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Phenotypic characterization and genetic mapping of the dwarf mutant m34 in maize

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第5期18卷 948-957页

作者： LI Jie-ping Soomro Ayaz Ali XIAO Gui CHEN Fan-jun YUAN Li-xing GU Ri-liang Lab of Plant-Soil Interaction Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Plant Nutrition College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Center for Seed Science and Technology College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University

Plant height is one of the most important agronomic traits associated with yield in maize.In this study,a gibberellins(GA)-insensitive dwarf mutant,m34,was screened from inbred line Ye478 by treatment with the chemical mutagen ethylmethanesulfonate(EMS).Compared to Ye478,m34 showed a dwarf phenotype with shorter internodes,and smaller leaf length and width,but with similar leaf number.Furthermore,m34 exhibited smaller guard cells in internodes than Ye478,suggesting that smaller cells might contribute to its dwarf phenotype.Genetic analysis indicated that the m34 dwarf phenotype was controlled by a recessive nuclear gene.An F2 population derived from a cross between m34 and B73 was used for mutational gene cloning and this gene was mapped to a chromosome region between umc2189 and umc1553 in chromosome 1 bin1.10,which harbored a previously identified dwarf gene Zm VP8.Sequencing analysis showed a nucleotide substitution(G1606 to A1606)in the sixth exon of ZmVP8,which resulted in an amino acid change(E531 to K531)from Ye478 to m34.This amino acid change resulted in anα-helix changing to aβ-sheet in the secondary protein structure and the‘SPEC’domain changed to a‘BOT1NT’domain in the tertiary protein structure.Taken together,these results suggested that m34 is a novel allelic mutant originally derived from Ye478 that is useful for further ZmVP8 functional analysis in maize.

关键词： dwarf plant height GA application ZmVP8 maize

Females choose gentle, but not healthy or macho males in Campbell dwarf hamsters （Phodopus campbelli Thomas 1905）

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Current Zoology 2017年第5期63卷 545-554页

作者： Konstantin A. ROGOVIN Anastasiya M. KHRUSHCHOVA Olga N. SHEKAROVA Nina A. VASlLIEVA Nina Yu VASILIEVA A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and EvoLution RAS Leninskii prospect 33 Moscow 119071 Russia

Androgen-dependent male sexual traits （STs） as well as immunocompetence are theoreticallyassumed to be key indicators of a male＇s quality for the mate-choosing female. We studied matechoice by sexually motivated （SM） females of Campbell＇s dwarf hamsters. Females chose between2 tethered male siblings that differed in expression of STs. Males were unrelated to the female andable to contact and copulate with her. In both males, we measured sex-related morphology ofbody mass, mid-ventral specific skin gland, ano-genital distance, and external testicular diameter.We also estimated levels of blood testosterone and cortisol, specific T- and B-cell immune re-sponses to antigens, as well as aggressive and sexual dominance in sibling males through add-itional encounter experiments with another SM female （male sibs could freely compete for thefemale）. We found that SM females chose a partner among 2 male sibs and spent over 80% of theirtime on average with the preferred male compared with the non-preferred one. Her choice was notassociated with the first visit of the chosen male, with a higher expression of sex-related traits,higher levels of blood testosterone, or with aggressive dominance. The choice was not associatedwith the intensity of T-cell immune response to phitohemagglutinin （PHA）. Instead there was a ten-dency for a negative relationship with the expression of STs and B-cell response to the antigenchallenge. The only character that unambiguously influenced female choice was the non-aggressive male to female grooming during sexual contact. There was no difference in breedingsuccess between preferred and non-preferred males paired with virgin females.

关键词： Campbell's dwarf hamsters, female mate choice, immunocompetence handicap, male-male aggression, sexual traits,testosterone.

Dark Matter Search in dwarf Irregular Galaxies with Ten Years of Data from the Ice Cube Neutrino Observatory

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 75-82页

作者： Yi-Fei Lü Ben-Yang Zhu Rong-Lan Li Xue-Kang Guo Tian-Ci Liu Yong-Bo Huang Yun-Feng Liang Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic AstrophysicsSchool of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi University Nanning 530004China

dwarf irregular galaxies(dIrrs),as rotationally supported systems,have more reliable J-factor measurements than dwarf spheroidal galaxies and have received attention as targets for dark matter detection in recent years.In this paper,we use 10 yr of IceCube muon-track data and an unbinned maximum-likelihood-ratio method to search for neutrino signals beyond the background from the directions of seven dIrrs,aiming to detect neutrinos produced by heavy annihilation dark matter.We do not detect any significant signal.Based on such null results,we calculate the upper limits on the velocity-averaged annihilation cross section for 1 TeV–10 PeV dark matter.Our limits,although weaker than the strictest constraints in the literature in this mass range,are also a good complement to the existing results considering the more reliable J-factor measurements of dIrrs.

关键词： (cosmology) dark matter-cosmology theory-galaxies dwarf

A 2-bp frameshift deletion at GhDR,which encodes a B-BOX protein that co-segregates with the dwarf-red phenotype in Gossypium hirsutum L.

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农业科学学报:英文版 2023年第7期22卷 2000-2014页

作者： WANG Xue-feng SHAO Dong-nan LIANG Qian FENG Xiao-kang ZHU Qian-hao YANG Yong-lin LIU Feng ZHANG Xin-yu LI Yan-jun SUN Jie XUE Fei Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture College of AgricultureShihezi UniversityShihezi 832000P.R.China CSIRO Agriculture and Food CanberraACT 2601Australia Cotton Research Institute Shihezi Academy of Agriculture SciencesShihezi 832000P.R.China

Plant architecture and leaf color are important factors influencing cotton fiber yield.In this study,based on genetic analysis,stem paraffin sectioning,and phytohormone treatments,we showed that the dwarf-red(DR)cotton mutant is a gibberellin-sensitive mutant caused by a mutation in a single dominant locus,designated GhDR.Using bulked segregant analysis(BSA)and genotyping by target sequencing(GBTS)approaches,we located the causative mutation to a~197-kb genetic interval on chromosome A09 containing 25 annotated genes.Based on gene annotation and expression changes between the mutant and normal plants,GH_A09G2280 was considered to be the best candidate gene responsible for the dwarf and red mutant phenotypes.A 2-nucleotide deletion was found in the coding region of GhDR/GH_A09G2280 in the DR mutant,which caused a frameshift and truncation of GhDR.GhDR is a homolog of Arabidopsis AtBBX24,and encodes a B-box zinc finger protein.The frameshift deletion eliminated the C-terminal nuclear localization domain and the VP domain of GhDR,and altered its subcellular localization.A comparative transcriptome analysis demonstrated downregulation of the key genes involved in gibberellin biosynthesis and the signaling transduction network,as well as upregulation of the genes related to gibberellin degradation and the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway in the DR mutant.The results of this study revealed the potential molecular basis by which plant architecture and anthocyanin accumulation are regulated in cotton.

关键词： cotton BBX dwarf anthocyanin gibberellin

Erratum to:Compact object candidates with K/M-dwarf companions from LAMOST low-resolution survey[Sci.China-Phys.Mech.Astron.65,229711(2022)]

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第10期65卷 157-158页

作者： Hui-Jun Mu Wei-Min Gu Tuan Yi Ling-Lin Zheng Hao Sou Zhong-Rui Bai Hao-Tong Zhang Ya-Juan Lei Cheng-Ming Li International Laboratory for Quantum Functional Materials of Henan and School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Department of Astronomy Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China CAS Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Department of AstronomyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China

The paper“Compact object candidates with K/M-dwarf com-panions from LAMOST low-resolution survey”[1]was pub-lished in SCIENCE CHINA Physics,Mechanics&Astronomy(65,229711(2022).doi:10.1007/s11433-021-1809-8).Due to an oversight on our part,some errors were made in the originally published paper.We apologize for these errors and offer the corresponding explanations and corrections for the readers.

关键词： Compact dwarf survey

竹类植物dwarf 14(D14)基因的多态性分析

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核农学报 2018年第1期32卷 48-57页

作者：龚莺陈虹君许在恩郭小勤浙江农林大学亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室/浙江省竹资源与高效利用协同中心浙江杭州311300

独脚金内酯(SL)是一种新型的植物激素,可调控植物分枝。dwarf14(D14)蛋白可作为该激素受体,也可以在该激素信号传导过程中起一定作用。为研究D14基因与竹类植物地下茎类型的相关性,通过基因克隆和生物信息学手段,分析具有不同地下茎类型... 详细信息

独脚金内酯(SL)是一种新型的植物激素,可调控植物分枝。dwarf14(D14)蛋白可作为该激素受体,也可以在该激素信号传导过程中起一定作用。为研究D14基因与竹类植物地下茎类型的相关性,通过基因克隆和生物信息学手段,分析具有不同地下茎类型(散生型、丛生型和混生型)的17种竹种材料中该基因序列变异。结果表明,各竹种中D14基因均含有2个外显子和1个内含子,序列间同源性为92.57%,c DNA序列的同源性为98.97%,氨基酸序列的同源性为98.61%。所编码的蛋白序列均含催化中心的保守氨基酸(Ser147、Asp268和His297)及包裹SL裂解物的氨基酸残基(Phe186、Val194、Trp205、Tyr209、Phe245和Ser270)。DNA序列富含单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点,SNP的频率为1SNP/22 bp,多样性指数πCDS为0.01476。其中,7个SNP位点能将丛生竹与其他2个类型的竹区分开来。基于D14基因的基因组序列所构建的系统进化树基本能反映供试材料的地下茎类型,该研究有助于了解竹类植物不同地下茎类型的分子差异,为提高竹笋产量提供了理论依据。

关键词：竹类植物独脚金内酯 dwarf 14(D14) 基因多态性地下茎类型

Activation of gibberellin 2-oxidase 6 decreases active gibberellin levels and creates a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2010年第1期37卷 23-36页

作者： Jian Huang Ding Tang Yi Shen Baoxiang Qin Lilan Hong Aiqing You Ming Li Xin Wang Hengxiu Yu Minghong Gu Zhukuan Cheng State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China School of Basic Medicine & Biological Sciences Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Food Crop Research Institute Hubei Academy of Agricultural ScienceWuhan 430064China

Gibberellin （GA） 2-oxidase plays a key role in the GA catabolic pathway through 2β-hydroxylation.In the present study,we isolated a CaMV 35S-enhancer activation tagged mutant,H032.This mutant exhibited a dominant dwarf and GA-deficient phenotype,with a final stature that was less than half of its wild-type counterpart.The endogenous bioactive GAs are markedly decreased in the H032 mutant,and application of bioactive GAs （GA3 or GA4） can reverse the dwarf phenotype.The integrated T-DNA was detected 12.8 kb upstream of the OsGA2ox6 in the H032 genome by TAIL-PCR.An increased level of OsGA2ox6 mRNA was detected at a high level in the H032 mutant,which might be due to the enhancer role of the CaMV 35S promoter.RNAi and ectopic expression analysis of OsGA2ox6 indicated that the dwarf trait and the decreased levels of bioactive GAs in the H032 mutant were a result of the up-regulation of the OsGA2ox6 gene.BLASTP analysis revealed that OsGA2ox6 belongs to the class III of GA 2-oxidases,which is a novel type of GA2ox that uses C20-GAs （GA12 and/or GA53） as the substrates.Interestingly,we found that a GA biosynthesis inhibitor,paclobutrazol,positively regulated the OsGA2ox6 gene.Unlike the over-expression of OsGA2ox1,which led to a high rate of seed abortion,the H032 mutant retained normal flowering and seed production.These results indicate that OsGA2ox6 mainly affects plant stature,and the dominant dwarf trait of the H032 mutant can be used as an efficient dwarf resource in rice breeding.

关键词： GA 2-oxidase gibberellin biosynthesis dwarf rice

Characterization of a novel high-tillering dwarf 3 mutant in rice

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2011年第9期38卷 411-418页

作者： Bosen Zhang Feng Tian Lubin Tan Daoxin Xie Chuanqing Sun School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice) Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization of Ministry of Education Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China

Tiller number and culm length are important components of plant architecture and determinate grain production in rice.A line SIL046, derived from an introgression lines population developed by an accession of common wild rice（Oryza rufipogon Griff.） and a high-yielding indica cultivar Guichao 2（Oryza sativa L.）,exhibits a higher tiller number and shorter culm length phenotype than the recipient parent Guichao 2（GC2）.Genetic analysis showed that the high-tillering dwarf phenotype was controlled by a novel single recessive gene,referred to as the high-tillering dwarf 3（htd3）,which located within the genetic distance of 13.4 cM between SSR makers RM7003 and RM277 on chromosome 12.By means of fine-mapping strategy,we mapped HTD3 gene within the genetic distance of 2.5 cM and the physical distance of 3100 kb in the centromere of chromosome 12.Further identification of HTD3 gene would provide a new opportunity to uncover the molecular mechanism of the development of culm and tiller,two important components of yields in rice.

关键词： Rice High-tillering dwarf Mapping

A point mutation resulting in a 13 bp deletion in the coding sequence of Cldf leads to a GA-deficient dwarf phenotype in watermelon

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 121-132页

作者： Chunhua Wei Chunyu Zhu Liping Yang Wei Zhao Rongxue Ma Hao Li Yong Zhang Jianxiang Ma Jianqiang Yang Xian Zhang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

The dwarf architecture is an important and valuable agronomic trait in watermelon breeding and has the potential to increase fruit yield and reduce labor cost in crop cultivation.However,the molecular basis for dwarfism in watermelon remains largely unknown.In this study,a recessive dwarf allele(designated as Cldf(Citrullus lanatus dwarfism))was fine mapped in a 32.88 kb region on chromosome 09 using F2 segregation populations derived from reciprocal crossing of a normal line M08 and a dwarf line N21.Gene annotation of the corresponding region revealed that the Cla015407 gene encoding a gibberellin 3β-hydroxylase functions as the best possible candidate gene for Cldf.Sequence analysis showed that the fourth polymorphism site(a G to A point mutation)at the 3′AG splice receptor site of the intron leads to a 13 bp deletion in the coding sequence of Cldf in dwarf line N21 and thus results in a truncated protein lacking the conserved domain for binding 2-oxoglutarate.In addition,the dwarf phenotype of Cldf could be rescued by exogenous GA3 application.Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the small multigene family GA3ox(GA3 oxidase)in cucurbit species may originate from three ancient lineages in Cucurbitaceae.All these data support the conclusion that Cldf is a GA-deficient mutant,which together with the cosegregated marker can be used for breeding new dwarf cultivars.

关键词： dwarf breeding cultivar