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A brain structural connectivity biomarker for autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in early childhood

Psychoradiology 2023年第1期3卷 171-181页

作者： Xi Jiang Xiao-Jing Shou Zhongbo Zhao Yuzhong Chen Fan-Chao Meng Jiao Le Tian-Jia Song Xin-Jie Xu Weitong Guo Xiaoyan Ke Xiao-E Cai Weihua Zhao Juan Kou Ran Huo Ying Liu Hui-Shu Yuan Yan Xing Ji-Sheng Han Song-Ping Han Yun Li Hua Lai Lan Zhang Mei-Xiang Jia Jing Liu Xuan Liu Keith M.Kendrick Rong Zhang The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute MOE Key Lab for NeuroinformationSchool of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Neuroscience Research Institute Key Laboratory for NeuroscienceMinistry of Education of ChinaKey Laboratory for NeuroscienceNational Committee of Health and Family Planning of ChinaDepartment of NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Leamning Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomicsand IDG/McGovermn Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijng 100875China Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Child Mental Health Research Center Nanjing Brain Hospital Affliated of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Radiology Department Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Department of Pediatrics Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Wuxi Shenpingxintai Medical Technology Co LtdWuxi 214091China Mental Health Institute Peking UniversityKey Laboratory of Ministry of HealthThe Ministry of Public HealthBeijing 100191China Shandong Ke Luo Ni Ke(CLINIC)Medical Technology Co LtdDezhou 253011China Autism Research Center of Peking University Health Science Center Beiing 100191China Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University100191BeijingChina

Background:Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is associated with altered brain development,but it is unclear which specific structural changes may serve as potential diagnostic markers,particularly in young children at the age when symptoms become fully ***,such brain markers need to meet the requirements of precision medicine and be accurate in aiding diagnosis at an individual rather than only a group ***:This study aimed to identify and model brain-wide differences in structural connectivity using diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)in young ASD and typically developing(TD)***:A discovery cohort including 93 ASD and 26 TD children and two independent validation cohorts including 12 ASD and 9 TD children from three different cities in China were ***-wide(294 regions)structural connectivity was measured using DTI(fractional anisotropy,FA)together with symptom severity and cognitive development.A connection matrix was constructed for each child for comparisons between ASD and TD *** classification was performed on the discovery dataset and the resulting model was tested on the two independent validation ***:Thirty-three structural connections showed increased FA in ASD compared to TD children and associated with both autistic symptom severity and impaired general cognitive *** majority(29/33)involved the frontal lobe and comprised five different networks with functional relevance to default mode,motor control,social recognition,language and ***,clas-sification achieved very high accuracy of 96.77%in the discovery dataset,and 91.67%and 88.89%in the two independent validation ***:Identified structural connectivity differences primarily involving the frontal cortex can very accurately distinguish novel individual ASD from TD children and may therefore represent a robust early brain biomarker which can address the requirements of precision medicine.

关键词： autism spectrum disorder diffusion tensor imaging fractional anisotropy brain structural connectivity individual diag-nosis early childhood

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early childhood severe scalds in a developing country: A 3-year retrospective study

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Burns & Trauma 2013年第3期1卷 122-127页

作者： Pius Agbenorku Reconstructive Plastic Surgery and Burns Unit Department of Surgery Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital School of Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

The burns intensive care unit (BICU) staff observed an increasing number of pediatric scald burn admissions as a result of increase injuries associated with the scald burns. A retrospective study was conducted to identify scalds demographics, etiologies, and mortality risk factors. This descriptive study comprised a total of 166 patients aged 0-5 years, who were admitted to the BICU of the Reconstructive Plastic Surgery and Burns Unit (RPSBU) through the Accident and Emergency (A and E) Centre of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) from May 1st 2009 to April 30th 2012. Source of information was the BICU Computerized Database System. Data extracted included demographics as well as treatment methods and outcomes. The study population was 166;92 (55.4%) males and 74 (44.6%) females. Scalds admissions were 141 (84.9%);13 (9.2%) of them died, 83 (58.9%) discharged, and 45 (31.9%) transferred-out to another burn ward and pediatric surgery ward in the hospital. Scald patients' demographics included 78 males (55.3%) and 63 females (44.7%);mean age was 2.18 years. Mortality risk factors identified were age 30% (P = 0.017), and multiple body parts affected (P = 0.049). The current study showed age, hot water, and Total Burns Surface Area (TBSA) as risk factors of early childhood scalds. Education on scalds prevention targeting mothers/caregivers is needed to create awareness of the frequency, severity, and danger associated with pediatric scalds.

关键词： Scalds risk factor education early childhood outcome prevention

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early childhood Development (0 - 6 Years Old) from Healthy to Pathologic: A Review of the Literature

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Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2020年第3期9卷 100-122页

作者： Chkirate Meriem Mammad Khaoula Chtabou Ghizlane Mdaghri Alaoui Asmaa Ahami O. T. Ahmed Clinical Neuroscience and Applied Nutrition Unit Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Kenitra Morocco Pediatric Service 2 Children’s Hospital University Hospital Center (UHC) Ibn Sina Rabat Morocco Research Team in Congenital Anomalies Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco

early childhood development involves an appropriate global intervention concerning the different areas of development such as: physical, cognitive, language and socio-emotional [1]. Especially during the first six years of life in an adequate environment rich in exchange and interaction. We will present in this article a review of the literature concerning normal early childhood development, focus firstly in normal development’s steps, the importance of first experiences and first aid with a stable and caring attachment figure. second, we will describe the various developmental disorders, occurring during this age group which extends from birth to 6 years and based on the DSM5 classification, namely that developmental delay may concern only one aspect of development (e.g. language delay or motor delay specifically) or concern the different aspects of development (overall development delay). The dynamics of development is also important to clarify because schematically we contrast the pathologies fixed to progressive pathologies (where we find the concepts of stagnation or regression in the development of the child). We will discuss in the third chapter, the interest of early detection as well as the multiple clinical and psychometric diagnostic tools, which aim to detect any delay or disorder in order to initiate appropriate care and minimize the long-term consequences.

关键词： early childhood Normal Development Developmental Disorder early Screening Remediation

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Literature Review:Inclusive Education in early childhood

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Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 2020年第5期4卷 57-60页

作者： Zixuan Yang Sichuan Nomal University Sichuan provinceChina

This literature review provides an overview of existing research and compares,and contrasts aims and definitions of Inclusive Education(IE)policies in China and *** begins with the development of IE in each country;then it describes definition and concept of *** last section summarizes research in early childhood education in both countries.

关键词： Inclusive education Policy Australia China early childhood

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Partial gastric pull-up in the treatment of patients with long-gap esophageal atresia

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2015年第3期11卷 267-271页

作者： Marc Reismann Tina Granholm Henrik Ehrén Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology Astrid Lindgren Children's HospitalKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden

Background:This study was to analyze outcomes of long-gap esophageal atresia(LGEA)treated with partial gastric pull-up(PGP)into the ***:The medical records of all children who had undergone PGP for LGEA from 1999 to 2012 were *** data,initial postoperative course,complications,time to full oral nutrition,follow-up diagnostics and nutritional status were ***:Nine children who had undergone PGP were followed up for a mean period of 6.2±3.1 *** median gestational age was 37+2 weeks,and mean birth weight 2462±658 *** children were primarily treated with a gastrostomy,their mean age at PGP was 11.4+10.9 weeks and mean weight was 4484+1966 *** mean operation time was 199+51 *** was an early postoperative complication in three children,one of whom had a consecutive stricture *** complications were stenosis(n=7)and gastro-esophageal reflux(n=5).The general status of the children was judged as"good"or"very good"on the last *** median percentile of the body-mass-index was *** at 3.7±3.2 years after the operation revealed a grade I esophagitis in two *** was no death in this group of ***:Because of its high complication rate,partial gastric pull-up cannot be recommended as an alternative for the treatment of LGEA at present.A final judgment could be made on the basis of a comparative study.

关键词： early childhood esophageal atresia gastric pull-up

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早期儿童家庭养育的社会需求分析

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青少年导刊 2016年第1期 25-30页

作者：徐浙宁

基于上海市某区2046户0-3岁儿童家庭养育调查，分析家庭在早期儿童家庭养育中的困难与问题，特别是对托儿服务、早教指导和育儿政策等方面存在的共性需求。研究显示，随着儿童年龄增长，早期儿童家庭对于社会性看护的需求增强；至儿童2... 详细信息

基于上海市某区2046户0-3岁儿童家庭养育调查，分析家庭在早期儿童家庭养育中的困难与问题，特别是对托儿服务、早教指导和育儿政策等方面存在的共性需求。研究显示，随着儿童年龄增长，早期儿童家庭对于社会性看护的需求增强；至儿童2岁时，近四成受访者表示希望有托儿服务支持。现有早教指导的覆盖面、内容及形式等方面远不能满足受访者的需求。“父母假”是最集中的育儿政策需求。

关键词： 0-3岁早期儿童家庭养育社会性需求 0-3 years early childhood family raising social needs

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A Rare Classical Presentation of Bardet-Biedl Syndrome in a Three-Year-Old Male from South East Nigeria: A Case Report

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2016年第8期5卷 243-249页

作者： Nneka C. Okoronkwo Department of Paediatrics Abia State University Teaching Hospital Aba Nigeria

Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (BBS) is a rare autosomal recessive ciliopathy characterized by obesity, post-axial polydactyly, renal abnormalities, mental retardation, pigmentary retinopathy and hypogenitalism. Diagnosis is rare in early childhood, and only few of the features are present at that age. This is because the disease is slow evolving. However, it is possible to find majority of the component of this syndrome in very young children. A 3-year old very obese male presented with clinical features of sepsis and congestive cardiac failure. He is a product of non-consanguineous marriage with unremarkable family history. Both parents are of the Ibo tribe in Nigeria. Polydactyly was noticed at birth. There was delay in some aspects of his developmental milestone. Examination revealed mild hypertelorism and retrognathia, polydactyly of both feet with syndactyly of the big and second toes. Other findings were short broad hands, mottled pigments on the retina, moderate mental retardation, hypogenitalism, nephrotic syndrome, renal tubulopathy, hyperglycaemia and hypopigmented skin lesions. A case of BBS with all the primary features and some secondary manifestations in a very young child is hereby reported. A high index of suspicion for BBS should be shown in any young child with at least one of the features of this syndrome. This will enhance earlier diagnosis and improve disease outcome.

关键词： Bardet-Biedl Syndrome early childhood South East Nigeria Classical Presentation Case Report

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MD儿童与正常儿童早期数学认知差异的研究

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心理学 2007年第1期 74-78,92页

作者：林泳海金莉

该研究采用测验法，考察数学学习不良(MD)儿童的早期数学认知能力，包括计数、数守恒、时空概念、逻辑、计算和操作等方面。被试为城市幼儿园34名MD儿童和30名正常儿童，平均年龄约6.0岁。结果发现：学习不良儿童早期数学能力在逻辑、... 详细信息

该研究采用测验法，考察数学学习不良(MD)儿童的早期数学认知能力，包括计数、数守恒、时空概念、逻辑、计算和操作等方面。被试为城市幼儿园34名MD儿童和30名正常儿童，平均年龄约6.0岁。结果发现：学习不良儿童早期数学能力在逻辑、计算和空间保持上有缺陷，与Johnson、Ginsburg等人的研究结果一致。与以往研究有所不同的是：在计数能力上，MD儿童与正常儿童间差异不明显；在数守恒能力上，MD儿童明显低于正常儿童；空间保持缺陷表现突出，表现为书写数字时的镜像反应、图形的错误表征等。

关键词：学习不良儿童儿童早期数学认知 learning disability early childhood mathematical cognition

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美国早期儿童数据系统建设与启示

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幼儿教育导读（教育科学） 2017年第12期

作者：刘昆郭力平

20世纪末期，美国早期儿童教育的质量、公平、传统管理架构等问题共同推进了各州早期儿童数据系统的建设。宾夕法尼亚州于21世纪初期开始建设早期儿童数据系统，在改变该州早期儿童服务的管理架构的过程中，创建宾夕法尼亚州企业跨网络... 详细信息

20世纪末期，美国早期儿童教育的质量、公平、传统管理架构等问题共同推进了各州早期儿童数据系统的建设。宾夕法尼亚州于21世纪初期开始建设早期儿童数据系统，在改变该州早期儿童服务的管理架构的过程中，创建宾夕法尼亚州企业跨网络儿童信息连接中心作为早期儿童服务的数据整合平台。同时，为提升该平台的深度数据挖掘功能，建立了该州的早期儿童数据系统——早期学习网络。早期学习网络对宾州企业跨网络儿童信息连接中心的所有关于儿童、教师、机构的数据进行再次整合，并以“儿童为中心”分析儿童学习与发展的需求、早期儿童项目的质量等问题，为各层级利益相关者提供“基于数据”的科学决策支持，以不断提升该州的早期儿童服务的质量。本研究在介绍宾州基本背景与数据系统架构的前提下，着重介绍早期学习网络的实施情况及其面临挑战，以期对我国学前教育领域的数据系统建设有一定借鉴。

关键词：宾夕法尼亚州早期儿童数据系统 Pennsylvania early childhood data system

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