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Polar WRF *** and evaluation for the Antarctic and Southern Ocean

Frontiers of Earth Science 2022年第4期16卷 1005-1024页

作者： Jianjun XUE Ziniu XIAO David H.BROMWICH Lesheng BAI State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Polar Meteorology Group Byrd Polar and Climate Research CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbus OH 43210USA China Meteorological Administration Training Centre Beijing 100081China

A recent version of the Polar Weather Research and Forecasting model(Polar WRF)has been upgraded to the version 4.X era with an improved NoahMP Land Surface Model(LSM).To assess the model performance over the Antarctic and Southern Ocean,downscaling simulations with different LSM(NoahMP,Noah),WRF versions(Polar WRF 4.1.1 and earlier version 4.0.3,WRF 4.1.1),and driving data(ERA-Interim,ERA5)are examined with two simulation modes:the short-term that consists of a series of 48 h segments initialized daily at 0000 UTC with the first 24 h selected for model spin-up,whereas the long-term component used to evaluate long-term prediction consists of a series of 38-41 day segments initialized using the first 10 days for spin-up of the hydrological cycle and planetary boundary layer *** using short-term mode driven by ERA-Interim with NoahMP and Noah are selected for benchmark *** results show that Polar WRF 4.1.1 has good skills over the Antarctic and Southern Ocean and better performance than earlier *** reduced downward shortwave radiation bias released with WRF 4.1.1 performed well with *** NoahMP and Noah led to very similar conclusions,NoahMP is slightly better than Noah,particularly for the 2 m temperature and surface radiation because the minimum albedo is set at 0.8 over the ice ***,a suitable nudging setting plays an important role in long-term forecasts,such as reducing the surface temperature diurnal cycle near the *** characteristics investigated in this study provide a benchmark to improve the model and guidance for further application of Polar WRF in the Antarctic.

关键词： Polar WRF downscaling simulation performance evaluation the Antarctic and Southern Ocean

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