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Interactions of Microplastics and Methane Seepage in the Deep-Sea Environment

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Engineering 2023年第10期29卷 159-167页

作者： Jing-Chun Feng Zhifeng Yang Wenliang Zhou Xingwei Feng Fuwen Wei Bo Li Chuanxin Ma Si Zhang Linlin Xia Yanpeng Cai Yi Wang Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds Institute of Environmental and Ecological EngineeringGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate Guangzhou Institute of Energy ConversionChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Guangzhou Center for Gas Hydrate Research Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China

Microplastics(MPs)are important exempla of the Anthropocene and are exerting an increasing impact on Earth’s carbon *** huge imbalance between the MPs floating on the marine surface and those that are estimated to have been introduced into the ocean necessitates a detailed assessment of marine MP ***,we demonstrate that cold seep sediments,which are characterized by methane fluid seepage and a chemosynthetic ecosystem,effectively capture and accommodate small-scale(diversity,and aging of *** turn,the rough surfaces of MPs contribute to the sequestration of the electron acceptor ferric oxide,which is associated with the anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM).The efficiency of the AOM determines whether the seeping methane(which has a greenhouse effect 83 times greater than that of CO_(2)over a 20-year period)can enter the atmosphere,which is important to the global methane cycle,since the deep-sea environment is regarded as the largest methane reservoir associated with natural gas hydrates.

关键词： Microplastics Anaerobic oxidation of methane Cold seeps diversity index Fragmentation Gas hydrates

Community composition, abundance and biomass of zooplankton in Zhangzi Island waters, Northern Yellow Sea

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2017年第5期35卷 1144-1151页

作者：尹洁慧张光涛李超伦王世伟赵增霞万艾勇 Ocean College Yan Tai University Yantai 264005 China Jiaozhou Bay Marine Ecosystem Research Station Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China

Samples were collected monthly from the sea area around Zhangzi Island,northern Yellow Sea,from July 2009 to June *** net towing was used to examine spatial and temporal variability in zooplankton abundance and ***,C alanus sinicus and Saggita crassa were the dominant species found during the study period,while the amphipod T hemisto gracilipes was dominant in winter and *** numbers of the ctenophore species of the genus Beroe were found in October and *** was not possible to count them,but they constituted a large portion of the total zooplankton *** species diversity was highest in October,and species evenness was highest in *** abundance(non-jellyfi sh)and biomass were highest in June and lowest in August,with annual averages of 131.3 ind./m3and 217.5 mg/m3,*** temperature may be responsible for the variations in zooplankton abundance and biomass.B eroe biomass was negatively correlated with other zooplankton *** investigations will be carried out to learn more about the infl uence of the environment on zooplankton assemblages.

关键词： zooplankton abundance biomass diversity index Zhangzi Island waters

Analysis of effect of nicotine on microbial community structure in sediment using PCR-DGGE fingerprinting

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Water Science and Engineering 2015年第4期8卷 309-314页

作者： Ai-dong Ruan Chen-xiao Liu State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai University

Solid or liquid waste containing a high concentration of nicotine can pollute sediment in rivers and lakes, and may destroy the ecological balance if it is directly discharged into the environment without any treatment. In this study, the polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） method was used to analyze the variation of the microbial community structure in the control and nicotinecontaminated sediment samples with nicotine concentration and time of exposure. The results demonstrated that the growth of some bacterial species in the nicotine-contaminated sediment samples was inhibited during the exposure. Some bacteria decreased in species diversity and in quantity with the increase of nicotine concentration or time of exposure, while other bacteria were enriched under the effect of nicotine, and their DGGE bands changed from undertones to deep colors. The microbial community structure, however, showed a wide variation in the nicotine- contaminated sediment samples, especially in the sediment samples treated with high-concentration nicotine. The Jaccard index was only 35.1% between the initial sediment sample and the sediment sample with a nicotine concentration of 0.030 μg/g after 28 d of exposure. diversity indices showed that the contaminated groups had a similar trend over time. The diversity indices of contaminated groups all decreased in the first 7 d after exposure, then increased until day 42. It has been found that nicotine decreased the diversity of the microbial community in the sediment.

关键词： Nicotine Sediment PCR-DGGE Microbial community structure diversity index

Cetacean occurrence and diversity in whale-watching waters off Mirissa,Southern Sri Lanka

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第4期16卷 462-476页

作者： Dissanayake Mudiyanselage Rajitha SANKALPA Elle Pathirathnalage Darshana Nuwan THILAKARATHNE Wenzhi LIN Vidusanka THILAKANAYAKA Chathurika Piumi KUMARASINGHE Mingming LIU Mingli LIN Songhai LI Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanyaChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Department of Animal Science Faculty of Animal Science and Export AgricultureUva Wellassa UniversitySri Lanka South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina Department of Oceanography and Marine Geology Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of RuhunaWellamadamaMataraSri Lanka

Scientific information is vital to the conservation of cetaceans and the management of whale-watching *** southern coastal waters of Sri Lanka are near a narrow continental shelf and biologically abundant in cetacean *** the occurrence of cetaceans has been investigated in certain waters of Sri Lanka,few surveys have been conducted along the southern *** fill this gap,we conducted boat-based surveys from January to May 2017 to investigate the occurrence,diversity,and behavior of cetaceans in the waters off Mirissa,covering a survey area of 788.9 *** 55 survey days,we recorded a total of 242 cetacean sightings and identified at least 9 species(3 mysticetes and 6 odontocetes).The blue whale was the most common mysticete species(167 of 174 mysticete encounters),followed by the Omura’s whale(4 of 174)and Bryde’s whale(3 of 174).The spinner dolphin was the most common odontocete species(28 of 68 odontocete encounters),followed by the sperm whale(18 of 68),common bottlenose dolphin(13 of 68),short-finned pilot whale(5 of 68),melon-headed whale(2 of 68),and killer *** whales and sperm whales exhibited a clear preference for outer shelf and high slope areas,and blue whales were observed feeding along these *** present study provides near-baseline information on cetacean occurrence and diversity in whale-watching waters off southern Sri Lanka,and highlights the urgent need for proper management strategies for whale-watching activities.

关键词： cetaceans diversity index dolphins Sri Lanka whale-watching

CHARACTERISTICS OF SMALL RODENT COMMUNITY IN DIFFERENT AGED CUT-OVER AREAS IN DAILING MOUNTAIN

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Journal of Northeast Forestry University 1994年第4期5卷 52-57页

作者：高中信姜洪海高继宏赵淑琴 Northeast Forestry University Harbin China

The field investigation of small rodent community was made in Liangshui Reserve, Heilongiiang Province, in 1992. Species composition and percentage of each species of the small rodents in different aged clear-cut-over areas were analyzed. The change of rodent community was associated with the change of vegetation cover. Forest harvest, which results in change of light, temperature, water and othcr ecological factors, made change of vegetation cover and was the main cause for the change of small rodent community. The small rodents were low in number of species population and diversity index in the inatial stages after clear cutting. The diversity index of rodents in order of different aged cut-over areas were 5-year-old area >20-year-old area > 28-year-old area > 1 -year-old area > 10-year-old area.

关键词： Cut-over area Rodent community Forest harvest diversity index

Impact assessment of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant cotton on arthropod communities

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Journal of Cotton Research 2022年第2期5卷 164-172页

作者： LI Dongyang ZHU Xiangzhen ZHANG Kaixin WANG Li ZHANG Rui LIANG Chengzhen LUO Junyu CUI Jinjie State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Institute of Cotton ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyangHenan 455000 China Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China.

Background:Cotton(Gossypium spp.)is one of the most important economic crops worldwide,and its production plays an important role in the economy of many *** modified herbicide-tolerant(GMHT)crops,which were developed to minimize the losses caused by weeds,have gradually become the most widely adopted genetically modified crops in the world due to their economic and environmental ***,the potential ecological and environmental risks of GMHT crops have attracted extensive attention and *** communities form a promine nt part of the biodiversity of agroecosystems and are important indicators of environmental *** the effects of GMHT crops on the diversity of arthropod communities is necessary to ensure the safety of GMHT ***:In this 2-year study,we investigated the potential impact of GMHT crops on arthropod *** GMHT cotton variety GGK2 with glyphosate tolerance and its near-isogenic non-GMHT variety K312 were used for the experimental *** Shannon diversity index(H),Simpson diversity index(D),Pielou evenness index(J),and principal co-ordinates analysis(PCoA)of the Bray-Curtis distance were used to evaluate the population dynamics and biodiversity of arthropods in cotton *** significant differences were found between GGK2 and K312 in their total abundance of arthropod communities,and biodiversity indexes on most sampling *** arthropod composition in the GGK2 and K312 plots was *** elates had a significant effect on biodiversity indexes,whereas no clear tendencies related to cotton variety or cotton variety x sampling elates interaction were *** addition,PCoA revealed high similarity between the arthropod communities in the plots of the GMHT cotton variety GGK2 and its near-isogenic variety ***:There was no obvious difference in abundance,diversity indexes of arthropod communities between GMHT cotto n variety GGK2 and its near-isogenic var

关键词： GMHT crops Cotton Arthropod communities Biodiversity diversity index PCoA

diversity of endophytic fungi associated with Hedychium spicatum Ham ex *** their antifungal activity against the phytopathogen Alternaria solani

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Studies in Fungi 2020年第1期5卷 84-93页

作者： Sarma P Dkhar MS Kayang H Kumar M Dubey NK Raghuwanshi R Microbial Ecology Laboratory Department of BotanyNorth Eastern Hill UniversityShillong793022 Department of Botany Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi221005 Department of Botany Mahila MahavidyalayaBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi221005

Twenty eight strains of endophytic fungi including sterile mycelia were isolated from the leaf,rhizome and roots of Hedychium spicatum Ham *** of the endophytic fungi isolated belonged to the phylum Ascomycota which accounted of about 84%.The endophytic assemblage was dominated by the class *** fungal genera such as Fusarium and Penicillium were found to be common to all the plant *** of endophytic fungi was found to be highest in the roots(H’=2.43).Mucor hiemalis,Penicillium sp.,Penicillium expansum,***,Phoma medicaginis,Trichoderma *** *** showed above 60%inhibition against the phytopathogen Alternaria solani.

关键词： Colonization frequency diversity index percentage inhibition

Can picnic influence floral diversity and vitality of trees in Bhawal National Park of Bangladesh?

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Forestry Studies in China 2009年第3期11卷 148-157页

作者： Md. Mizanur RAHMAN Harald VACIK Institute of Silviculture Department of Forest and Soil Sciences University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna A-1190 Austria

We examined the impact of picnic activities on forest diversity, structure, regeneration and vitality of tree species in the Bhawal National Park of Bangladesh. The study area was classified as a non-used, occasionally used and frequently used area on the basis of the intensity of the picnic activities. A total of 43 plant species were enumerated in the whole study area. The highest plant species richness （41 species） was observed in the non-used area whereas the lowest species richness （11 species） in the frequently used area. The diversity index decreased with the increase of picnic intensity whereas the concentration of dominance increased. Density of all plant groups except mature trees, and the basal area of the mature trees showed a declining trend from the non-used to frequently used area. The frequently used area exhibited very poor regeneration. Tree vitality decreased with the increase of picnic intensity. The relevance of our study as a basis for further research to determine the impact of tourism on biodiversity in Bangladesh is discussed.

关键词： species richness diversity index concentration of dominance regeneration intensity

Forest structure,productivity and soil properties in a subtropical ever-green broad-leaved forest in Okinawa,Japan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2008年第4期19卷 271-276页

作者：徐小牛王勤柴田英昭安徽农业大学林学与园林学院合肥230036 日本北海道大学北方生物圈研究中心

Structure, species composition, and soil properties of a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in Okinawa, Japan, were examined by establishment of plots at thirty sites. The forest was characterized by a relatively low canopy and a large number of small-diameter trees. Mean canopy height for this forest was 10 m and stands contained an average of 5400 stems-ha^-1 （ -〉 3.0 cm DBH）; 64% of those stems were smaller than 10 cm DBH. The total basal area was 54.4 m^2-ha^-1, of which Castanopsis sieboldii contributed 48%. The forest showed high species diversity of trees. 80 tree species （≥ 3.0 cm DBH） from 31 families was identified in the thirty sampling plots. C. sieboldii and Schima wallichii were the dominant and subdominant species in terms of importance value. The mean tree species diversity indices for the plots were, 3.36 for diversity index （H＇）, 0.71 for Equitability index （J＇） and 4.72 for Species richness index （S＇）, all of which strongly declined with the increase of importance value of the dominant, C. sieboldii. Measures of soil nutrients indicated low fertility, extreme heterogeneity and possible A1 toxicity. Regression analysis showed that stem density and the dominant tree height were significantly correlated with soil pH. There was a significant positive relationship between species diversity index and soil exchangeable K^＋, Ca^2＋, and Ca^2＋/Al^3- ratio （all p values 〈0.001） and a negative relationship with N, C and P. The results suggest that soil property is a major factor influencing forest composition and structure within the subtropical forest in Okinawa.

关键词： diversity index evergreen broad-leaved forest species composition soil nutrient soil-vegetation relation subtropical zone