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Out of Africa: Miocene Dispersal, Vicariance, and Extinction within Hyacinthaceae Subfamily Urgineoideae

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第10期55卷 950-964页

作者： Syed Shujait Ali Martin Pfosser Wolfgang Wetschnig Mario Martínez Azorín Manuel B.Crespo Yan Yu Institute of Plant Sciences Karl Franzens University Graz Biocenter Linz Institute of Biotechnology and Microbiology University of Swat CIBIO (Instituto Universitario de la Biodiversidad) Universidad de Alicante Key Laboratory of Bio Resources and Eco Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life Sciences Sichuan University

disjunct distribution patterns in plant lineages are usually explained according to three hypotheses： vicariance, geodispersal, and long-distance dispersal. The role of these hypotheses is tested in Urgineoideae （Hyacinthaceae）, a subfamily disjunctly distributed in Africa, Madagascar, India, and the Mediterranean region. The potential ancestral range, dispersal routes, and factors responsible for the current distribution in Urgineoideae are investigated using divergence time estimations. Urgineoideae originated in Southern Africa approximately 48.9 Mya. Two independent dispersal events in the Western Mediterranean region possibly occurred during Early Oligocene and Miocene （29.9-8.5 Mya） via Eastern and Northwestern Africa. A dispersal from Northwestern Africa to India could have occurred between 16.3 and 7.6 Mya. Vicariance and extinction events occurred approximately 21.6 Mya. Colonization of Madagascar occurred between 30.6 and 16.6 Mya, after a single transoceanic dispersal event from Southern Africa. The current disjunct distributions of Urgineoideae are not satisfactorily explained by Gondwana fragmentation or dispersal via boreotropical forests, due to the younger divergence time estimates. The flattened winged seeds of Urgineoideae could have played an important role in long- distance dispersal by strong winds and big storms, whereas geodispersal could have also occurred from Southern Africa to Asia and the Mediterranean region via the so-called arid and high-altitude corridors.

关键词： Bayesian binary method Bayesian divergence estimates biogeography disjunct distribution time-event curve Urgineoideae.

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Large-scale phylogeography of the widespread Smilax aspera L.(Smilacaceae),a relict species of the Tethyan flora:evidence for Miocene climate-driven diversification

Large-scale phylogeography of the widespread Smilax aspera L...

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2013全国植物生物学大会

作者： CHEN Chen XU Xihui QI Zhechen Marcus A.Koch FU Chengxin QIU Yingxiong Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity College of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University

The shrub Smilax aspera has a broad disjunct distribution,ranging from Mediterranean, Macaronesia,east tropical Africa to South Asia,stopped just right on the collision between India continent and Asia,which is much of consistent with the fragmentation of the evergreen tropical and subtropical forest in the *** study aims to investigate phylogeographical patterns in *** and to elucidate the time frame and events associated with ancestral areas and migration routes.A total of 341 individuals were collected across the species’ distribution range and sequenced at three cpDNA loci(marK,trnC-ycf6,rbcL-atpB) and one nuclear loci *** reconstructions,the reconstruction of ancestral areas and molecular dating techniques were used in combination with population genetic statistics (haplotype diversity,N,F,Fu’s F ) to describe the pattern of present genetic diversity in *** and infer its biogeographical *** aspera is estimated to have an ancient widespread distribution originated in the Late Eocene,with a vicariance event separating the circum-Mediterranean lineage from the East Africa-South Asia lineage from the middle *** *** might colonized east Mediterranean from west Mediterranean in the late Miocene,and fragmented into four sub-lineages in the Mediterreanean region during the Pliocene and *** ancient widely ranges in East Africa and South Asia for East Africa-South Asia lineage revealed the vicariance of East Africa and South Asia populations according to the reconstruction of ancestral *** of *** involves a complex history of range expansion and *** evergreen sclerophyllous shrub impov- erished from the middle Miocene as climate became arid resulted in the Tertiary vicariance event between the Mediterranean region and east Africa-south Asia region,which also brought about vicariance between East Africa and South Asia in the late *** climate-driven fragmentati

关键词： disjunct distribution Smilax aspera phylogeography evergreen sclerophyllous forest

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