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Tactile and temperature sensors based on organic transistors:Towards e-skin fabrication

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Frontiers of physics 2021年第1期16卷 43-55页

作者： Miao Zhu Muhammad Umair Ali Changwei Zou Wei Xie Songquan Li Hong Meng School of Physical Science and Technology Lingnan Normal UniversityZhanjiang 524048China Department of Materials Science and engineering College of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Advanced Materials Peking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking UniversityShenzhen 518055China

Tactile and temperature sensors are the key components for e-skin *** transistors,a kind of intrinsic logic devices with diverse internal configurations,offer a wide range of options for sensor design and have played a vital role in the fabrication of e-skin-oriented tactile and temperature *** research field has attained tremendous advancements,both in terms of materials design and device architecture,thereby leading to excellent performance of resulting tactile/temperature ***,a systematic review of organic transistor-based tactile and temperature sensors is presented to summarize the latest progress in these ***,we focus on spotlighting various device structures,underlying mechanisms and their ***,an outlook for the future development of these devices is briefly *** anticipate that this review will provide a quick overview of such a rapidly emerging research direction and attract more dedicated efforts for the development of next-generation sensing devices towards e-skin fabrication.

关键词： tactile sensor temperature sensor flexible e-skin organic transistor

Robust conductive skin hydrogel e-skin constructed by top-down strategy for motion-monitoring

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Collagen and Leather 2023年第4期5卷 88-104页

作者： Jiachang Liu Xin Fan Didier Astruc Haibin Gu Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and engineering of Ministry of education Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China National engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China ISM UMR CNRS No 5255Univ.Bordeaux351 Cours de la Libération33405 Talence CedexFrance

The construction of biomass-based conductive hydrogel e-skins with high mechanical properties is the research hotspot and difficulty in the field of biomass *** collagen-based conductive hydrogels,constructed by the typical"bottom-up"strategy,normally have the incompatible problem between high mechanical property and high collagen content,and the extraction of collagen is often *** solve these problems,inspired by the high mechanical properties and high collagen content of animal skins,this work proposed a"top-down"construction strategy,in which the extraction of collagen was unnecessary and the skin collagen skeleton(SCS)with the 3D network structure woven by natural collagen fibers in goatskin was preserved and used as the basic framework of *** a four-step route,namely,pretreatment→soaking in AgNPs(silver nanoparticles)solution→soaking in the mixed solution containing HeA(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)and AlCl_(3)→polymerization,this work successfully achieved the fabrication of a new skin-based conductive hydrogel e-skin with high mechanical properties(tensile strength of 2.97 MPa,toughness of 6.23 MJ·m^(-3)and breaking elongation of 428%)by using goatskin as raw *** developed skin hydrogel(called PH@Ag)possessed a unique structure with the collagen fibers encapsulated by PHeA,and exhibited satisfactory adhesion,considerable antibacterial property,cytocompatibility,conductivity(3.06 S·m^(-1))and sensing sensitivity(the maximum gauge factor of 5.51).The PH@Ag e-skin could serve as strain sensors to accurately monitor and recognize all kinds of human motions such as swallowing,frowning,walking,and so on,and thus is anticipated to have considerable application prospect in many fields including flexible wearable electronic devices,health and motion monitoring.

关键词： Collagen skin hydrogel e-skin Top-down Strain sensor Motion-monitoring

Theoretical and experimental study of 2D conformability of stretchable electronics laminated onto skin

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2017年第9期60卷 1415-1422页

作者： DONG WenTao XIAO Lin ZHU Chen Ye Dong WANG ShuoDao HUANG YongAn YIN ZhouPing State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Flexible electronics Research Center Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China School of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 74078 USA

Smoothly attaching the stretchable epidermal electronic devices(eeDs) onto the skin surface is highly desired to improve the measurement accuracy of electrophysiological *** paper presents an analytical approach to study interfacial mechanics of the 2D planar eeDs on the checkerboard buckling patterns of human *** variation method is proposed to determine a criterion whether eeDs laminate conformally onto the skin surface under undeformed and stretched *** with low bending stiffness(thin,soft devices/backing layer),smooth and soft skin,and strong adhesion promote conformal ***,the adhesion energy at the eeD/skin interface is measured by the homemade peeling experiment platform with different substrate thicknesses and areal *** upper limit of the areal coverage for eeD conformal contact with the skin is proposed with given eeD/skin *** of eeDs are validated by experiments with different substrate thickness,areal coverage and external *** provides a design guideline for eeD to conformally contact with the skin surface for more accurate biological signal monitoring.

关键词： interfacial mechanics epidermal electronics areal coverage conformability e-skin

Research on thermal cyclization polyacrylonitrile enhanced piezoelectric performances of a flexible electronic skin sensor

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第12期67卷 3855-3866页

作者： JIA XuYing MU JiLiang WU Qiong YANG DongKuan LUO ZhongKe LIN JunFei GeNG WenPing HOU XiaoJuan He Jian CHOU XiuJian Science and Technology on electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of China Institute of Advanced energy Materials and System North University of China

electronic skin(e-skin) is a research focus in the fields of robotics design, artificial prosthetics, and wearable electronics. When used for long-term unattended monitoring, several key problems, such as energy supply, sensing performance, and structural design, have attracted increasing attention. This study reports a self-powered flexible e-skin sensor(FeS) based on the thermal cyclization of polyacrylonitrile, which enhances the piezoelectric effect. It mainly consists of nanoscale polyacrylonitrile(PAN),ecoflex, and flexible PCB electrodes. PAN is mixed as a piezoelectric functional material in the ecoflex substrate, forming a flexible sensing module. To enhance charge accumulation, PAN is initially electrospun into nanofibers and subsequently modified through a thermal treatment process. This procedure results in the formation of a conjugated trapezoid structure within PAN and significantly increases its molecular dipole moment. Due to the contribution of numerous nanocapacitors, the piezoelectric properties of the sensing module are significantly improved. To ensure durability, flexible PCBs were designed as the top and bottom electrodes of the sensing module via industrial board lamination and forming processes, also serving as packaging. Additionally, a human-computer interaction(HMI) system for e-skin measurement was developed, enabling realtime signal processing between the e-skin and the computer. On the basis of the good combination of piezoelectric nanoparticles,an ecoflex substrate, and flexible PCBs, FeS can reach 0.67 V/kPa and 0.99 voltage sensitivity and voltage linearity, respectively, under self-powered conditions under external pressure, and the detection range can reach 40–650 kPa. On the basis of the good performance of FeS devices, such as their self-powered ability, long-term serviceability, high sensitivity, wide monitoring range, and various optimized designs for later circuits, the e-skin designed in this paper has important applications

关键词： e-skin PAN wearable sensors electrospinning piezoelectric HMI

Recent advances and future prospects in tactile sensors for normal and shear force detection,decoupling,and applications

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第12期45卷 17-31页

作者： Jinrong Huang Yuchen Guo Yongchang Jiang Feiyu Wang Lijia Pan Yi Shi Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures School of Electronic Science and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Human skin,through its complex mechanoreceptor system,possesses the exceptional ability to finely perceive and dif-ferentiate multimodal mechanical stimuli,forming the biological foundation for dexterous manipulation,environmental explo-ration,and tactile *** sensors that emulate this sensory capability,particularly in the detection,decoupling,and application of normal and shear forces,have made significant strides in recent *** review comprehensively examines the latest research advancements in tactile sensors for normal and shear force sensing,delving into the design and decoupling methods of multi-unit structures,multilayer encapsulation structures,and bionic *** analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various sensing principles,including piezoresistive,capacitive,and self-powered mechanisms,and evalu-ates their application potential in health monitoring,robotics,wearable devices,smart prosthetics,and human-machine *** systematically summarizing current research progress and technical challenges,this review aims to provide forward-looking insights into future research directions,driving the development of electronic skin technology to ultimately achieve tactile perception capabilities comparable to human skin.

关键词： tactile sensors shear force force decoupling e-skin

Recent advances of wearable and flexible piezoresistivity pressure sensor devices and its future prospects

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Journal of Materiomics 2020年第1期6卷 86-101页

作者： Jiang He Yufei Zhang Runhui Zhou Lirong Meng Tao Chen Wenjie Mai Caofeng Pan CAS Center for excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083China Siyuan Laboratory Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy MaterialsDepartment of PhysicsJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510632China School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Center on Nanoenergy Research School of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanningGuangxi530004China Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective TechnologiesNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo315201China

The human skin inspired soft electronic devices have attracted broadly research attention in the past decades as the promising potential applications in health monitoring and diagnosis,robotics,and *** soft wearable piezoresistivity pressure sensor is one of the most attractive candidates for the development of advanced electronic skin for its simple mechanism,compact structure,low cost and power energy consumption and ease of signal acquisition and transforms *** this review,we will explore the recent progress and achievements in the field of piezoresistivity pressure sensor,focusing on the fundamentals of the piezoresistivity pressure sensor and the materials related to the devices,including active materials,substrate materials,and electrode ***,the challenges and outlook are *** list several current challenges perspectives on the development of pressure *** critical topics for the optimization of the sensitivity and working range of sensing devices toward practical applications are ***,perspectives on the slip and force vectors sensors,the developing technologies for multi-function and high-resolution sensor systems and signals process technologies are examined to highlight the near future development tendency in piezoresistivity pressure sensor research field.

关键词： Wearable device Flexible electronic Piezoresistivity sensor e-skin Health monitoring

Facile preparation and high performance of wearable strain sensors based on ionically cross-linked composite hydrogels

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Science China Materials 2021年第4期64卷 942-952页

作者： Jiahui Bai Ran Wang Mingxi Ju Jingxin Zhou Lexin Zhang Tifeng Jiao State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China

Flexible sensors that can respond to multiple mechanical excitation modes and have high sensitivity are of great significance in the fields of electronic skin and health *** multiple signal responses to skin such as strain and temperature remains an important ***,new multifunctional ion-crosslinked hydrogels with toughness and conductivity were designed and prepared in this work.A chemical gel with high mechanical strength was prepared by cross-linking acrylamide with N,N’-methylenebisacrylamide and ammonium *** addition,in order to enhance the conductive properties of the hydrogel,Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)and Al^(3+)ions were added to the hydrogel during *** double-layer network makes this ionic hydrogel show excellent mechanical ***,the composite hydrogel containing Ca^(2+)can reach a maximum stretch of 1100%and exhibits ultra-high sensitivity(Sp=10.690 MPa^(-1)).The obtained hydrogels can successfully prepare wearable strain sensors,as well as track and monitor human *** present prepared multifunctional hydrogels are expected to be further expanded to intelligent health sensor materials.

关键词： hydrogel ionic cross-linking strain sensor e-skin

Flexible and transparent capacitive pressure sensor with patterned microstructured composite rubber dielectric for wearable touch keyboard application

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Science China Materials 2018年第12期61卷 1587-1595页

作者： Ruilong Shi Zheng Lou Shuai Chen Guozhen Shen State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institution of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Materials Science and Opto-electronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The development of pressure sensors with highly sensitivity, fast response and facile fabrication technique is desirable for wearable electronics. Here, we successfully fabricated a flexible transparent capacitive pressure sensor based on patterned microstructured silver nanowires(AgNWs)/polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) composite dielectrics. Compared with the pure PDMS dielectric layer with planar structures, the patterned microstructured sensor exhibits a higher sensitivity(0.831 kPa^-1, er detection limit,good stability and durability. The enhanced sensing mechanism about the conductive filler content and the patterned microstructures has also been discussed. A 5×5 sensor array was then fabricated to be used as flexible and transparent wearable touch keyboards systems. The fabricated pressure sensor has great potential in the future electronic skin area.

关键词： silver nanowires capacitive pressure sensor flexible transparent wearable electronics e-skin

非平衡压缩实现高灵敏度、线性响应协同的离电压力传感器

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Science Bulletin 2024年第14期69卷 2221-2230页

作者：杨静李志斌伍莹沈勇张明陈彬袁国江肖松华冯建松张旭唐毓蔚丁孙安陈晓龙王太宏 Department of electrical and electronic engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Microelectronics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of education Engineering Research Center of Advanced Semiconductor Technology and Application of Ministry of EducationChangsha Semiconductor Technology and Application Innovation Research InstituteCollege of Semiconductors(College of Integrated Circuits)Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China School of environmental and Chemical engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China School of Integrated Circuits Nanjing UniversitySuzhou 215163China

Flexible pressure sensors with high sensitivity and linearity are highly desirable for robot sensing and human physiological signal ***,the current strategies for stabilizing axial microstructures(e.g.,micro-pyramids)are mainly susceptible to structural stiffening during compression,thereby limiting the realization of high sensitivity and ***,we report a bending-induced nonequilibrium compression process that effectively enhances the compressibility of microstructures,thereby crucially improving the efficiency of interfacial area growth of electric double layer(eDL).Based on this principle,we fabricate an iontronic flexible pressure sensor with vertical graphene(VG)array ***-high sensitivity(185.09 kPa^(-1))and linearity(R^(2)=0.9999)are realized over a wide pressure range(0.49 Pa–66.67 k Pa).It also exhibits remarkable mechanical stability during compression and *** sensor is successfully employed in a robotic gripping task to recognize the targets of different materials and shapes based on a multilayer perception(MLP)neural *** opens the door to realizing haptic sensing capabilities for robotic hands and prosthetic limbs.

关键词： Artificial mechanoreceptor Pressure sensor Vertical grapheme Ionic nanofiber Object recognition e-skin