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drug treatment of functional dyspepsia

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第17期12卷 2694-2700页

作者： Klaus Mnkemüller Peter Malfertheiner Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectious Diseases Otto-von-Guericke Medical SchoolUniversity of MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany

Symptomatic improvement of patients with functional dyspepsia after drug therapy is often incomplete and obtained in not more than 60% of patients. This is likely because functional dyspepsia is a heterogeneous disease. Although great advance has been achieved with the consensus definitions of the Rome I and II criteria, there are still some aspects about the definition of functional dyspepsia that require clarification. The Rome criteria explicitly recognise that epigastric pain or discomfort must be the predominant complaint in patients labelled as suffering from functional dyspepsia. However, this strict definition can create problems in the daily primary care clinical practice, where the patient with functional dyspepsia presents with multiple symptoms. Before starting drug therapy it is recommended to provide the patient with an explanation of the disease process and reassurance. A thorough physical examination and judicious use of laboratory data and endoscopy are also indicated. In general, the approach to treat patients with functional dyspepsia based on their main symptom is practical and effective. Generally, patients should be treated with acid suppressive therapy using proton-pump inhibitors if the predominant symptoms are epigastric pain or gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. Although the role of Helicobacter pylori （H pylon） in functional dyspepsia continues to be a matter of debate, recent data indicate that there is modest but clear benefit of eradication of H pylori in patients with functional dyspepsia. In addition, H pylori is a gastric carcinogen and if found it should be eliminated. Although there are no specific diets for patients with FD, it may be helpful to guide the patients on healthy exercise and eating habits.

关键词： Functional dyspepsia drug treatment Helicobacterpylori Predominant symptoms

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drug treatment of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage following aneurysms

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2016年第2期2卷 -页

作者： Yongfei Liu HanCheng Qiu Juan Su WeiJian Jiang The New Era Stroke Care and Research Institute The Second Artil ery General Hospital PLA Beijing 100088 China

Cerebral vasospasm (CVS) is a common and severe complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Despite the improvement in treatment of aSAH, CVS complicating aSAH has remained the main cause of death. CVS begins most often on the third day after the ictal event and reaches the maximum on the 5th–7th postictal days. Several therapeutic modalities have been employed to prevent or reverse CVS. The aim of this review is to summate all the available drug treatment modalities for vasospasm.

关键词： Cerebral vasospasm Subarachnoid hemorrhage Aneurysms drug treatment

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Knowledge about the Management of Anti-Epileptic drug treatment among General Practitioners in Brazzaville, Congo

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2023年第2期14卷 9-28页

作者： Josué Euberma Diatewa Inès Frédérique Nsondé-Mondzié Dinah Happhia Boubayi Motoula-Latou Eliot Prince Galiéni Sounga-Banzouzi Yacouba Kaba Ghislain Armel Mpandzou Paul Macaire Ossou-Nguiet Neurology Department University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Neurology Department Loandjili General Hospital Pointe Noire Republic of the Congo

Background: Epilepsy is a chronic brain disorder. It often leads to disabilities and handicaps. In Africa, epilepsy is almost exclusively treated by general practitioners (GPs) because of a shortage of epilepsy specialists. It is therefore important to know the level of knowledge about epilepsy among GPs in order to improve their skills. Objectives: To assess the level of knowledge about the management of anti-epileptic drug treatment among GPs in Brazzaville;to investigate the relationship between demographic factors and GPs’ knowledge. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study. It was conducted from 20 July to 1 September 2021. It focused on GPs working in public hospitals and private care centers in Brazzaville. Information on treatment aspects was collected through a standardized 11-item questionnaire. Results: Among the 137 participants, there were 84 (61.3%) men and 53 (38.7%) women. Of these participants, 36 (26.3%) were trained in Congo versus 101 (73.7%) in other countries. Only 21 (15.3%) GPs had good knowledge about the management of anti-epileptic drug treatment. The overall average knowledge score among GPs was low (31.4%). No significant associations were found between low and good levels of knowledge and gender (OR = 1.03;95% CI = 0.40 - 2.68;p = 1.000), age groups (OR 0.05), training country (OR = 0.62;95% CI = 0.19 - 1.98;p = 0.591), practice hospital (OR = 0.40;95% CI = 0.05 - 3.20;p = 0.695) and duration of professional experience (OR 0.05). Conclusion: The study population has insufficient knowledge about the management of anti-epileptic drug treatment. Demographic factors have no impact on GPs’ knowledge. Epilepsy education programs are needed to improve GPs’ knowledge and skills.

关键词： Epilepsy drug treatment General Practitioners Knowledge Brazzaville

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Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of epilepsy: electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy and new technologies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 917-935页

作者： Dian Jiao Lai Xu Zhen Gu Hua Yan Dingding Shen Xiaosong Gu Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina Key Laboratory of Advanced drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University NantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

Epilepsy is a severe,relapsing,and multifactorial neurological *** regarding the accurate diagnosis,prognosis,and in-depth pathogenesis are crucial for the precise and effective treatment of *** pathogenesis of epilepsy is complex and involves alterations in variables such as gene expression,protein expression,ion channel activity,energy metabolites,and gut microbiota *** results are lacking for conventional treatments for *** resection of lesions,drug therapy,and non-drug interventions are mainly used in clinical practice to treat pain associated with ***-pharmacological treatments,such as a ketogenic diet,gene therapy for nerve regeneration,and neural regulation,are currently areas of research *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis,diagnostic methods,and treatments of *** also elaborates on the theoretical basis,treatment modes,and effects of invasive nerve stimulation in neurotherapy,including percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation,deep brain electrical stimulation,repetitive nerve electrical stimulation,in addition to non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current *** studies have shown that electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy can markedly improve neurological function and reduce the frequency of epileptic ***,many new technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy are being ***,current research is mainly focused on analyzing patients’clinical manifestations and exploring relevant diagnostic and treatment methods to study the pathogenesis at a molecular level,which has led to a lack of consensus regarding the mechanisms related to the disease.

关键词： diagnosis drug treatment electroencephalography epilepsy monitoring epilepsy nerve regeneration neurostimulation non-drug interventions pathogenesis prediction

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Comprehensive bibliometric analysis of pharmacotherapy for bipolar disorders:Present trends and future directions

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2025年第1期15卷 153-167页

作者： Bo-Fan Chen Li Liu Fang-Zhen Lin Hai-Min Zeng Hai-Qiang Huang Chun-Fang Zhang Cong-Cong Liu Xiang Chen Jie Peng Yun-Fa Wang Zhi-Lin Wang Bin Chen De-Le Liu Yun Liu Zheng-Zheng Li Xin-Xing Zeng The Second Affiliated Hospital Jiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina The Second Clinical Medical College Jiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Second Affiliated HospitalJiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Psychiatry Jiangxi Mental HospitalHospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang UniversityNanchang 330029Jiangxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder(BD)is a severe mental illness characterized by significant mood *** drug treatment modalities are crucial for managing *** To analyze the current status and future trends of global research on BD drug treatment over the last *** The Web of Science Core Collection database spanning from 2015 to 2024 was utilized to retrieve literature related to BD drug treatment.A total of 2624 articles were *** visualization and analysis were conducted using CiteSpace,VOSviewer,Pajek,Scimago Graphica,and R-studio bibliometrix to identify RESULTS The United States,China,and the United Kingdom have made the most significant contributions to research on BD drug treatment and formed notable research collaboration *** University of Pittsburgh,Massachusetts General Hospital,and the University of Michigan have been identified as the major research institutions in this *** Journal of Affective Disorders is the most influential journal.A keyword analysis revealed research hotspots related to clinical symptoms,drug efficacy,and genetic mechanisms.A citation analysis identified the management guidelines published by Yatham et al in 2018 as the most cited *** This study provides a detailed overview of the field of BD drug treatment,highlighting key contributors,research hotspots,and future *** study findings can be employed as a reference for future research and policymaking,which may enable further development and optimization of BD pharmacotherapy.

关键词： Bipolar disorder drug treatment Bibliometric analysis Visualization Mental disorder

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Current status of drug therapy for chronic hepatitis B

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第2期31卷 1-12页

作者： Chuang Jiang Zhi-Hong Zhang Jia-Xin Li Division of Liver Surgery Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgeryand State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of General Surgery Dafang County People's HospitalBijie 551600Guizhou ProvinceChina

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Meng et *** hepatitis B(CHB)is a significant global health problem,particularly in developing *** B virus(HBV)infection is one of the most important risk factors for cirrhosis and hepatocellular *** and treatment of HBV are key measures to reduce *** present,drug therapy can effectively control virus replication and slow disease progression,but completely eliminating the virus remains a ***-HBV treatment is a long-term process,and there are many kinds of antiviral drugs with different mechanisms of action,it is essential to evaluate the safety and efficacy of these drugs to reduce side effects and improve patients’*** will summarize the current status of CHB drug treatment,hoping to provide a reference for the selection of clinical antiviral drugs.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Hepatitis B virus Anti virus drug treatment Therapy

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Macrophage senescence in health and diseases

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1508-1524页

作者： Longling Wang Wenxiang Hong Hong Zhu Qiaojun He Bo Yang Jiajia Wang Qinjie Weng Center for drug Safety Evaluation and Research Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug ResearchCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Nanhu Brain-Computer Interface Institute Hangzhou 311100China Taizhou Institute of Zhejiang University Taizhou 318000China The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009China

Macrophage senescence,manifested by the special form of durable cell cycle arrest and chronic low-grade inflammation like senescence-associated secretory phenotype,has long been consid-ered *** senescence of macrophages may lead to maladaptation,immune dysfunction,and finally the development of age-related diseases,infections,autoimmune diseases,and ***,it is a ubiquitous,multi-factorial,and dynamic complex phenomenon that also plays roles in remodeled processes,including wound repair and *** this review,we summarize some general molecular changes and several specific biomarkers during macrophage senescence,which may bring new sight to recognize senescent macrophages in different ***,we take an in-depth look at the functional changes in senescent macrophages,including metabolism,autophagy,polarization,phagocytosis,antigen presentation,and infiltration or ***,some degenerations and diseases associated with senescent macrophages as well as the mechanisms or relevant genetic regulations of senescent macrophages are integrated,not only emphasizing the possibility of regulating macrophage senescence to benefit age-associated diseases but also has an implication on the finding of potential tar-gets ordrugs clinically.

关键词： Macrophages Senescence Molecular changes Functional alterations Aging tissues Age-associated diseases drug treatment Genetic regulation

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Learning from berberine: Treating chronic diseases through multiple targets

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第9期58卷 854-859页

作者： YAO Jing KONG WeiJia JIANG JianDong Cancer Center Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

Although advances have been made, chemotherapy for chronic, multifactorial diseases such as cancers, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes is far from satisfactory. Agents with different mechanisms of action are required. The botanic compound berberine(BBR) has been used as an over-the-counter antibacterial for diarrhea in China for many decades. Recent clinical studies have shown that BBR may be therapeutic in various types of chronic diseases. This review addresses BBR's molecular mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy and safety in patients with type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, heart diseases, cancers and inflammation. One of the advantages of BBR is its multiple-target effects in each of these diseases. The therapeutic efficacy of BBR may reflect a synergistic regulation of these targets, resulting in a comprehensive effect against these various chronic disorders. The safety of BBR may be due to its harmonious distribution into those targets. Although the single-target concept is still the principle for drug discovery and research, this review emphasizes the concept of a multiple target strategy, which may be an important approach toward the successful treatment of multifactorial chronic diseases.

关键词： chronic multifactorial diseases drug treatment berberine multiple-target

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treatment of epilepsy in China Formal or informal?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第35期8卷 3316-3324页

作者： Jianming Liu Zhiliang Liu Tao Chen Ruxiang Xu Bayi Brain Hospital Affiliated to General Hospital of Beijing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA Laser Institute of Engineering Beijing University of Technology

Antiepileptic drugs are the preferred treatment approach for epileptic patients. However, informal treatment is important for intractable epilepsy. In this study, 500 epileptic patients were recruited from the General Hospital of Beijing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA during the period of October 2009 to January 2012. These involved patients that had been medically treated for at least 1 year. Information on the initial treatment and changes to treatment regimens for each patient was collected through questionnaires. The survey results showed that 52.3% of the epileptic patients searched for treatment after the first seizure, and the mean numbers of seizures was 12.8; 59.8% of the epileptic patients were diagnosed at the first visit, and the mean onset time was 17 months after the first seizure. After diagnosis, patients were treated for an average of 20 days, and the median time was 1 day. Formal anti-epileptic drugs were selected as the first treatment regimen by 67.8% of patients, and 77.5% of these drugs were monotherapies. The mean and median numbers of seizure were respectively 36.9 and 3.0 times before the first regimen was changed. The regimen was changed within the first 6 months by 46.6% of patients, and after the first and second years of treatment, the proportions increased to 54.0% and 71.8%, respectively. In total, 78.5% of the regi- mens were changed to informal treatments. The informal treatment of epilepsy in China is common, being initiated by either patients or physicians. Enhancing epileptic treatment services in hospital, improving physicians＇ professional quality, and strengthening health propaganda may promote the normalization of drug treatment of epilepsy in China.

关键词： neural regeneration epilepsy intractable epilepsy drug treatment survey normalization treatmentregimen nervous system diseases cross-sectional survey retrospective study grants-supportedpaper neuroregeneration

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Diagnosis and treatment of heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第1期12卷 7-25页

作者： Robert J Henning College of Public Health University of South Florida

Nearly six million people in United States have heart *** percent of these people have normal left ventricular(LV)systolic heart function but abnormal diastolic function due to increased LV myocardial *** commonly,these patients are elderly women with hypertension,ischemic heart disease,atrial fibrillation,obesity,diabetes mellitus,renal disease,or obstructive lung *** annual mortality rate of these patients is 8%-12%per *** diagnosis is based on the history,physical examination,laboratory data,echocardiography,and,when necessary,by cardiac *** with obesity,hypertension,atrial fibrillation,and volume overload require weight reduction,an exercise program,aggressive control of blood pressure and heart rate,and *** devices inserted into patients for pulmonary artery pressure monitoring provide early warning of increased pulmonary pressure and *** significant coronary heart disease is present,coronary revascularization should be considered.

关键词： Diastolic heart failure Myocardial stiffness Incomplete left ventricular relaxation Echocardiographic heart failure criteria Pulmonary artery pressure monitoring drug treatment

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