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Community-based scenario modelling and disaster risk assessment of urban rainstorm waterlogging

Journal of Geographical Sciences 2011年第2期21卷 274-284页

作者： YIN Zhan'e YIN Jie XU Shiyuan WEN Jiahong Geography Dept. of Shanghai Normal University Shanghai 200234 China Geography Dept. of East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China

Scenario modelling and the risk assessment of natural disasters is one of the hotspots in disaster research. However, up until now, urban natural disaster risk assessments lack common procedures and programmes. This paper selects rainstorm waterlogging as a disaster to research, which is one of the most frequently occurring hazards for most cities in China. As an example, we used a small-scale integrated methodology to assess risks relating to rainstorm waterlogging hazards in the Jing＇an District of Shanghai. Based on the basic concept of disaster risk, this paper applies scenario modelling to express the risk of small-scale urban rainstorm waterlogging disasters in different return periods. Through this analysis of vulnerability and exposure, we simulate different disaster scenarios and propose a comprehensive analysis method and procedure for small-scale urban storm waterlogging disaster risk assessments. A grid-based Geographical Information System （GIS） approach, including an urban terrain model, an urban rainfall model and an urban drainage model, was applied to simulate inundation area and depth. Stage-damage curves for residential buildings and contents were then generated by the loss data of waterlogging from field surveys, which were further applied to analyse vulnerability, exposure and loss assessment. Finally, the exceedance probability curve for disaster damage was constructed using the damage of each simulated event and the respective exceedance probabilities. A framework was also developed for coupling the waterlogging risk with the risk planning and management through the exceedance probability curve and annual average waterlogging loss. This is a new exploration for small-scale urban natural disaster scenario simulation and risk assessment.

关键词： scenario modelling small-scale rainstorm waterlogging disaster risk assessment Shanghai

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Urban Flood disaster risk assessment and Planning Response: A Case Study of Handan, Hebei Province

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Journal of Landscape Research 2022年第5期14卷 67-70,74页

作者： TANG Baowen QU Wennuo MA Lixia School of Architecture and Art Hebei University of EngineeringHandanHebei 056000China Handan Planning and Design Institute HandanHebei 056000China

Flood disaster is a serious threat to urban security,and flood control and drainage planning is an important measure to ensure urban security.This paper takes planning guidance to empirical research as the main axis.On the basis of meteorological data and spatial data,through the analysis on the risk of disaster-causing factors of flood disasters,the sensitivity of disaster-pregnant environment,the vulnerability of disaster-bearing bodies and the ability of disaster prevention and mitigation,12 indicators are selected to construct a comprehensive evaluation index system for flood disaster risk.Handan City is taken as an example to study the spatial distribution characteristics of flood disaster risk.Based on AHP,weights are assigned to the evaluation indicators of flood disasters in the system,and the risk visualization is carried out in GIS.According to comprehensive risk assessment results,it could put forward corresponding disaster prevention planning strategy for defending flood disaster in Handan City.

关键词： disaster risk assessment Flood disaster Urban disaster disaster prevention planning

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Characteristics and risk assessment of agricultural meteorological disasters based on 30 years’disaster data from Heilongjiang Province of China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2017年第6期10卷 144-154页

作者： Xing Zhenxiang Yang Zhaorui Fu Qiang Li Heng Gong Xinglong Wu Jingyan School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China The Key Laboratory of High Efficiency Utilization of Agricultural Water Soil Resources of the Ministry of Agriculture Harbin 150030China

To determine the influence of agricultural meteorological disasters on agriculture in Heilongjiang Province,the disaster areas associated with different types of disasters and their variation characteristics were analyzed based on the statistical data of agricultural disasters from 1983 to 2013 in Heilongjiang Province,China.The moving average and the Mann-Kendall test were applied to identify the variation trends of drought,flooding,hailstorms and freezing(based on the disaster ratio and the disaster intensity index).Then,the Morlet wavelet analysis method was used to identify the periodicity of these four kinds of agricultural meteorological disasters.Finally,a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was adopted to analyze the degrees of agricultural loss induced by these disasters.The following results were obtained:1)The disaster ratio and disaster intensity index for drought exhibited increasing trends;the disaster ratio and disaster intensity index for flooding exhibited decreasing trends;for hailstorms,the disaster ratio exhibited no obvious trend of change,whereas the disaster intensity index exhibited an increasing trend;and for freezing,the disaster ratio also exhibited no obvious trend of change,whereas the disaster intensity index exhibited a decreasing trend.2)Mutation points were observed in the disaster ratio series for drought,flooding and hailstorms,whereas no mutation point was evident in the disaster ratio series for freezing.3)Multiple time-scale characteristics were observed in the disaster ratio series for all four types of agricultural meteorological disasters.Furthermore,the disaster ratio series for the different types of disasters had different main periodicities.4)From the perspective of the degree of agricultural loss induced by each type of disaster,drought was identified as the most severe type of agricultural meteorological disaster,followed by flooding,freezing,and hailstorms.The degree of agricultural loss caused by each type of disaster was different during different periods.Finall

关键词： agricultural meteorological disaster disaster risk assessment disaster ratio disaster intensity index fuzzy comprehensive evaluation agricultural loss

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Seismic Policy, Operations, and Research Uses for a Building Inventory in an Earthquake-Prone City

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International Journal of disaster risk Science 2020年第6期11卷 709-718页

作者： Ken Elwood Olga Filippova Ilan Noy Jacob Pastor Paz School of Engineering The University of AucklandAuckland 1142New Zealand Business School The University of AucklandAuckland 1142New Zealand School of Economics Victoria University of WellingtonWellington 6140New Zealand

After the 2016 New Zealand Kaikoura Earthquake,the absence of information about the state of buildings in Wellington proved to be a source of significant policy uncertainty.Authorities did not know what damages to expect and therefore how to react,and policies needed to be formulated without a clear quantification of the risks.Moreover,without detailed knowledge of the existing buildings,it was difficult to assess what the available legal and regulatory tools can achieve and choose among them.We describe the creation of a building inventory database for Wellington initiated by the authors.This database aims to assist the generation of research on the risks,impacts,and viable solutions for reducing future seismic risk in Wellington’s central business district(CBD).The database includes structural,economic,and market information on virtually every significant building in the CBD.Its primary purposes are:to collate and provide the best available information about the expected seismic performance of the existing building stock;to assess the impact of possible multiple building failures due to a seismic event;to describe a viable cost-effective path for seismic retrofitting;and to inform the design of a regulatory structure that can facilitate this resilience-building agenda.

关键词： Building inventory Building standards disaster risk assessment Earthquake-prone city Retrofit

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Climate Change Community-Based and Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Strategies in Selected Coastal Barangays in Masinloc, Zambales, Philippines

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American Journal of Climate Change 2022年第4期11卷 342-362页

作者： Roann P. Alberto Annie Melinda Paz-Alberto Carl Dionelle B. Ponce Kimberly Joy E. Mata Central Luzon State University Science City of Mu&#241 oz Nueva Ecija Philippines

Climate change continues to intensify existing disaster risks and vulnerabilities in the Philippines. Thus, implementation of climate change adaptation strategies is vital to counter the effects of climate change. It is in this context that this study was undertaken to analyze the need or urgency to adopt community and ecosystem-based adaptation strategies among selected coastal barangays (villages) of Masinloc, Zambales, Philippines. Various methods of data collection were utilized such as secondary data collection, primary data collection through household survey, key informant interviews, and focus group. Results of the study indicate that in terms of community-based adaptation strategies, all of the seven barangays in Masinloc have moderate necessity. However, only Barangays Bani and Collat have high adaptation capacity in terms of infrastructure and disaster preparedness. The execution of several community-based adaptation strategies helps these barangays to respond immediately and appropriately to the moderate risk posed by floods and storm surges. On the other hand, in terms of ecosystem-based adaptation strategies, all of the seven barangays have moderate necessity which implies that they have moderate vulnerability and risk to flood and storm surge but have high adaptation capacity in terms of the conservation and protection of coastal resources (mangroves and sea grasses). The barangays implemented the necessary ecosystem-based adaptation mechanisms that they might need in the future. This only means that when they are faced with disaster, the local communities are prepared to respond appropriately and to cope up with the effects of extreme weather events which lead to floods and storm surge. Even though most of the ecosystem-based adaptation strategies are conducted by the seven barangays, there are several community-based adaptation strategies that are still lacking which will protect them from the effect of floods and storm surges. Hence, carrying out the missing adaptation strategies, both community

关键词： Climate Change Necessity Community-Based Adaptation Strategies Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Strategies disaster risk assessment

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