complications risk factors of early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).We analyzed the clinical data from 1421 T2DM inpatients at Wuhan Union Hospital.Subjects were divided into early-onset T2DM group(diagnostic ageonset T2DM group(diagnostic age>40 years).All subjects underwent a standardized assessment of microvascular complications.Data were compared with independent-samples t test or Chi-square test.Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors of microvascular complications.Patients with early-onset T2DM were more inclined to have a lower systolic blood pressure(SBP),a longer duration of diabetes and higher levels of body mass index(BM1),uric acid(UA),fasting plasma glucose(FPG),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbAlc)than those with lateonset T2DM(Pearly-onset group than in late-onset group(Pearly-onset T2DM.SBP and TG were independent risk factors in late-onset T2DM.For DR,duration of diabetes and SBP were independent risk factors in early-onset T2DM.Duration of diabetes,SBP and HbAlc were independent risk factors in late-onset T2DM.This study demonstrated that the clinical characteristics of early-onset T2DM were metabolic disorders,including glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism.early-onset T2DM was more likely to be associated with DR.The potential pathogenesis of early and late-onset T2DM might be different.The management of metabolic risk factors especially HbA1c,SBP,TG and UA is advised to be performed in the early stage of diabetes.

关键词： early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus diabetic microvascular complication diabetic nephropathy diabetic retinopathy diabetic peripheral neuropathy

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early-onset diabetes:an epidemic in China

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Frontiers of Medicine 2018年第6期12卷 624-633页

作者： Jiemin Pan Weiping Jia Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai 200233China

Although type 2 diabetes is a disease often associated with aging, the global prevalence of early-onset diabetes has been increasing due to man's sedentary lifestyle, low-physical activity, obesity, and some nonmodifiable risk factors. Many studies have found that individuals with early-onset type 2 diabetes were at higher risk of developing vascular complications than those with late-onset diabetes. Individuals with early-onset diabetes are usually unwilling to visit hospital and have more confidence in their health, which results in poor glycemic control and the delayed detection of diabetes-related complications. Few studies have focused on the treatment and prevention of complications in specific population of individuals with early-onset type 2 diabetes. Therefore, focusing on this particular population is critical for the government and academic societies. Screening for T2DM is imminent for young adults with a family history of diabetes, obesity, markers of insulin resistance, or alcohol consumption. More data are definitely required to establish a reasonable risk model to screen for early-onset diabetes.

关键词： diabetes diabetes complications early-onset

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Research progress on the impact of diet on the early-onset colorectal cancer

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Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期27卷 527-534页

作者： Lu B. Jin T. Liu C. Xiao Q. Dai M. Department of Nursing The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310009 China Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention Ministry of Education The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer Hangzhou 310009 China Center for medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors Ministry of Education Hangzhou 310058 China Department of Epidemiology National Cancer Center National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100021 China

The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer has been gradually increasing in recent years. Studies have shown that early-onset CRC is closely related to modifiable risk factors such as diet, but there is still a lack of consistent conclusions and a systematic review of relevant research results. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the association between diet and the early-onset CRC, clarified the association and relative risk between different dietary patterns, common food types and nutrients and the occurrence of early-onset CRC, and elaborated the underlying physiological mechanisms. Enhancing the understanding of dietary risk factors, which are modifiable exogenous risk factors, is expected to serve as a reference for the formulation of primary prevention strategies for early-onset CRC. © 2024 Chinese Medical Journals Publishing House Co.Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Colorectal neoplasms early-onset Diet nutrients Primary prevention

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Research progress and future trends of early-onset gastric cancer

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Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期27卷 521-526页

作者： Zhao B. Wang X. Department of General Surgery The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China Medical College Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China

early onset gastric cancer (EOGC), defined as gastric cancer occurring at a younger age. early-onset gastric cancer tends to be poorly differentiated and highly malignant. Genetic material and environmental exposure factors may be the main causes of early occurrence of gastric cancer. Prolonging the survival and improving the quality of life of patients with early-onset gastric cancer is our main research goal in the future. This article aims to elaborate on the current research status and progress of EOGC in terms of its clinicopathological characteristics, molecular genetics, microecological environment, prediction methods, treatment plans, and prognosis, while also exploring potential avenues for future research. © 2024 Chinese Medical Journals Publishing House Co.Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： early-onset Research progress Diagnosis Stomach neoplasms treatment direction

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Molecular approach to genetic and epigenetic pathogenesis of early-onset colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第1期8卷 83-98页

作者： gulcin tezcan berrin tunca secil ak gulsah cecener unal egeli department of medical biology faculty of medicineuludag university16059 BursaTurkey

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the third most frequent cancer type and the incidence of this disease is increasing gradually per year in individuals younger than 50 years old. The current knowledge is that early-onset CRC(EOCRC) cases are heterogeneous population that includes both hereditary and sporadic forms of the CRC. Although EOCRC cases have some distinguishing clinical and pathological features than elder age CRC, the molecular mechanism underlying the EOCRC is poorly clarified. Given the significance of CRC in the world of medicine, the present review will focus on the recent knowledge in the molecular basis of genetic and epigenetic mechanism of the hereditary forms of EOCRC, which includes Lynch syndrome, Familial CRC type X, Familial adenomatous polyposis, Mut YH-associated polyposis, Juvenile polyposis syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome and sporadic forms of EOCRC. Recent findings about molecular genetics and epigenetic basis of EOCRC gave rise to new alternative therapy protocols. Although exact diagnosis of these cases still remains complicated, the present review paves way for better predictions and contributes to more accurate diagnostic and therapeutic strategies into clinical approach.

关键词： early-onset Colorectal cancer Epigeneticmechanism Genetic mechanism Clinical outcome

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early-onset colorectal cancer:A review of current knowledge

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第8期29卷 1289-1303页

作者： Margarida R Saraiva Isadora Rosa Isabel Claro Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco GentilLisboa 1099-023Portugal

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide.Although most prevalent among older people,its incidence above 50 years old has been decreasing globally in the last decades,probably as a result of better screening.Paradoxically,its incidence in patients below 50 years old[early-onset CRC(EO-CRC)]has been increasing,for reasons not yet fully understood.EOCRC’s increasing incidence is genre independent but shows racial disparities and has been described to occur worldwide.It follows a birth-cohort effect which probably reflects a change in exposure to CRC risk factors.Its incidence is predicted to double until 2030,which makes EO-CRC a serious public health issue.Both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors have been identified-some are potential targets for preventive measures.EO-CRC is often diagnosed at advanced stages and histological features associated with poor prognosis have been described.EO-CRC presents some distinctive features:Microsatellite instability is common,but another subtype of tumours,both microsatellite and chromosome stable also seems relevant.There are no age-specific treatment protocols and studies on EO-CRC survival rates have shown conflicting data.Due to the higher germline pathological mutations found in EO-CRC patients,an accurate genetic risk evaluation should be performed.In this review,we summarize the current evidence on epidemiological,clinical,histopathological and molecular features of EO-CRC and discuss the contribution of genetics and lifestyle risk factors.We further comment on screening strategies and specific dimensions to consider when dealing with a younger cancer patient.

关键词： Colorectal cancer early-onset Adenocarcinoma Hereditary Birth-cohort effect Risk factors

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Epidemiological characteristics of early-onset colorectal cancer: a prospective cohort study from a single center

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Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期27卷 457-463页

作者： Jin T. Zhu Y. Liu C. Xu X. Lu W. Xiao Q. Ding K. Zheng S. Department of Colorectal Surgery Oncology Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310009 China Department of Nursing The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310009 China Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors Hangzhou 310058 China

Objective To explore the differences in distribution of colorectal cancer-related risk factors between patients with early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) and those with late-onset colorectal cancer (LOCRC) in a Chinese cohort, and to provide reference and guidance for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of EOCRC. Methods Using data from the National Colorectal Cancer Cohort study cohort, 5377 patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer (CRC) attending the Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from June 2018 to February 2023 were included in the study cohort. Questionnaires capturing epidemiological features, including lifestyle and dietary habits, were administered. The patients were divided into two groups, the cut-off age being 50 years. Those aged ≥50 years were defined as having LOCRC and those aged <50 years as having EOCRC. Wilcoxon (continuous variates) or χ2 tests (categorical variates) were performed to compare differences in epidemiological features. Results A total of 3799 people who had completed the questionnaire were included in this study, 491 of whom had EOCRC and 3308 LOCRC. The response rate to the questionnaire was 70.7%. The median ages of patients in the EOCRC and LOCRC groups were 43 and 66 years, respectively. There was a higher proportion of female patients (48.5% [253/491] vs. 35.8% [1184/3308], χ2=28.8, P<0.001) in the EOCRC than the LOCRC group. Patients with EOCRC and lower body mass index (medium 22.1 kg/m2 vs. 22.9 kg/m2, W=744 793, P=0.005) and lower proportion of abdominal obesity (87.2% [428/491] vs. 93.8% [3103/3308], χ2=38.3, P<0.001). Patients with EORC significantly less commonly reported a history of hypertension (5.9% [29/491] vs. 41.6% [1375/3308], χ2=231.8, P<0.001), diabetes (1.4% [7/491] vs. 14.4% [476/3308], χ2=63.6, P<0.001) and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (0.8% [4/491] vs. 7.3% [241/3308], χ2=28.6, P<0.001). However, the proportion of patients with a family hist

关键词： Colorectal neoplasms early-onset Eating habits Epidemiological characteristics Lifestyle

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