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Syngas cleaning with nano-structured micro-porous ion exchange polymers in biomass gasification using a novel downdraft gasifier

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2013年第3期22卷 426-435页

作者： Galip Akay C.Andrea Jordan Abdulaziz H.Mohamed Process Intensification and Miniaturization Centre School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced MaterialsNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE1 7RUUK ITI Energy Limited Advanced Manufacturing ParkBrunel WayRotherham S60 5WGUK

Sulphonated nano-structured micro-porous ion exchange polymers, known as sulphonated PolyHIPE Polymers （s-PHPs） were used in syngas cleaning to investigate their impact on tar composition, concentration and dew point depression during the gasification of fuel cane bagasse as a model biomass. The results showed that the s-PHPs used as a secondary syngas treatment system, was highly effective at adsorbing and reducing the concentration of all class of tars in syngas by 95%-80% which resulted in tar dew point depression from 90 ~C to 73 ~C. It was shown that tars underwent chemical reactions within s-PHPs, indicating that tar diffusion from syngas was driven by chemical potential. It was also observed that s-PHPs also captured ash forming elements from syngas. The use of s-PHPs in gasification as well as in an integrated thermochemical biorefinery technology is discussed since the tar loaded s-PHPs can be used as natural herbicides in the form of soil additives to enhance the biomass growth and crop yield.

关键词： biorefinery biomass downdraft gasifier gasification PolyHIPE Polymer syngas cleaning tar removal

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Two-dimensional CFD simulation and pilot-scale experimental verification of a downdraft gasifier: effect of reactor aspect ratios on temperature and syngas composition during gasification

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2020年第3期7卷 536-550页

作者： Chootrakul Siripaiboon Prysathyrd Sarabhorn Chinnathan Areeprasert Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringKasetsart University50 Ngam Wong Wan RoadLat YaoChatuchakBangkok10900Thailand

This paper focuses on a two-dimensional CFD simulation of a downdraft gasifier and a pilot-scale experiment for verification using wood pellet *** simulation work was carried out via the ANSYS-Fluent CFD software package with in-house coding via User Defined *** gasification parameters were taken into account in the simulation and validation to achieve highly accurate results;namely,fuel consumption,temperature profile,and syngas *** verification of the developed model,the effects of aspect ratios on temperature and syngas composition were *** from simulation and experimental work indicated that the fuel consumption rate during the steady state gasification experiment was 1.750±0.048 g/*** average steady state temperature of the experiment was 1240.32±14.20 *** sum,the fuel consumption and temperature profile during gasification from modeling and experimentation show an error lower than 1.3%.Concentrations of CO,CO2,H2,and CH4 were 20.42 vol%,15.09 vol%,8.02 vol%,and 2.6 vol%,respectively,which are comparable to those of the experiment:20.00 vol%,15.48 vol%,8.00 vol%,and 2.65 vol%.A high concentration of syngas is observed in the outer radial part of the reactor because of the resistive flow of the air inlet and the synthesis gas *** average temperatures during the steady state of the gasifier with aspect ratios(H/D)of 1.00,1.38(experiment),and 1.82 were 978.77±11.60,1256.46±9.90,and 1368.94±9.20 K,*** 1.82 aspect ratio reactor has the smallest diameter,therefore the radiative heat transferred from the reactor wall affects the temperature in the *** compositions are *** relationships between the aspect ratios and the syngas LHV,(4.29–4.49 MJ/N m3),cold gas efficiency(29.66%to 31.00%),and carbon conversion(79.59%to 80.87%)are observed.

关键词： CFD Simulation Gasification downdraft gasifier Biomass Wood pellets Aspect ratio

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Pyrolysis Model of Single Biomass Pellet in downdraft gasifier

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2016年第2期22卷 174-181页

作者：薛爱军潘继红田茂诚伊晓璐 School of Energy and Power Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250061 China Energy Research Institute Shandong Academy of Sciences Jinan 250014 China

By coupling the heat transfer equation with semi-global chemical reaction kinetic equations, a onedimensional, unsteady mathematical model is developed to describe the pyrolysis of single biomass pellet in the pyrolysis zone of downdraft gasifier. The simulation results in inert atmosphere and pyrolysis zone agree well with the published experimental results. The pyrolysis of biomass pellets in pyrolysis zone is investigated, and the results show that the estimated convective heat transfer coefficient and emissivity coefficient are suitable. The mean pyrolysis time is 15.22%, shorter than that in inert atmosphere, and the pellet pyrolysis process in pyrolysis zone belongs to fast pyrolysis. Among the pyrolysis products, tar yield is the most, gas the second, and char the least. During pyrolysis, the temperature change near the center is contrary to that near the surface. Pyrolysis gradually moves inwards layer by layer. With the increase of pyrolysis temperature and pellet diameter, the total pyrolysis time, tar yield, char yield and gas yield change in different ways. The height of pyrolysis zone is calculated to be 1.51—3.51 times of the characteristic pellet diameter.

关键词： downdraft gasifier pyrolysis model single biomass pellet

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Performance and Economic Analysis of Mulberry Paper Handmade Dryer by Using downdraft gasifier

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2013年第8期3卷 507-516页

作者： Churat Thararux Tanongkiat Kiatsiriroat Department of Mechanical Engineering Rajamangkala University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Chiangmai University

The mulberry paper handmade dryer uses downdraft gasifier, which is a continuous hot air dryer. The downdraft gasifier uses charcoal or wood chip as fuel to produce the producer gas for a dryer heat source. Two steps operation of a dryer as follows： The frst was to reduce mulberry paper pulp moisture by an air vacuum pump; the second was a continuous hot air drying process. The optimum condition drying, the capacity of dryer, the fuel consumption, the drying constant （k） and economics analysis were investigated. It was found that the first step could be to reduce mulberry paper pulp moisture content about 25% and the suitable condition drying was 80 ~C drying temperature, 0.04 kg/s air mass flow rate and 0.29 m/min chain conveyor speed, respectively. The capacity of this dryer was 20 sheets per hour. The quality of mulberry paper product was very good （based on the standard of mulberry paper community 41/2546） and the fuel consumption rate was 5 kg/h （charcoal）. The drying constant was about 0.532933-0.541367 min~ and the drying constant was a function of drying temperature （T）, air mass flow rate （F） and conveyor speed （10 as equation of k（T, F, V） = 0.567494 ＋ 0.000422T- 1.40588F- 0.000205 V （R2 = 0.9254） and the breakeven point of dryer was 0.79 years.

关键词： Mulberry paper handmade dryer downdraft gasifier producer gas.

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Performance Analysis of a Woodchip downdraft gasifier： Numerical Prediction and Experimental Validation

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2015年第4期9卷 336-347页

作者： Emanuela Manzino Daniela Olampi Ferruccio Pittaluga Department of Mechanical Energy Management and Transportation Engineering The University of Genova Savona 17100 Italy

The study deals with a multi-faceted theoretical approach, symbolic, analytical and numerical, based on the chemical equilibrium assumption, addressed at predicting the performance trends of downdrafi wood-gasification processes so to assess the optimal ranges of input parameters, in particular the equivalence ratios, suitable to achieving the highest cold gas efficiencies whilst keeping the more the possible tar-free the produced bio-syngas. The time-steady, zero-dimensional model has been developed within MATLAB （the computing language and interactive environment from Matrix Laboratory） and solved by enforcing the constraints posed by the equilibrium constants in relation to two reactions, gas-water shift and methanation. Particular care is devoted toward verifying the real attainment of the equilibrium condition, as attested by an actual presence of products from the equilibrium reactions together with a zero difference AE between the energy flows entering and exiting the system, an issue often overlooked. With respect to other similar theoretical approaches, the numerical model, assisted by the symbolic counterpart for better interpretation and intrinsic validation of results, shows a distinct advantage in predicting rather accurately the syngas composition for varying gasification temperatures, as attested by cross comparisons with experimental data directly taken on an instrumented, dedicated, small-scale downdraft gasifier operational at DIME/SCL （the Savona Combustion Laboratory of DIME, the Dept. of Mechanical, Energy, Management and Transportation Engineering of Genova University）. The behavior of cold gas efficiency clearly points out that, from an energy conversion point of view, the optimal gasification temperatures turn out comprised between 900 ℃ and 1,000 ℃： this range is indeed characterized by the highest concentrations in the energy-rich syngas components CO and H2. For higher temperatures, as induced by higher air-to-fuel ratios, the progressive

关键词： downdraft gasifier woodchip gasification equilibrium chemistry MATLAB simulation.

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Performance evaluation of a diesel engine by using producer gas from some under-utilized biomass on dual-fuel mode of diesel cum producer gas

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Journal of Central South University 2012年第6期19卷 1583-1589页

作者： D.K.Das S.P.Dash M.K.Ghosal Department of Farm Machinery and Power College of Agricultural Engineering and TechnologyOrissa University of Agriculture and TechnologyBhubnaneswar-751003OrissaIndia Department of Water Resources Orissa Lift irrigation CorporationGovernment of OrissaIndia

Producer gas through gasification of biomass can be used as an alternate fuel in rural areas due to high potential of biomass resources in *** were conducted to study the performance of a diesel engine(four stroke,single cylinder,5.25 kW) with respect to its thermal efficiency,specific fuel consumption and diesel substitution by use of diesel alone and producer gas-cum-diesel(dual fuel mode).Three types of biomass,*** chips,pigeon pea stalks and corn cobs were used for generation of producer gas.A producer gas system consisting of a downdraft gasifier,a cooling cum cleaning unit,a filtering unit and a gas air mixing device was designed,fabricated and used to power a 5.25 kW diesel engine on dual fuel *** of the engine was reported by keeping biomass moisture contents as 8%,12%,16%,and 21%,engine speed as 1 600 r/min and with variable engine *** average value of thermal efficiency on dual fuel mode was found slightly lower than that of diesel *** specific diesel consumption was found to be 60%-64% less in dual fuel mode than that in diesel mode for the same amount of energy *** average diesel substitution of 74% was observed with wood chips followed by corn cobs(78%) and pigeon pea stalks(82%).Based on the performance studied,the producer gas may be used as a substitute or as supplementary fuel for diesel conservation,particularly for stationary engines in agricultural operations in the farm.

关键词： biomass gasification producer gas downdraft gasifier diesel engine

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