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Stimulants and donors promote megaplasmid pND6-2 horizontal gene transfer in activated sludge

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 742-753页

作者： Shan Wang Shanshan Li Dan Du Olusegun KAbass Muhammad Salman Nasir Wei Yan Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Xi’an Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Recycling and Resource RecoveryXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Department of Structures and Environmental Engineering University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan

The activated sludge process is characterized by high microbial density and diversity,both of which facilitate antibiotic resistance gene transfer.Many studies have suggested that antibiotic and non-antibiotic drugs at sub-inhibitory concentrations are major inducers of conjugative gene transfer.The self-transmissible plasmid pND6-2 is one of the endogenous plasmids harbored in Pseudomonas putida ND6,which can trigger the transfer of another co-occurring naphthalene-degrading plasmid pND6-1.Therefore,to illustrate the potential influence of stimulants on conjugative transfer of pND6-2,we evaluated the effects of four antibiotics (ampicillin,gentamycin,kanamycin,and tetracycline) and naphthalene,on the conjugal transfer efficiency of pND6-2 by filter-mating experiment.Our findings demonstrated that all stimulants within an optimal dose promoted conjugative transfer of pND6-2from Pseudomonas putida GKND6 to P.putida KT2440,with tetracycline being the most effective (100μg/L and 10μg/L),as it enhanced pND6-2-mediated intra-genera transfer by approximately one hundred-fold.Subsequently,seven AS reactors were constructed with the addition of donors and different stimulants to further elucidate the conjugative behavior of pND6-2 in natural environment.The stimulants positively affected the conjugal process of pND6-2,while donors reshaped the host abundance in the sludge.This was likely because stimulant addition enhanced the expression levels of conjugation transfer-related genes.Furthermore,Blastocatella and Chitinimonas were identified as the potential receptors of plasmid pND6-2,which was not affected by donor types.These findings demonstrate the positive role of sub-inhibitory stimulant treatment on pND6-2 conjugal transfer and the function of donors in re-shaping the host spectrum of pND6-2.

关键词： Antibiotics Naphthalene donor Conjugative transfer Host range

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Synthesis and Cation-Mediated Electron Transfer in Fluorescence Quenching of donor-Acceptor Podands

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2000年第9期11卷 767-770页

作者： Hua JIANG Hui Jun XU Institute of Photographic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 Institute of Photographic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Reduced rate constants of photoinduced electron transfer in intramolecular fluorescence quenching of donor-acceptor podands induced by cation-complexation are observed in the highly exothermic reactions.

关键词： electron transfer donor acceptor podands

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Neuroendocrine tumor incidentally detected during living donor hepatectomy: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第10期10卷 780-784页

作者： Sami Akbulut Burak Isik Egemen Cicek Emine Samdanci Sezai Yilmaz Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute Inonu University Faculty of Medicine Department of Surgery Inonu University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pathology Inonu University Faculty of Medicine

To our best knowledge, no case of a tumor that was incidentally detected during living donor hepatectomy(LDH) has been reported in the English language medical literature. We present two cases in which grade Ⅰ neuroendocrine tumors(NET) were incidentally detected during our twelve-year LDH experience. First Case: A 26-yearold male underwent LDH for his brother suffering from HBV-related chronic liver disease(CLD). After right lobe LDH, intestinal length was measured as part of a study concerning the relationship between small intestinal lengths and surgical procedure. At this stage, a mass lesion with a size of 10 mm × 10 mm was detected on the antimesenteric surface, approximately 90 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve. A wedge resection with primary intestinal anastomosis was performed. Second Case: A 29-year-old male underwent right lobe LDH for his father with hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related CLD. An abdominal exploration immediately prior to the closure of the incision revealed that the appendix vermiformis was edematous and had firmness with a size of 8-10 mm at its tip. An appendectomy was performed. The pathological examinations of the specimens of both patients revealedgrade 1 NET. In conclusion, even if patients undergoing LDH are healthy individuals, whole abdominal cavity should be gently palpated and all findings recorded after completing laparotomy. Suspected masses or lesions should be confirmed by frozen section examination. Such an approach would avert potential medicolegal issues.

关键词： Living donor hepatectomy Incidental tumor Neuroendocrine tumor Chronic liver disease Hepatitis B virus

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Living donor liver transplantation:A complex but worthwhile undertaking

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第4期19卷 305-306页

作者： Jan Lerut Institute for Experimental and Clinical Research(IREC) Universitécatholique Louvain(UCL)Avenue Hippocrate 551200 BrusselsBelgium

Since its’first applications in clinical pediatric and adult liver transplantation practice by Strong et al.and Makuuchi in 1989[1,2],living donor liver transplantation(LDLT)has been an ever increasing part of the today’s practice of liver transplantation.Based on different donor demographics(living donation vs.deceased donation)and on much larger experiences with partial liver resection(aggressive resection in cirrhotic patients versus non-surgical,locoregional treatments),LDLT merely developped in Asian countries.Indeed nowadays,this technique accounts for more than 90%of the transplantation activity in the Eastern hemisphere,whereas it accounts only for 5%of activities in the Western one[3,4].

关键词： donor Eastern Strong

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Use of robotics in liver donor right hepatectomy

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2018年第2期7卷 154-155页

作者： Fabrizio Panaro Giuliano Testa Division of Transplantation Department of SurgeryMontpellier University Hospital-School of MedicineMontpellierFrance Annette C.and Harold C.Simmons Transplant Institute Baylor University Medical CenterDallasTXUSA

Thank you for inviting us to comment the review article entitled"Use of robotics in liver donor right hepatectomy"by Chen PD et al.(1),published on HBSN journal.In their interesting paper,the authors stated that despite the fact that minimally invasive surgery(MIS)has been documented with safety and feasibility in complex liver surgery the progress has been slow in regard to the application of MIS in donor graft hepatectomy.Pioneer surgeons have devoted themselves to develop pure MIS approach for donor hepatectomy,but the steep learning curve remains barrier for its wide adoption.The authors suggest that the introduction or robotic assisted surgery may contribute to a wider acceptance of MIS as the technique of choice for live donor hepatectomy.Despite a great attention to donor selection and continuous improvement in donor care the risks of donor hepatectomy remain real and the complication rate not insignificant(2).Traditional open liver resection results in post-operative pain and in at least 30%of the cases these pains were attributed to abdominal wall trauma(1,2).For these reasons and with the aim of facilitating donor recovery,transplant surgeons have been exploring the possibility of routinely applying MIS to live donor hepatectomy.To bridge the gap between open and pure MIS donor procurement,hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery was initially introduced in the 90'.It was not until 2002 that Soubrane O presented the first two cases of pure laparoscopic left lateral living donor hepatectomy,followed in the years to come by several successful attempts to extend the procedure to the procurements of full left and right hepatic lobes(1-6).

关键词： routine donor stated

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Problems in adult living donor liver transplantation using the right hepatic lobe

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2006年第3期5卷 345-349页

作者： GuangDong Pan LuNan Yan Department of General Surgery West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China. pgdhx@***

BACKGROUND: Adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is now widely applied to patients, children or adults, and the graft extends from the left hepatic lobe to the right hepatic lobe. Harvesting the right hepatic lobe would mean putting the donor at high risk. The congestion of a graft may cause small-for-size syndrome. The safety of the donor and its evaluation, which are related to the outcome for the recipient,play an important role in LDLT. How to decrease the congestion of the graft is another challenge to transplant experts. DATA SOURCES: A literature search from MEDLINE about adult LDLT in recent years was made to analyze the safety of the living donor and the innovation of surgical techniques for preventing small-for-size syndrome. RESULTS: The top priority for adult LDLT is donor safety. Preoperative donor evaluation consists of three stages: phase 1 for general evaluation, phase 2 for laboratory tests, and phase 3 for radiological evaluation of graft volume and vessel anatomy. The potential pathogenic mechanisms of small-for-size syndrome seem to be related to persistent portal hypertension and portal overperfusion. Improved surgical techniques for decreasing portal hypertension and preventing congestion of a graft may reduce the incidence of small-for-size syndrome. The improved techniques include reconstruction of the tributaries of the middle hepatic vein, end-to-side portocaval shunting, ligation of the splenic artery, dual-graft transplantation, and modified reconstruction of hepatic veins. CONCLUSION: With the careful preoperative assessment and the safety of the living donor, as well as improved surgical techniques, adult LDLT using the right lobe is safe.

关键词： living donor liver transplantation small-for-size syndrome prevention

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Prof. Sung-Gyu Lee: future perspectives of living donor liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2018年第1期7卷 73-74页

作者： Vanessa Zhao Brad Li

At the Fifth International Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Summit Forum,Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition(HBSN)had the honor to interview Prof.Sung-Gyu Lee who shared his insights into living donor l... 详细信息

关键词： Surgery donor Liver

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Protective effects of glycine pretreatment on brain-death donor liver

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2005年第1期4卷 37-40页

作者： Shui-Jun Zhang, Ji-Hua Shi, Zhe Tang, Yang Wu and Shi Chen Zhengzhou, China Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030 , China Department of Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 China. zhangshuijin@***

BACKGROUND: Morphological and functional changes commonly occur in livers of brain-death donors. Preven- tion of liver injury from brain-death will benefit the results of transplantation. This study was conducted to evaluate the protection effects of glycine on the liver of brain-death donor. METHODS: Fourty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into brain-death donor (BDD) group (B), glycine pretreatment group with BDD (G), and strychnine pre- treatment group with BDD(S). For these groups, brain death model was established in donor rats and liver trans- plantation was performed subsequently utilizing microsur- gical techniques. After the establishment of the model and during cold rinsing of liver donors or liver reperfusion of recipients, glycine was given at a dose of 0. 6 mmol, 25 μmol and 25 μmol in the group G, and a same dose of gly- cine and strychnine (1000 :1) was prescribed for the group S, but nothing for the group B. Before cold rinsing at 2 and 6 hours after portal vein(PV) reperfusion, blood sam- ples were taken from infrahepatic vena cava (IHVC) to de- termine the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), as- partate aminotransferase (AST), tumor necrosis factor al- pha (TNF-α) and hyaluronic acid (HA). At 6 hours after PV reperfusion, graft samples were fixed for morphological observation and apoptosis of hepatocytes was detected using the TUNEL method. RESULTS: Before liver cold rinsing and at 2 and 6 hours af- ter PV reperfusion, the serum levels of ALT, AST, TNF-α, HA and apoptosis index (AI) in the groups B and S were significantly higher than those in the group G (P 0.05). Electron microscopy showed that Kupffer cells were activated and hepatic cells injured more obvious- ly in the groups B and S than in the group G. CONCLUSION: Glycine pretreatment can improve the via-bility of the liver of the brain-death donor rat.

关键词： rats liver transplantation brain death glycine Kupffer cells donor

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Use of robotics in liver donor right hepatectomy

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2018年第3期7卷 231-232页

作者： Fabrizio Di Benedetto Paolo Magistri Karim JHalazun Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaMOItaly Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine Faculty of Medicine and PsychologySapienza University of RomeRomeRMItaly Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery Department of SurgeryWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA

We read with great interest the paper by Chen and colleagues entitled "Use of robotics in liver donor right hepatectomy" (1). The authors currently represent the leading group performing robotic living donor liver pro... 详细信息

关键词： donor liver hepatectomy

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Methanol as a probe to investigate the relationship between the secondary electron donor TyrZ and the substrate water molecules in active photosystem Ⅱ

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第9期55卷 809-813页

作者： BAO Han, ZHANG ChunXi, REN YaNan & ZHAO JingQuan Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The secondary electron donor, TyrZ, is implicated in tuning the primary charge separation and the water oxidation in active pho-tosystem II (PSII). Two types of mechanisms have been proposed to explain the function of TyrZ. One is that TyrZ tunes the water oxidation through the direct interaction with substrate water molecules; the other is that TyrZ is located in a hydrophobic envi-ronment without interacting with H2O, and controls the water oxidation by tuning the strength of the hydrogen bond between TyrZ and His190. Here, methanol was used as a probe to study the possible relationship between TyrZ and H2O by monitoring the TyrZ oxidation and TyrZ· reduction at cryogenic temperatures with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The oxidation of TyrZ and reduction of TyrZ· in both S2 and S0 states at 10 K were accelerated by addition of a small amount of methanol (6%). Theoretical studies indicate that Tyr oxidation becomes more difficult if it interacts directly with the methanol molecule; while the decrease of the polarity of its environment accelerates the oxidation of Tyr. Accordingly, CH3OH does not directly interact with TyrZ in active PSII, and the accelerative effect of methanol is caused by the strength increase of the hydrogen bond between TyrZ and His190, resulting from the decrease of polarity of their environment after the displacement of H2O by CH3OH inside PSII. Considering the similarity between methanol and water, the results in this study support the model in which TyrZ does not interact with H2O in active PSII.

关键词： photosystem Ⅱ secondary electron donor TyrZ methanol water electron paramagnetic resonance

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